Cephazolin

Cephazolin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Cephazolin is a brand name. Its generic name is Cefazolin.

Cephazolin Introduction

Cephazolin, also known as cephazolin or Kefzol®, is an antibiotic in the medication class known as cephalosporins. Cephazolin is used to treat certain bacterial infections, including those of the skin, respiratory tract, bone, urinary tract, and some soft tissue infections. It can also be used to prevent certain infections prior to surgery. Cephazolin is administered by intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) injection, as well as orally.

Uses For

Cephazolin is used to treat infections caused by certain bacteria. These include infections of the skin, respiratory tract, bones, urinary tract, and some soft tissue infections. Cephazolin can also be used in some pre-operative procedures to prevent certain infections prior to surgery.

Mechanism of Action

Cephazolin works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, therefore preventing the growth and division of bacterial cells. Cephazolin binds to penicillin-binding proteins, and this binding prevents bacteria from properly forming their cell walls. This renders the bacteria unable to grow and divide effectively, leading to their eventual death.

How long does it take to work?

Cephazolin typically begins to work within a few hours of being administered. However, the length of time it takes for the infection to be completely cured may depend on the type of infection. Some infections may require multiple doses to be completely cured.

Absorption

Cephazolin is only slightly absorbed when taken by mouth. Most of the medication is destroyed by the digestive system and therefore must be administered by an intravenous or intramuscular injection. Intramuscular doses have a higher bioavailability than intravenous doses.

Route of Elimination

Cephazolin is eliminated from the body primarily through the kidneys. Approximately 70-80% of a given dose is eliminated by the kidneys, while a smaller amount is eliminated via the feces.

Dosage

The dosing for Cephazolin typically depend on the type of infection, the severity of the infection, the patient’s age and size, and any other existing medical conditions that may affect the patient’s response to the drug. Generally, in adults, the recommended dose of Cephazolin is 500 mg intravenously or intramuscularly every 8 hours. In pediatrics, the dosage is 20-50 mg/kg/day divided into two or three doses.

Administration

Cephazolin is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Common intravenous administration routes include a saline lock, a central line, or a peripheral line. Common intramuscular injection sites include the deltoid muscle, vastus lateralis, and gluteal muscles.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Cephazolin include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, labored breathing, rash, hives, itching, fever, chills, sore throat, abdominal pain, jaundice, and anemia. More serious side effects may include allergic reactions, seizures, liver toxicity, or kidney dysfunction.

Toxicity

Cephazolin is generally considered a safe and effective antibiotic when taken as directed. However, toxicity can occur if the drug is taken in excess. Overdose symptoms may include confusion, coma, rapid heart rate, and seizures. An overdose of Cephazolin can be serious and potentially life threatening.

Precaution

Cephazolin should be used with caution in individuals who have a history of allergic reactions to other antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins. This drug should also be used with caution in patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding, and those with kidney or liver diseases. Cephazolin should also be used with caution or avoided in patients who are taking other medications that may interact with the drug.

Interaction

Cephazolin may interact with certain medications, such as antacids, calcium-containing drugs, corticosteroids, and other antibiotics. This drug may also interact with oral contraceptives, sulfa drugs, and probenecid, which may lead to an increased risk of side effects or reduced efficacy of Cephazolin. It is important to speak with a doctor or pharmacist about any medications currently being taken, before taking Cephazolin.

Disease Interaction

Cephazolin may not be recommended in certain diseases due to potential interactions with other medications or underlying conditions. Conditions such as kidney disease, liver disease, HIV/AIDS, and any blood disorders may increase the risk of adverse effects from Cephazolin. A doctor should be consulted before taking Cephazolin if any of these conditions apply.

Drug Interaction

Cephazolin may interact with certain drugs and increase the risk of adverse effects. Drugs such as certain antibiotics, antacids, calcium-containing medications, oral contraceptives, probenecid, and sulfa drugs may affect the way Cephazolin is metabolized in the body. Therefore, it is important that a doctor or pharmacist be consulted prior to taking Cephazolin if any of these medications are currently being taken.

Food Interactions

Cephazolin may interact with certain foods and beverages, leading to reduced effectiveness or an increased risk of side effects. Alcohol should be avoided when taking Cephazolin, as it may increase the risk of adverse effects. Additionally, dietary supplements such as calcium and vitamins should not be taken at the same time as Cephazolin. A doctor should be consulted before taking any dietary supplements or foods while taking Cephazolin.

Pregnancy Use

Cephazolin is generally not recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy due to potential risks of fetal harm. However, it may be used in the second or third trimesters if the benefits outweigh the risks. It is important to consult a doctor prior to taking Cephazolin if pregnancy is planned or suspected.

