Estreptomicina
Estreptomicina Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Estreptomicina is a brand name. Its generic name is Streptomycin.
Introduction
Estreptomicina is an antibiotic derived from a soil microorganism belonging to the Streptomyces family. It was the first antibiotic to be used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It is still commonly used to treat tuberculosis, anthrax, plague, meningitis, and some non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections.Uses
Estreptomicina is used to treat bacterial infections in the respiratory tract, digestive tract, urinary tract, and skin. It is also used to treat tuberculosis, anthrax infections, plague, meningitis, and some non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections.Mechanism of Action
Estreptomicina works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria cells. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents amino acid recognition. This interferes with the bacteria's ability to form new proteins, thus preventing bacterial growth and reproduction.How Long Does it Take to Work
Estreptomicina usually takes a few days to start working. However, the amount of time it takes for streptomycin to start working and the duration of treatment will depend on the type of infection being treated.Absorption
Estreptomicina is only minimally absorbed in the intestines and does not reach a therapeutic level in the blood.Route of Elimination
Estreptomicina is eliminated primarily through the kidneys, with the majority of the drug being excreted within 24 hours of administration.Dosage
The dosage of streptomycin depends on the type of infection being treated. Generally, a dose of 2 to 5 mg/kg (up to 1g) per day is used for adults. In children, a dose of 25-40 mg/kg per day is usually recommended.Administration
Estreptomicina is usually taken intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug should be injected slowly over a period of 3-5 minutes and should not be mixed with any other medications.Side Effects
Common side effects of streptomycin include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain. Less common side effects include blurred vision, dizziness, headache, rash, and hives.Toxicity
Estreptomicina is generally considered safe in average doses, though it may cause ototoxicity in some cases. Rarely, it may cause nephrotoxicity.Precautions
Patients should be monitored closely for signs of toxicity, particularly ototoxicity. Patients should also have their renal and auditory function monitored periodically to ensure that no adverse reactions occur.Interactions
Estreptomicina may interact with other medications, including antibiotics, antacids, and certain chemotherapy agents. Patients should inform their doctor of any medications they are taking before starting treatment with streptomycin.Disease Interactions
Patients with renal, auditory, or electrolyte imbalances should not use streptomycin. Patients should also be monitored closely if they have a history of renal, auditory, or electroconvulsive therapy.Drug Interactions
Estreptomicina may interact with some medications, including certain antibiotics, antacids, and certain chemotherapy agents. Patients should inform their doctor of any medications they are taking before starting treatment with streptomycin.Food Interactions
Estreptomicina should not be taken with dairy products or calcium-containing foods, as calcium can decrease the absorption of the medication.Pregnancy Use
Estreptomicina is generally not recommended for use in pregnant women.Lactation Use
Estreptomicina is generally not recommended for use in breastfeeding mothers.Acute Overdose
An overdose of streptomycin can cause serious side effects, including seizures, heart failure, and death. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if an overdose is suspected.Contraindication
Patients with a history of renal, auditory, or electrolyte imbalances should not use streptomycin.Use Direction
Estreptomicina should be taken exactly as prescribed by a doctor. Patients should not change dosages or abruptly stop taking streptomycin without speaking to their doctor first.Storage Condition
Estreptomicina should be stored in a cool, dry place at room temperature.Volume of Distribution
Estreptomicina has an average volume of distribution of 0.09 L/kg. This indicates that the drug is distributed to areas of the body where it is not effective, as it does not reach a therapeutic level in the bloodstream.Half Life
The half-life of streptomycin in adults is around 4-10 hours.Clearance
The clearance rate of streptomycin is around 6-12 hours.Here you find in details version of Estreptomicina
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Estreptomicina
.What is Estreptomicina?
Estreptomicina is an antibiotic that is derived from the actinomycete bacterium, Streptomyces griseus. It is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
What are the uses of Estreptomicina?
