Zolpidem

Zolpidem Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Zolpidem is a brand name. Its generic name is Zolpidem.

Introduction of Zolpidem

Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic medication that is used to help people sleep. It is commonly known under the brand name Ambien, and it works by shortening the time it takes to fall asleep, and helping people stay asleep for longer periods of time. Zolpidem belongs to a group of drugs called the non-benzodiazepines, which have similar effects to the benzodiazepines, such as Valium and Xanax.

Uses for Zolpidem

Zolpidem is mainly used in the short-term treatment of insomnia. It can also be used for the relief of symptoms of sudden withdrawal of alcohol and other sedatives, and for the treatment of panic attacks and other anxiety disorders. Zolpidem can also be prescribed for chronic pain, headaches and other sleep disorders.

Mechanism of Action

Zolpidem works by increasing the activity of the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain. It binds to the GABA receptors, which produces a calming effect in the brain. The exact mechanism through which it works is still unknown, but it is believed that the drug helps to stimulate specific neurons that are involved in achieving a state of relaxation.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

The effects of Zolpidem can usually be felt within 10–15 minutes after taking it, and usually lasts for up to 8 hours. It is recommended to take the drug about 1–2 hours before bedtime, as this will give the drug time to be absorbed into the bloodstream and begin its effects.

Absorption

Zolpidem is absorbed quickly from the gastrointestinal tract, at a rate of approximately 90 percent. It has a bioavailability of 70-86 percent and a terminal elimination half-life of around 3–5 hours.

Route of Elimination

Zolpidem is eliminated mainly by metabolism, and only about 10 percent is eliminated unchanged in the urine. It is mostly eliminated through the kidneys via the renal system.

Dosage

Zolpidem comes in several different forms of oral tablets, such as immediate release (Ambien, Ambien CR), extended release (Edluar, Intermezzo), and sublingual tablets (Zolpimist). Each form has a different dosage and should only be taken as directed by a doctor.

Immediate Release:

• Adults—5 or 10 mg once a day, just before going to bed
• Elderly—5 mg once a day
• People with liver disease—5 mg once a day

Extended Release:

• Adults—6.25 mg once a day, just before going to bed
• Elderly—6.25 mg once a day
• People with liver disease—6.25 mg once a day

Sublingual Tablets:

• Adults—5 mg once a day, just before bedtime
• Elderly—5 mg once a day
• People with liver disease—5 mg every other day

Administration

The usual method of administration for Zolpidem is by oral tablet. It is recommended to take the drug just before bedtime, as this will help to maximize its effects. It is important to read the directions before taking the medication, as some forms may need to be taken on an empty stomach.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Zolpidem can include drowsiness, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, fatigue, lightheadedness, and diarrhea. Serious side effects can include breathing difficulties, memory loss, confusion, depression, and suicidal thoughts.

Toxicity

The lethal dose of Zolpidem is not known; however, an overdose of the drug can be dangerous and even deadly. Symptoms of an overdose can include confusion, shortness of breath, depressed breathing, coma, and death.

Precautions

Zolpidem should not be taken if you have any of the following conditions: severe liver or kidney disease, sleep apnea, severe depression, alcohol or other drug abuse, or if you are pregnant or nursing.

Interactions

Zolpidem can interact with certain medications, such as antidepressants, antifungals, or seizure medications. It can also interact with alcohol, so it is important to avoid consuming alcohol while taking the medication. It is important to tell your doctor about any medications you are taking before taking Zolpidem.

Disease Interactions

Zolpidem can worsen certain medical conditions, such as dementia, glaucoma, asthma, and depression. It can also make certain medical conditions worse, such as sleep apnea, high blood pressure, and seizure disorders.

Drug Interactions

Zolpidem can interact with certain medications, such as antidepressants, antifungals, or seizure medications. It is important to tell your doctor about any medications you are taking before taking Zolpidem.

Food Interactions

Zolpidem can interact with certain foods, such as dairy products, grapefruit, and alcohol. It is important to tell your doctor about any foods you are consuming when taking Zolpidem.

Pregnancy Use

Zolpidem is not recommended for use during pregnancy due to the potential risks it poses to the unborn child. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it is important to discuss the risks with your doctor before taking the medication.

Lactation Use

Zolpidem is not recommended for use during lactation due to the potential risks it poses to the infant. If you are breast-feeding or planning to breast-feed, it is important to discuss the risks with your doctor before taking the medication.

Acute Overdose

Symptoms of an overdose of Zolpidem can include confusion, shortness of breath, depressed breathing, coma, and death. If an overdose is suspected, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.

Contraindication

Zolpidem is contraindicated in patients with severe liver or kidney disease, sleep apnea, severe depression, alcohol or other drug abuse, or if you are pregnant or nursing.