Lactation Use

Cephazolin is generally not recommended during lactation due to potential risks to the infant. If the benefits of taking Cephazolin outweigh the risks, it may be taken while breastfeeding. It is important to consult a doctor prior to taking Cephazolin if breastfeeding.

Acute Overdose

An overdose of Cephazolin can be serious and should be treated quickly. Common symptoms of an overdose include confusion, dizziness, rapid heart rate, and seizures. In the event of an overdose, the patient should seek immediate medical help or contact a poison control center.

Contraindication

Cephazolin should not be taken if the patient is allergic to the medication or any of its components. Cephazolin should also be avoided by those with a history of anaphylaxis or severe allergies to other antibiotics, such as penicillin. It is important to consult a doctor if it is unknown if a patient has any of these conditions.

Use Direction

Cephazolin should always be taken exactly as prescribed by a doctor. The dosage, frequency, and route of administration should never be altered without the prior approval of a doctor. Patients should follow any other instructions or warnings given by their doctor.

Storage Condition

Cephazolin should be stored at room temperature in a sealed container. It should be kept away from heat, moisture, and light. It should also be kept out of reach of children and pets.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution of Cephazolin is approximately 8-20 L/kg. This means that the drug can be found in almost all tissues of the body, including the brain, liver, kidneys, heart, and lungs.

Half Life

The half life of Cephazolin is approximately 1.2-2 hours in adults and 1.7-4 hours in children.

Clearance

The clearance of Cephazolin is typically 3-8 mL/min/kg in adults and 4-8 mL/min/kg in children. This means that the kidneys can clear the drug from the body much faster than other organs such as the liver.

Here you find in details version of Cephazolin

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Cephazolin

What is Cephazolin used for?

Cephazolin is an antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections, including skin and soft tissue infections, lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and bone and joint infections.

What is Cephazolin injection?

Cephazolin injection is an antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It is given as an intravenous (IV) injection, or as an infusion. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

How does Cephazolin work?

Cephazolin works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell wall, thereby stopping the bacteria from multiplying and causing infection. It is effective against a wide range of bacteria that cause skin and soft tissue infections, lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and bone and joint infections.

What is the dosage for Cephazolin?

The recommended dose of Cephazolin depends on the indication, the age, and the weight of the patient. The usual adult dose is 1 to 2 grams every 12 hours, or 1 gram every 8 hours, depending on the severity of the infection. The usual pediatric dose is 20 to 50 milligrams per kilogram body weight every 12 hours.

How long does it take for Cephazolin to start working?

It usually takes about 1 to 2 days for Cephazolin to start working. In most cases, the symptoms will start to improve after the first few doses. It is important to continue taking the medication as prescribed by your doctor until the infection is completely gone.

What are the common side effects of Cephazolin?

The most common side effects of Cephazolin include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rashes or itching, and headache. Other more serious side effects include anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction), seizures, loss of vision, and liver damage. If you experience any of these side effects, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.

Is Cephazolin safe to take during pregnancy?

Cephazolin is generally safe to take during pregnancy, however it is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor before starting any medication. There are no adequate studies reporting its safety in pregnancy, so it is recommended to use Cephazolin with caution if you are pregnant.

Can I take Cephazolin if I have a kidney or liver disease?

Cephazolin should be used with caution if you have a kidney or liver disease, as this may affect the way the medication is metabolized and excreted from your body. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor before starting any medication.

Can I buy Cephazolin over the counter?

No, Cephazolin is a prescription medication and can only be obtained with a valid prescription from your doctor.

Does Cephazolin cause drowsiness?

No, Cephazolin does not usually cause drowsiness. However, it is important to note that some people may experience drowsiness or dizziness while taking Cephazolin. If you experience any of these side effects, it is important to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Cephazolin?

It is not recommended to drink alcohol while taking Cephazolin, as alcohol can interfere with the effect of the medication and lead to an increased risk of side effects. It is best to discuss your alcohol intake with your doctor before starting Cephazolin.

What foods and drugs should I avoid while taking Cephazolin?

You should avoid foods and drugs that contain probenecid, as this may interfere with the absorption of Cephazolin and reduce its effectiveness. It is also important to discuss any other medications that you are taking with your doctor before starting a course of Cephazolin.

Is it safe to take Cephazolin for a long time?

Cephazolin is generally considered to be safe to take for a long time. However, it is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor before starting any medication. In some cases, long-term use may increase your risk of side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache.

Is Cephazolin better than other antibiotics?

Cephazolin is effective against a wide range of bacterial infections. It is often considered to be a good option for treating skin and soft tissue infections, lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and bone and joint infections. However, it is important to discuss the best option for your particular infection with your doctor.

Can I take Cephazolin with other medications?