Estreptomicina is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, endocarditis, meningitis, plague, tularemia, and cholera. It is also used to treat certain other infections such as brucellosis, bacillary dysentery, and atypical pneumonia.
How does Estreptomicina work?
Estreptomicina works by preventing bacterial cells from forming the protein components that are essential for their reproduction. This ultimately results in the death of the bacteria, thereby curing the infection.
Is Estreptomicina safe?
Estreptomicina is generally safe when used as prescribed. However, there are a few potential side effects, such as dizziness, hearing loss, and trouble sleeping. In rare cases, it can also cause severe allergic reactions or kidney damage.
How is Estreptomicina administered?
Estreptomicina can be administered orally, intravenously, intramuscularly, or intraperitoneally. The route and dose of administration will vary depending on the type and severity of the infection being treated.
Who should not take Estreptomicina?
People who have a known hypersensitivity to streptomycin or other similar antibiotics should not take Estreptomicina. People who are pregnant or breastfeeding should consult their healthcare provider before taking this medication.
Is Estreptomicina antibiotic-resistant?
Resistance to streptomycin is not uncommon among some bacterial species and can vary from one type of bacteria to another. To reduce the likelihood of resistance, streptomycin should be used in combination with other antibiotics where possible.
When should Estreptomicina be taken?
It is generally recommended that Estreptomicina be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals. It should also be taken at evenly spaced intervals throughout the day as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Is it possible to become immune to Estreptomicina?
No, Estreptomicina does not cause the development of immunity. However, some bacterial strains can become resistant to its effects, making it less effective in treating certain infections.
How long does Estreptomicina take to work?
The effects of Estreptomicina can usually be seen within 24 to 48 hours of the start of treatment. Improvement in symptoms should continue as long as the medication is taken regularly.
What are the side effects of Estreptomicina?
The most common side effects of Estreptomicina include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headaches, and trouble sleeping. Rarely, it can also cause severe allergic reactions, hearing loss, and kidney damage.
Can Estreptomicina be used to treat viral infections?
No, Estreptomicina is an antibiotic and only effective against bacterial infections. It should not be used to treat viral infections, such as the common cold or influenza.
Can Estreptomicina be used by children?
Yes, Estreptomicina can be used by children. The dosage and route of administration will vary based on the child's age and the type of infection being treated.
Can Estreptomicina be taken with other medications?
Yes, Estreptomicina can be taken with other medications as directed by your healthcare provider. However, it is always a good idea to talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking any new medication.
Can Estreptomicina be taken while breastfeeding?
Yes, Estreptomicina can be taken while breastfeeding, although it is important to discuss this with your doctor before starting treatment. Some of the medication may pass through to the baby via breast milk, so your doctor may monitor the infant for any adverse effects.
What should I avoid while taking Estreptomicina?
It is important to avoid alcohol, caffeine, and other stimulants while taking Estreptomicina, as they can increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness or headaches. Additionally, it is important to avoid taking any other medications unless approved by your healthcare provider.
Is Estreptomicina available over-the-counter?
No, Estreptomicina is a prescription medication and must be obtained from a healthcare provider or pharmacy. It is not available over-the-counter.
Can Estreptomicina be taken long-term?
Estreptomicina can be taken long-term if it is prescribed by your healthcare provider. However, it is important to take it as prescribed in order to avoid any potential side effects or resistance.
Can Estreptomicina be taken with food?
It is generally recommended that Estreptomicina be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals. However, if you experience stomach upset after taking the medication, it is usually safe to take it with food.
Does Estreptomicina cause sun sensitivity?
Yes, Estreptomicina can increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight. It is important to use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors while taking Estreptomicina.
Does Estreptomicina interact with any other medications?
Yes, Estreptomicina can interact with certain medications, such as certain antacids, diuretics, probenecid, and birth control pills. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking before starting Estreptomicina.
What are the possible drug interactions of Estreptomicina?