Use Direction

Zolpidem should only be taken as directed by a doctor. It is recommended to take the drug just before bedtime, as this will help to maximize its effects. It is important to read the directions before taking the medication, as some forms may need to be taken on an empty stomach.

Storage Condition

Zolpidem should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct light and moisture. It should also be kept out of the reach of children and pets. The tablets should not be crushed or chewed, as this may result in over-dosage.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution of Zolpidem is 0.63 L/kg, meaning that it is distributed evenly throughout the body. This means that the drug can be taken orally and is absorbed quickly into the bloodstream and distributed to the tissues and organs of the body.

Half Life

The elimination half-life of Zolpidem is around 3–5 hours, meaning it will take about five hours for half of the drug to be eliminated from the body. This indicates that it will take about 15–25 hours for the drug to be completely eliminated from the body.

Clearance

The clearance of Zolpidem is about 6.6 L/h, meaning that it is removed from the body at a rate of 6.6 liters per hour. This indicates that it takes about six hours for the drug to be eliminated from the body.

Here you find in details version of Zolpidem

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Zolpidem

What is Zolpidem?

Zolpidem is a prescription sedative-hypnotic medication used to treat insomnia. It is available under the brand name Ambien or its generic name Zolpidem.

What are the common side effects of Zolpidem?

The most common side effects of Zolpidem are drowsiness, dizziness,lightheadedness, clumsiness, unsteadiness, and headache.

How long does Zolpidem stay in your system?

Zolpidem has a half-life of approximately two to three hours, so it typically leaves your system in six to 8 hours after taking a single dose.

What are the different strengths of Zolpidem?

Zolpidem is available in two different strengths: 5 mg and 10 mg. Your doctor will determine which strength is best for you depending on your particular health condition and response to the medication.

What is the difference between Zolpidem and Ambien?

Zolpidem is the generic name for the prescription medication Ambien. Both medications contain the same active ingredient, zolpidem, and are used to treat insomnia.

What is the maximum daily dose of Zolpidem?

The maximum recommended daily dose of Zolpidem is 10 mg. If your doctor prescribes a higher dose, you should take only the amount prescribed and not exceed the maximum amount.

Is Zolpidem habit-forming?

Yes, Zolpidem can be habit-forming if taken in larger doses than recommended or for longer than prescribed. It is important to take the medication only as prescribed by your doctor.

Can Zolpidem be taken with other medications?

Zolpidem may interact with other medications. It is important to tell your doctor about any other medications you are taking before starting Zolpidem.

What are the potential risks associated with Zolpidem?

The most common potential risks associated with Zolpidem include dizziness, confusion, memory problems, unsteadiness, and day-time drowsiness. Long-term use can also lead to dependence on the medication and withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly.

Can Zolpidem be used long-term?

Long-term use of Zolpidem is not recommended. Zolpidem should be used for the shortest amount of time possible and only when necessary. Your doctor may adjust your dose or frequency of use to help minimize any potential risks associated with long-term use.

Can Zolpidem be used on an as-needed basis?

Yes, Zolpidem can be used on an as-needed basis. However, you should take the entire prescribed dose as recommended by your doctor. Do not take more or less than the prescribed amount.

Can Zolpidem be used for sleepwalking and sleep eating?

Yes, Zolpidem can be used to treat sleepwalking and sleep eating. In some cases, it may be prescribed alongside other medications to treat these conditions.

Is Zolpidem effective for treating insomnia?

Yes, Zolpidem is effective for treating insomnia. It works by slowing down brain activity and allowing the user to fall asleep more quickly and stay asleep longer.

Can Zolpidem be taken with alcohol?

No, Zolpidem should not be taken with alcohol. Alcohol and Zolpidem both have a sedative effect on the body, which can lead to excessive sedation and an increased risk of serious side effects.

Can Zolpidem cause memory problems?

Yes, Zolpidem can cause memory problems. Common side effects include confusion, forgetfulness, and difficulty recalling information. Be sure to talk to your doctor about any memory problems that may occur.

Should Zolpidem be taken during pregnancy?

No, Zolpidem should not be taken during pregnancy. There is not enough evidence to suggest that it is safe to use during pregnancy, so it is best to avoid taking it.

Can Zolpidem be taken by people with liver or kidney problems?

Yes, Zolpidem can be taken by people with kidney or liver problems, however the dose may need to be adjusted. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you based on your health condition.

Does Zolpidem cause weight gain or loss?

No, Zolpidem does not typically cause weight gain or loss. It is possible that you may experience appetite changes while taking this medication, but this is not a common side effect.

Can Zolpidem be taken with antidepressants?