Yes, Cephazolin can be taken with other medications. However, it is important to discuss all your medications with your doctor, as some medications may interact with Cephazolin and increase the risk of side effects. It is also important to avoid foods and drugs that contain probenecid, as this may interfere with the absorption of Cephazolin and reduce its effectiveness.

Can Cephazolin be used to treat a viral infection?

No, Cephazolin is an antibiotic and is only effective against bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections such as the common cold or the flu.

Can Cephazolin be used to treat a yeast infection?

No, Cephazolin is an antibiotic and is only effective against bacterial infections. It will not work for yeast infections.

Can Cephazolin be taken with food?

Yes, Cephazolin can be taken with food. However, it is important to take it with a full glass of water. If taking it in liquid form, it is important to shake the bottle well before taking each dose.

If I miss a dose of Cephazolin, what should I do?

If you miss a dose of Cephazolin, it is important to take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, it is best to skip the missed dose and take the next dose on time. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed dose.

Is there an alternative to Cephazolin?

Yes, there are a number of alternatives to Cephazolin. These include penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides. It is important to discuss the best option for your particular infection with your doctor.

What should I do if I have an allergic reaction to Cephazolin?

If you experience any signs of an allergic reaction to Cephazolin, such as itching or rash, it is important to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening reaction and requires immediate medical attention.

Can I stop taking Cephazolin when the symptoms improve?

No, it is important to take Cephazolin for the full course of treatment even if the symptoms improve. Stopping the medication too soon can lead to the bacteria becoming resistant to the antibiotic and reoccurrence of the infection.

Can I take Cephazolin if I have a history of allergic reactions?

Yes, Cephazolin can be taken if you have a history of allergic reactions. However, it is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor before starting any medication. Your doctor may perform an allergy test to determine if you are at an increased risk of an allergic reaction to Cephazolin.

Is Cephazolin safe for children?

Yes, Cephazolin is generally safe for children. However, the dosage must be carefully adjusted according to the child's age and weight. It is important to discuss the best option for your child with your doctor or pediatrician.

Can I take Cephazolin with pain medications?

Yes, Cephazolin can be taken with pain medications, as long as they do not contain probenecid. It is important to discuss any other medications that you are taking with your doctor before starting a course of Cephazolin.

Can Cephazolin interact with any other medications?

Yes, Cephazolin can interact with certain other medications. It is important to discuss all your medications with your doctor, as some medications may interact with Cephazolin and increase the risk of side effects. These medications may include pain medications, antacids, diuretics, and heart medications.

Is Cephazolin available as a generic or brand-name medication?

Cephazolin is available as both a generic and brand-name medication. Generic medications are usually cheaper than brand-name medications. It is important to discuss the best option for your particular situation with your doctor.

What should I do if I experience an adverse reaction to Cephazolin?

If you experience any adverse reactions to Cephazolin, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Examples of adverse reactions include skin rashes, difficulty breathing, chest pain, or seizures.

What is the difference between Cephazolin and Cephalexin?

Cephazolin and Cephalexin are both antibiotics that belong to the same class of drugs (cephalosporins). Cephazolin is usually used to treat skin and soft tissue infections, lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and bone and joint infections, while Cephalexin is usually used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including skin infections, respiratory infections, and urinary tract infections.

Are there any long-term side effects of Cephazolin?

Long-term use of Cephazolin may increase your risk of side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor before starting any medication.

What should I do if I experience severe diarrhea while taking Cephazolin?

If you experience severe diarrhea while taking Cephazolin, it is important to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately. Severe diarrhea can be a sign of a more serious infection or an adverse reaction to the medication.

Can Cephazolin be taken with other antibiotics?

Yes, Cephazolin can be taken with other antibiotics, as long as they do not interact with each other. It is important to discuss any other medications that you are taking with your doctor before starting a course of Cephazolin.

Does Cephazolin affect birth control?

Yes, Cephazolin may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor before starting any medication. Your doctor may recommend an alternative birth control method while you are taking Cephazolin.

Do I need to finish the entire course of Cephazolin even if I start to feel better?

Yes, it is important to take Cephazolin for the full course of treatment even if the symptoms improve. Stopping the medication too soon can lead to the bacteria becoming resistant to the antibiotic and reoccurrence of the infection.

How often should I get laboratory tests while taking Cephazolin?

Your doctor may recommend blood tests or other laboratory tests before and during the course of treatment with Cephazolin. It is important to follow your doctor’s instructions regarding laboratory tests, as this can help to ensure the effectiveness of the medication and reduce your risk of side effects.

What should I do if I forget to take a dose of Cephazolin?

If you forget to take a dose of Cephazolin, it is important to take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, it is best to skip the missed dose and take the next dose on time. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed dose.

How long does Cephazolin stay in your system?

Cephazolin is usually eliminated from the body within 24