Streptomyzin
Streptomyzin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Streptomyzin is a brand name. Its generic name is Streptomycin.
Introduction
Streptomyzin is an antibiotic derived from a soil microorganism belonging to the Streptomyces family. It was the first antibiotic to be used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It is still commonly used to treat tuberculosis, anthrax, plague, meningitis, and some non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections.Uses
Streptomyzin is used to treat bacterial infections in the respiratory tract, digestive tract, urinary tract, and skin. It is also used to treat tuberculosis, anthrax infections, plague, meningitis, and some non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections.Mechanism of Action
Streptomyzin works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria cells. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents amino acid recognition. This interferes with the bacteria's ability to form new proteins, thus preventing bacterial growth and reproduction.How Long Does it Take to Work
Streptomyzin usually takes a few days to start working. However, the amount of time it takes for streptomycin to start working and the duration of treatment will depend on the type of infection being treated.Absorption
Streptomyzin is only minimally absorbed in the intestines and does not reach a therapeutic level in the blood.Route of Elimination
Streptomyzin is eliminated primarily through the kidneys, with the majority of the drug being excreted within 24 hours of administration.Dosage
The dosage of streptomycin depends on the type of infection being treated. Generally, a dose of 2 to 5 mg/kg (up to 1g) per day is used for adults. In children, a dose of 25-40 mg/kg per day is usually recommended.Administration
Streptomyzin is usually taken intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug should be injected slowly over a period of 3-5 minutes and should not be mixed with any other medications.Side Effects
Common side effects of streptomycin include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain. Less common side effects include blurred vision, dizziness, headache, rash, and hives.Toxicity
Streptomyzin is generally considered safe in average doses, though it may cause ototoxicity in some cases. Rarely, it may cause nephrotoxicity.Precautions
Patients should be monitored closely for signs of toxicity, particularly ototoxicity. Patients should also have their renal and auditory function monitored periodically to ensure that no adverse reactions occur.Interactions
Streptomyzin may interact with other medications, including antibiotics, antacids, and certain chemotherapy agents. Patients should inform their doctor of any medications they are taking before starting treatment with streptomycin.Disease Interactions
Patients with renal, auditory, or electrolyte imbalances should not use streptomycin. Patients should also be monitored closely if they have a history of renal, auditory, or electroconvulsive therapy.Drug Interactions
Streptomyzin may interact with some medications, including certain antibiotics, antacids, and certain chemotherapy agents. Patients should inform their doctor of any medications they are taking before starting treatment with streptomycin.Food Interactions
Streptomyzin should not be taken with dairy products or calcium-containing foods, as calcium can decrease the absorption of the medication.Pregnancy Use
Streptomyzin is generally not recommended for use in pregnant women.Lactation Use
Streptomyzin is generally not recommended for use in breastfeeding mothers.Acute Overdose
An overdose of streptomycin can cause serious side effects, including seizures, heart failure, and death. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if an overdose is suspected.Contraindication
Patients with a history of renal, auditory, or electrolyte imbalances should not use streptomycin.Use Direction
Streptomyzin should be taken exactly as prescribed by a doctor. Patients should not change dosages or abruptly stop taking streptomycin without speaking to their doctor first.Storage Condition
Streptomyzin should be stored in a cool, dry place at room temperature.Volume of Distribution
Streptomyzin has an average volume of distribution of 0.09 L/kg. This indicates that the drug is distributed to areas of the body where it is not effective, as it does not reach a therapeutic level in the bloodstream.Half Life
The half-life of streptomycin in adults is around 4-10 hours.Clearance
The clearance rate of streptomycin is around 6-12 hours.Here you find in details version of Streptomyzin
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Streptomyzin
.What is Streptomyzin?
Streptomyzin is an antibiotic that is derived from the actinomycete bacterium, Streptomyces griseus. It is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
What are the uses of Streptomyzin?
Streptomyzin is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, endocarditis, meningitis, plague, tularemia, and cholera. It is also used to treat certain other infections such as brucellosis, bacillary dysentery, and atypical pneumonia.
How does Streptomyzin work?
Streptomyzin works by preventing bacterial cells from forming the protein components that are essential for their reproduction. This ultimately results in the death of the bacteria, thereby curing the infection.
Is Streptomyzin safe?
Streptomyzin is generally safe when used as prescribed. However, there are a few potential side effects, such as dizziness, hearing loss, and trouble sleeping. In rare cases, it can also cause severe allergic reactions or kidney damage.
How is Streptomyzin administered?
Streptomyzin can be administered orally, intravenously, intramuscularly, or intraperitoneally. The route and dose of administration will vary depending on the type and severity of the infection being treated.
Who should not take Streptomyzin?
People who have a known hypersensitivity to streptomycin or other similar antibiotics should not take Streptomyzin. People who are pregnant or breastfeeding should consult their healthcare provider before taking this medication.
Is Streptomyzin antibiotic-resistant?
Resistance to streptomycin is not uncommon among some bacterial species and can vary from one type of bacteria to another. To reduce the likelihood of resistance, streptomycin should be used in combination with other antibiotics where possible.
When should Streptomyzin be taken?
It is generally recommended that Streptomyzin be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals. It should also be taken at evenly spaced intervals throughout the day as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Is it possible to become immune to Streptomyzin?
No, Streptomyzin does not cause the development of immunity. However, some bacterial strains can become resistant to its effects, making it less effective in treating certain infections.
How long does Streptomyzin take to work?
The effects of Streptomyzin can usually be seen within 24 to 48 hours of the start of treatment. Improvement in symptoms should continue as long as the medication is taken regularly.
What are the side effects of Streptomyzin?
The most common side effects of Streptomyzin include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headaches, and trouble sleeping. Rarely, it can also cause severe allergic reactions, hearing loss, and kidney damage.