Yes, Zolpidem can be taken with antidepressants. However, it is important to talk to your doctor before taking any medications together as there may be drug interactions. Your doctor will determine the best dosage and treatment plan for you.

Is Zolpidem safe for elderly people?

Yes, Zolpidem is safe for elderly people, however the dose may need to be adjusted. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you based on your health condition.

Are there any over-the-counter sleep aids similar to Zolpidem?

No, there are no over-the-counter sleep aids that are similar to Zolpidem. Zolpidem is a prescription medication and should only be taken as directed by your doctor.

Does Zolpidem cause a hangover?

No, Zolpidem does not typically cause a hangover. However, it is possible to experience some memory and concentration problems the day after taking Zolpidem. If this occurs, talk to your doctor.

Can children take Zolpidem?

No, Zolpidem should not be used by children. It is not recommended for use in children under 18 years of age.

Does Zolpidem interact with other medications?

Yes, Zolpidem can interact with other medications. It is important to tell your doctor about any other medications you are taking before starting Zolpidem. This will allow your doctor to adjust the dosage and frequency of the medication if necessary.

Will I become addicted to Zolpidem?

It is possible to become addicted to Zolpidem if taken in larger doses than recommended or for longer than prescribed. It is important to take the medication only as prescribed by your doctor.

Can Zolpidem be used to treat anxiety?

No, Zolpidem is not typically used to treat anxiety. It is used as a sleep aid, so if you are having difficulty sleeping due to anxiety, talk to your doctor about other treatments that may be appropriate.

At what age can Zolpidem be used?

Zolpidem is not recommended for use in children under 18 years of age. Some manufacturers may include specific guidelines for use in adolescents. Talk to your doctor to see if Zolpidem is the right option for you.

What are the long-term effects of Zolpidem?

Long-term use of Zolpidem can lead to physical and psychological dependence. This can result in withdrawal symptoms if the medication is stopped suddenly. It can also make it more difficult to stop taking the medication. Talk to your doctor about any concerns you have about long-term use of Zolpidem.

Does Zolpidem cause rebound insomnia?

Yes, rebound insomnia is a potential side effect of taking Zolpidem. It is a condition in which the user experiences an increase in insomnia symptoms when they stop taking the medication.

Can Zolpidem cause sleep apnea?

No, Zolpidem does not typically cause sleep apnea. However, it is possible that sleep apnea can become worse in some individuals who are taking Zolpidem. Talk to your doctor if you experience any new or worsening symptoms.

Can you develop a tolerance to Zolpidem?

Yes, it is possible for users to develop a tolerance to Zolpidem. This means that the user will need higher doses of the medication to achieve the same effects. If you notice a lack of effectiveness in the medication, talk to your doctor.

Can Zolpidem be used to treat depression?

No, Zolpidem is not typically used to treat depression. It may be used to help with sleeping problems caused by depression, but it is not a replacement for antidepressants. Talk to your doctor about your symptoms and which medications may be best for you.

Can Zolpidem be used to treat insomnia caused by jet lag?

Yes, Zolpidem can be used to treat insomnia caused by jet lag. It should only be taken as needed and the recommended dose should not be exceeded.

Can Zolpidem be taken with ibuprofen?

Yes, Zolpidem can be taken with ibuprofen. However, it is important to talk to your doctor before taking any medications together as there may be drug interactions. Your doctor will determine the best dosage and treatment plan for you.

Can Zolpidem cause confusion?

Yes, Zolpidem can cause confusion. Other common side effects include dizziness, forgetfulness, clumsiness, unsteadiness, and headache.

Is Zolpidem habit-forming?

Yes, Zolpidem can be habit-forming if taken in larger doses than recommended or for longer than prescribed. It is important to take the medication only as prescribed by your doctor.

Can Zolpidem cause nightmares?

Yes, Zolpidem can cause nightmares. In some cases, it can also cause feelings of anxiety, depression, or irritability. If you experience any of these symptoms, talk to your doctor.

Can Zolpidem be used to treat chronic insomnia?

Yes, Zolpidem can be used to treat chronic insomnia. It is important to talk to your doctor before starting any treatment for chronic insomnia as there may be other factors involved.

Can Zolpidem be used to treat night terrors?

No, Zolpidem is not typically used to treat night terrors. It may be used as a short-term sleep aid, but it is not recommended for long-term use for this condition.

Can Zolpidem be used to treat insomnia caused by anxiety?

Yes, Zolpidem can be used to treat insomnia caused by anxiety. It is important to talk to your doctor about your symptoms and which medications may be best for you.

Does Zolpidem have any interactions with other drugs?

Yes, Zolpidem can interact with other medications. It is important to tell your doctor about any other medications you are taking before starting Zolpidem. This will allow your doctor to adjust the dosage and frequency of the medication if necessary.