Trazodone

Trazodone Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Trazodone is a brand name. Its generic name is Trazodone.

Trazodone Introduction

Trazodone is an antidepressant medication. It belongs to a class of drugs called serotonin modulators, which work by restoring the balance of serotonin in the brain. Commonly used to treat depression, it is also used to treat insomnia, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Trazodone Uses

Trazodone is used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, insomnia, and pain. It may be used as an adjunct to other medications to treat bipolar disorder. Additionally, it has been studied in managing symptoms of agitation and aggression in dementia.

Mechanism of Action

Trazodone works by blocking reuptake of serotonin at the serotonin transporter, thereby increasing serotonin activation in the brain. Additionally, it binds to the histamine receptors, resulting in an increase in histamine, which can also help to improve mood.

How Long Does it Take to Work?

Trazodone usually begins to work within a few days to a week. It may take several weeks to reach the best therapeutic benefit for full symptom relief. If symptoms are not improving or are worsening, contact your doctor.

Absorption

Trazodone is rapidly absorbed, with peak plasma concentrations achieved within 2 hours. It is highly lipid soluble and is widely distributed throughout the body tissues.

Route of Elimination

Trazodone is metabolized mainly by the liver. It is eliminated primarily in the urine as the parent compound or an active metabolite.

Dosage

The usual dosages of trazodone are 150 to 600 mg taken orally, once daily, preferably in the evening. Depending on the individual, dosage can be increased or decreased. It is recommended to start at the lower end of the dosage range and gradually increase it as needed.

Administration

Trazodone should be taken orally, typically with food. It should not be crushed, chewed, or spat out due to the possibility of developing significant side effects. It may be taken with or without food.

Side Effects

Common side effects of trazodone include headaches, dizziness, nausea, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, fatigue, and weight gain. Other less common, more serious side effects are possible. These include confusion, seizures, excessive sweating, tremors, difficulty breathing, increased heart rate, rash, and signs of an allergic reaction.

Toxicity

Trazodone has a moderately low toxicity level as long as it is used as directed. The most common side effects of an overdose include drowsiness, fast heart rate, nausea, vomiting, confusion, and difficulty breathing.

Precautions

Trazodone should not be used in patients with serious liver or kidney disease, bipolar disorder, or those taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Caution should be used in those with a history of seizures or glaucoma. It should not be used in children under the age of 18.

Interactions

Trazodone may interact with other medications, including antidepressants, antianxiety medications, antihistamines, and antipsychotics. Alcohol should not be combined with trazodone, as it can increase the risk of adverse effects.

Disease Interactions

Trazodone should be used with caution in those with a history of seizures, mania, glaucoma, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, hyponatremia, arrhythmia, or recent myocardial infarction. It should also be used with caution in those with hypertension or cardiac or cerebrovascular disease.

Drug Interactions

Trazodone may interact with other medications, including antidepressants, benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, and antipsychotics. It should not be taken with alcohol or St. John’s Wort. If trazodone is used with other medications, the patient should be monitored for any potential adverse effects.

Food Interactions

Trazodone should be taken with food, but should not be taken with grapefruit or grapefruit juice, as this may increase the risk of side effects.

Pregnancy Use

Trazodone is not recommended for use in pregnant women, as it may cause birth defects. If use is necessary, the lowest effective dose should be used and the patient should be closely monitored. Women who are pregnant or attempting to become pregnant should notify their doctor.

Lactation Use

Trazodone is not recommended for use in lactating women, as it is not known if it is excreted in breast milk. Women who are breastfeeding should consult their doctor before taking this medication.

Acute Overdose

Signs of an overdose may include drowsiness, confusion, fast heart rate, nausea, vomiting, feeling of faint, and difficulty breathing. If overdose is suspected, call the Poison Control helpline (1-800-222-1222) and seek medical attention immediately.

Contraindication

Trazodone should not be used in those with a known hypersensitivity to trazodone, or those taking MAOI inhibitors. It should also not be used with alcohol and should be used with caution in those with a history of seizures, mania, glaucoma, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, hyponatremia, arrhythmia, or recent myocardial infarction.

Use Direction

Trazodone should be taken orally, typically with food. The dose range is 150-600 mg taken once daily, preferably in the evening. It should not be crushed, chewed, or spat out due to the possibility of increased side effects. It may be taken with or without food.