Can Streptomyzin be used to treat viral infections?
No, Streptomyzin is an antibiotic and only effective against bacterial infections. It should not be used to treat viral infections, such as the common cold or influenza.
Can Streptomyzin be used by children?
Yes, Streptomyzin can be used by children. The dosage and route of administration will vary based on the child's age and the type of infection being treated.
Can Streptomyzin be taken with other medications?
Yes, Streptomyzin can be taken with other medications as directed by your healthcare provider. However, it is always a good idea to talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking any new medication.
Can Streptomyzin be taken while breastfeeding?
Yes, Streptomyzin can be taken while breastfeeding, although it is important to discuss this with your doctor before starting treatment. Some of the medication may pass through to the baby via breast milk, so your doctor may monitor the infant for any adverse effects.
What should I avoid while taking Streptomyzin?
It is important to avoid alcohol, caffeine, and other stimulants while taking Streptomyzin, as they can increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness or headaches. Additionally, it is important to avoid taking any other medications unless approved by your healthcare provider.
Is Streptomyzin available over-the-counter?
No, Streptomyzin is a prescription medication and must be obtained from a healthcare provider or pharmacy. It is not available over-the-counter.
Can Streptomyzin be taken long-term?
Streptomyzin can be taken long-term if it is prescribed by your healthcare provider. However, it is important to take it as prescribed in order to avoid any potential side effects or resistance.
Can Streptomyzin be taken with food?
It is generally recommended that Streptomyzin be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals. However, if you experience stomach upset after taking the medication, it is usually safe to take it with food.
Does Streptomyzin cause sun sensitivity?
Yes, Streptomyzin can increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight. It is important to use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors while taking Streptomyzin.
Does Streptomyzin interact with any other medications?
Yes, Streptomyzin can interact with certain medications, such as certain antacids, diuretics, probenecid, and birth control pills. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking before starting Streptomyzin.
What are the possible drug interactions of Streptomyzin?
Streptomyzin can interact with certain medications, such as antacids, diuretics, probenecid, and birth control pills. It can also interact with other antibiotics, making them less effective. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking before starting Streptomyzin.
What are the signs of an allergic reaction to Streptomyzin?
The signs of an allergic reaction to Streptomyzin include hives, itching, rash, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. If these or other symptoms of an allergic reaction appear, stop taking this medication and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Can Streptomyzin be used to treat urinary tract infections?
Yes, Streptomyzin can be used to treat certain urinary tract infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. The dosage and route of administration will vary depending on the severity of the infection.
Can Streptomyzin be used to treat skin infections?
Yes, Streptomyzin can be used to treat certain types of skin infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. The dosage and route of administration will vary depending on the severity of the infection.
Is Streptomyzin effective against anaerobic bacteria?
No, Streptomyzin is only effective against aerobic bacteria. It should not be used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, such as Clostridium or Fusobacterium.
What is the usual dose of Streptomyzin?
The usual dose of Streptomyzin is 1 to 2 g per day, depending on the type and severity of the infection being treated. The exact dose and route of administration will be determined by your healthcare provider.
Can I take Streptomyzin with milk?
Yes, you can take Streptomyzin with milk. However, it is important to take it on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals.
Can Streptomyzin be taken with other antibiotics?
Yes, Streptomyzin can be taken with other antibiotics, as long as they are approved by your healthcare provider. Taking it with other antibiotics can reduce the risk of the bacteria developing resistance to the medication.
Can Streptomyzin cause hearing loss?
Yes, taking Streptomyzin can cause hearing loss in some individuals. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider if you experience any hearing loss while taking this medication.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Streptomyzin?
If you miss a dose of Streptomyzin, it is important to take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
Does Streptomyzin cause stomach upset?
Yes, Streptomyzin can cause stomach upset in some individuals. If this occurs, it is usually safe to take the medication with food or milk.
What is the rarest side effect of Streptomyzin?
The rarest side effect of Streptomyzin is a severe allergic reaction that can cause difficulty breathing, hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. If these symptoms occur, stop taking the medication and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Are there any long-term side effects of taking Streptomyzin?
In rare cases, long-term use of Streptomyzin can cause permanent hearing loss or kidney damage. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider about any long-term side effects you may be experiencing while taking this medication.
Is it safe to take Streptomyzin if I have kidney disease?
No, Streptomyzin should not be taken if you have kidney disease. The medication can cause kidney damage in some individuals, and should be avoided in those with pre-existing kidney problems.
Can Streptomyzin cause yeast infections?
Yes, taking Streptomyzin can increase the risk of developing a yeast infection. If this occurs, it is important to contact your healthcare provider for further treatment.
What is the best way to store Streptomyzin?
Streptomyzin should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct light and heat. It should be kept in its original container with the lid tightly closed.
Does Streptomyzin interact with supplements or herbs?
Yes, Streptomyzin can interact with certain supplements and herbs, such as St. John's wort. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider before taking any dietary supplements or herbs while taking this medication.
Can Streptomyzin be used to treat ear infections?
Yes, Streptomyzin can be used to treat certain ear infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. The exact dosage and route of administration will be determined by your healthcare provider.
What should I do if I experience dizziness while taking Streptomyzin?
If you experience dizziness while taking Streptomyzin, it is important to stop taking the medication and contact your healthcare provider. This side effect could indicate an underlying medical condition, and should be further evaluated by a healthcare professional.
Can Streptomyzin cause skin rashes?
Yes, taking Streptomyzin can cause skin rashes in some individuals. If this occurs, stop taking the medication and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
What should I do if I develop an infection while taking Streptomyzin?
If you develop an infection while taking Streptomyzin, it is important to contact your healthcare provider immediately. The infection may be resistant to the antibiotic, and a different medication may need to be prescribed.