Estreptomicina can interact with certain medications, such as antacids, diuretics, probenecid, and birth control pills. It can also interact with other antibiotics, making them less effective. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking before starting Estreptomicina.
What are the signs of an allergic reaction to Estreptomicina?
The signs of an allergic reaction to Estreptomicina include hives, itching, rash, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. If these or other symptoms of an allergic reaction appear, stop taking this medication and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Can Estreptomicina be used to treat urinary tract infections?
Yes, Estreptomicina can be used to treat certain urinary tract infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. The dosage and route of administration will vary depending on the severity of the infection.
Can Estreptomicina be used to treat skin infections?
Yes, Estreptomicina can be used to treat certain types of skin infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. The dosage and route of administration will vary depending on the severity of the infection.
Is Estreptomicina effective against anaerobic bacteria?
No, Estreptomicina is only effective against aerobic bacteria. It should not be used to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, such as Clostridium or Fusobacterium.
What is the usual dose of Estreptomicina?
The usual dose of Estreptomicina is 1 to 2 g per day, depending on the type and severity of the infection being treated. The exact dose and route of administration will be determined by your healthcare provider.
Can I take Estreptomicina with milk?
Yes, you can take Estreptomicina with milk. However, it is important to take it on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after meals.
Can Estreptomicina be taken with other antibiotics?
Yes, Estreptomicina can be taken with other antibiotics, as long as they are approved by your healthcare provider. Taking it with other antibiotics can reduce the risk of the bacteria developing resistance to the medication.
Can Estreptomicina cause hearing loss?
Yes, taking Estreptomicina can cause hearing loss in some individuals. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider if you experience any hearing loss while taking this medication.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Estreptomicina?
If you miss a dose of Estreptomicina, it is important to take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
Does Estreptomicina cause stomach upset?
Yes, Estreptomicina can cause stomach upset in some individuals. If this occurs, it is usually safe to take the medication with food or milk.
What is the rarest side effect of Estreptomicina?
The rarest side effect of Estreptomicina is a severe allergic reaction that can cause difficulty breathing, hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. If these symptoms occur, stop taking the medication and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Are there any long-term side effects of taking Estreptomicina?
In rare cases, long-term use of Estreptomicina can cause permanent hearing loss or kidney damage. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider about any long-term side effects you may be experiencing while taking this medication.
Is it safe to take Estreptomicina if I have kidney disease?
No, Estreptomicina should not be taken if you have kidney disease. The medication can cause kidney damage in some individuals, and should be avoided in those with pre-existing kidney problems.
Can Estreptomicina cause yeast infections?
Yes, taking Estreptomicina can increase the risk of developing a yeast infection. If this occurs, it is important to contact your healthcare provider for further treatment.
What is the best way to store Estreptomicina?
Estreptomicina should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct light and heat. It should be kept in its original container with the lid tightly closed.
Does Estreptomicina interact with supplements or herbs?
Yes, Estreptomicina can interact with certain supplements and herbs, such as St. John's wort. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider before taking any dietary supplements or herbs while taking this medication.
Can Estreptomicina be used to treat ear infections?
Yes, Estreptomicina can be used to treat certain ear infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. The exact dosage and route of administration will be determined by your healthcare provider.
What should I do if I experience dizziness while taking Estreptomicina?
If you experience dizziness while taking Estreptomicina, it is important to stop taking the medication and contact your healthcare provider. This side effect could indicate an underlying medical condition, and should be further evaluated by a healthcare professional.
Can Estreptomicina cause skin rashes?
Yes, taking Estreptomicina can cause skin rashes in some individuals. If this occurs, stop taking the medication and contact your healthcare provider immediately.
What should I do if I develop an infection while taking Estreptomicina?
If you develop an infection while taking Estreptomicina, it is important to contact your healthcare provider immediately. The infection may be resistant to the antibiotic, and a different medication may need to be prescribed.