Storage Conditions

Trazodone should be stored at room temperature, away from light and moisture. It should not be stored in the bathroom or near a sink.

Volume of Distribution

Trazodone has a large volume of distribution, with a volume of distribution of approximately 1 L/kg.

Half Life

Trazodone has a long half-life of approximately 6 to 9 hours, and elimination half-life of 8 to 16 hours.

Clearance

Trazodone has a clearance of approximately 274 mL/min, with a hepatic clearance of approximately 72% and a renal clearance of approximately 28%.

Here you find in details version of Trazodone

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Trazodone

What is trazodone?

Trazodone is an antidepressant medication used primarily to treat depression, both in the short-term and long-term. It can also be used off-label for various other conditions, such as anxiety, insomnia, agitation, pain and sleep disorders.

Is trazodone habit-forming?

No, but it can be habit-forming if not taken as prescribed. Trazodone should be taken exactly as prescribed by a doctor. Never take more than the prescribed dose or stop taking the medication without the advice of a doctor.

What is the usual dose for trazodone?

The usual dose for treating depression is 150mg to 300mg a day, taken in divided doses. However, your doctor will determine the best dosage for you based on your individual needs.

How long does trazodone take to work?

Trazodone kicks in within hours, with the full effects usually occurring within a week. However, it may take several weeks to feel the full benefit of the medication.

How should I take trazodone?

It is best to take trazodone with food to reduce the chance of nausea and stomach upset. It is also important to take the medication at the same time each day, preferably in the evening or at bedtime.

Can I drink alcohol while taking trazodone?

No, it is not recommended to drink alcohol while taking trazodone. Alcohol can interfere with the effectiveness of the medication and can cause drowsiness or sedation. Do not combine alcohol with trazodone.

Which other medications should not be taken with trazodone?

Certain other drugs can interact with trazodone, including sedatives, hypnotics, tramadol, MAO inhibitors, cimetidine, digoxin and lithium. Tell your doctor about any other medications you are taking before starting trazodone.

Should I take trazodone if I'm pregnant?

Trazodone should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Speak to your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant while taking trazodone.

Does trazodone cause weight gain?

Weight gain is a possible side effect of taking trazodone. If you experience weight gain while taking trazodone, contact your doctor for advice on how to manage it.

Are there any side effects of taking trazodone?

Trazodone may cause side effects such as drowsiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, dizziness and changes in sexual desire. If any of these side effects persist or worsen, contact your doctor.

What should I do if I miss a dose of trazodone?

If you miss a dose of trazodone, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, just skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule.

Is trazodone safe for elderly people?

Trazodone is generally considered safe for elderly people, although elderly individuals may be more sensitive to the side effects of the medication. The dosage may need to be adjusted for elderly people as well.

Does trazodone have any interactions with other drugs?

Yes, certain drugs may interact with trazodone. Tell your doctor about all medications and supplements that you are taking before starting a course of trazodone.

Can trazodone cause suicidal thoughts or actions?

Although rare, suicidal thoughts or actions may occur in some people taking trazodone. It is important to notify your doctor immediately if you experience any depressive or suicidal thoughts. Talk to your doctor if you are experiencing any changes in mood or behavior.

What are the common side effects of trazodone?

The most common side effects of trazodone include drowsiness, headache, nausea, dizziness, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and changes in sexual desire. If any of these effects persist or worsen, contact your doctor.

Is trazodone used to treat anxiety?

Yes, trazodone can be used off-label for treating anxiety. It is not approved by the FDA for this purpose, but may be prescribed by some doctors for reducing anxiety.

Can I suddenly stop taking trazodone?

No, do not suddenly stop taking trazodone without first consulting your doctor. Discontinuing trazodone suddenly can cause withdrawal symptoms, such as nausea, dizziness, irritability and headache.

Can children take trazodone?

Trazodone is not usually prescribed for children. If it is prescribed for a child, it should only be done so after a careful consideration of the potential risks and benefits.

What other mental health conditions can trazodone treat?

Trazodone can be used off-label for treating various other mental health conditions, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, eating disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder.

What if I forget to take my trazodone dose?

If you forget to take a dose of trazodone, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, just skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule.

Can elderly people take trazodone?

Yes, trazodone is generally considered safe for elderly people, although elderly individuals may be more sensitive to the side effects of the medication. Dosages may need to be adjusted in elderly people, so it is important to talk to a doctor regarding the risks and benefits.

Can trazodone cause sleepiness?

Yes, trazodone can cause drowsiness or sedation as a side effect. It is best to take trazodone at bedtime, so that any drowsiness can occur during the night while sleeping. Do not take trazodone before engaging in activities that require alertness.

What should I do if I experience side effects while taking trazodone?

If you experience any side effects while taking trazodone, talk to your doctor. Depending on the type and severity of your side effects, the doctor may wish to adjust your dose, switch you to another medication, or monitor your condition closely.

What are the most common side effects of trazodone?

The most common side effects of trazodone include drowsiness, headache, nausea, dizziness, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and changes in sexual desire. If any of these effects persist or worsen, contact your doctor.

What is trazodone used for?

Trazodone is an antidepressant medication used primarily to treat depression, both in the short-term and long-term. It can also be used off-label for various other conditions, such as anxiety, insomnia, agitation, pain and sleep disorders.

Can I take trazodone while breastfeeding?

Trazodone has the potential to pass into breast milk and should only be used while breastfeeding if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the baby. It is important to talk to your doctor before taking trazodone if you are breastfeeding.

Can trazodone cause liver damage?

Yes, there have been reports of trazodone causing liver damage in rare cases. Talk to your doctor if you experience any symptoms of liver damage, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, light-colored stools, or abdominal pain and vomiting.

Is trazodone a controlled substance?

No, trazodone is not a controlled substance. It is classified as a piperazine antidepressant, and is available with a prescription from your doctor.

Is it safe to take trazodone long-term?

Yes, trazodone can be taken for long-term treatments of depression. It is important to talk to your doctor about any concerns you have when using this medication.

Can trazodone cause blurred vision?

Yes, blurred vision is a possible side effect of trazodone. If you experience any changes in vision while taking trazodone, contact your doctor for advice.

Can I take trazodone with other antidepressants?

Yes, trazodone can be taken with other antidepressants. However, be sure to tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you are taking before starting a course of trazodone.

Will it help to take trazodone in the morning if I have difficulty sleeping?

No, trazodone should not be taken in the morning if you are having difficulty sleeping. It is best to take trazodone in the evening or at bedtime, as it can cause drowsiness or sedation.

Can trazodone be taken with other medications?

Yes, trazodone can be taken with other medications. However, certain medications may interact with trazodone, so it is important to tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you are taking before starting a course of trazodone.

What are the long-term effects of taking trazodone?

The long-term effects of taking trazodone are not yet fully known. However, research suggests that some side effects (such as weight gain, fatigue and sexual dysfunction) may persist beyond the treatment period. If you experience any long-term side effects, talk to your doctor.

Can trazodone be taken with other antidepressants?

Yes, trazodone can be taken with other antidepressants. However, it is important to tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you are taking before starting a course of trazodone.

Does trazodone increase heart rate?

Yes, trazodone can cause an increase in heart rate as a side effect. If you experience any increasing or irregular heart rate while taking trazodone, contact your doctor.

Can trazodone help with insomnia?

Yes, trazodone can be used off-label to help with insomnia. It can also be used to treat anxiety, pain, agitation and other sleep disorders.

What are the potential side effects of taking trazodone?

The potential side effects of taking trazodone include drowsiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, dizziness and changes in sexual desire. If any of these effects persist or worsen, contact your doctor.

Can trazodone help with depression?

Yes, trazodone is an antidepressant medication used to treat depression in the short-term and long-term. It can also be used off-label for other conditions, such as anxiety, insomnia, agitation, pain and sleep disorders.

Can trazodone be used to treat bipolar disorder?

Yes, trazodone can be used off-label to treat bipolar disorder. However, it should be used in combination with other medications to manage the condition. Talk to your doctor about the efficacy and side effects of using trazodone to treat bipolar disorder.

Can I take trazodone if I take other medications?

Yes, trazodone can be taken with other medications, although certain drugs may interact with trazodone. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications and supplements that you are taking before starting a course of trazodone.

Can trazodone cause headaches?

Yes, headache is a possible side effect of taking trazodone.