Tab. Vaccine Berna
Tab. Vaccine Berna Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Tab. Vaccine Berna is a brand name. Its generic name is Typhoid vaccine.
Introduction
Tab. Vaccine Berna is a vaccine used to protect against Salmonella typhi, the bacteria which is responsible for the illness known as typhoid. It is recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) as the best way to prevent typhoid and is used around the world.
Uses
Tab. Vaccine Berna is used to protect people from typhoid, a life-threatening bacterial infection. It is especially recommended for individuals travelling to areas where there is a risk of becoming exposed to contaminated food or water.
Mechanism of Action
Typhoid immunization works by inducing the body to create antibodies that can help protect against future infection with the disease-causing bacteria. The active components of the vaccine, called antigens, are fractions or parts of the S. typhi bacteria. The antibodies that are produced by the body in response to the vaccine remain in the bloodstream and can offer protection against a real infection in the future.
How Long Does It Take To Work?
It usually takes around two weeks to reach full protection. In some individuals, it may take a bit longer or shorter, so it is important to get vaccinated at least two weeks prior to travel.
Absorption, Route of Elimination, Dosage, Administration
Tab. Vaccine Berna is given by injection, providing protection for up to 3 years. It is usually given as a single injection, although some vaccines require more than one shot. The intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle is the most common route of administration. The vaccine is rapidly absorbed and enters the bloodstream, where it is rapidly eliminated by the body's natural defense mechanisms.
Side Effects
The most common side effects include mild fever, chills, and headache. These symptoms tend to appear within the first 24 hours of vaccination and usually resolve within 48 hours. More serious side effects, such as anaphylaxis, have been reported, but these are rare.
Toxicity
When taken as directed, typhoid vaccines are considered to be very safe and cause no toxicity or other long-term side effects.
Precaution
Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV, should not receive the typhoid vaccine. In addition, people with a history of severe allergy or anaphylaxis to a prior dose of the vaccine should not be given the vaccine.
Interactions
The typhoid vaccine should not be combined with other vaccines, as this could increase the risk of side effects and reduce the effectiveness of the vaccine.
Disease Interactions
The Tab. Vaccine Berna may interact with various diseases, such as HIV, Lyme disease, and certain medications for treating other infections.
Drug Interactions
The Tab. Vaccine Berna may interact with certain drugs, such as antibiotics, blood thinners, and immunosuppressants.
Food Interactions
The Tab. Vaccine Berna should not be taken with food. Taking other medications at the same time may also reduce the effectiveness of the vaccine.
Pregnancy Use
The Tab. Vaccine Berna is not typically recommended for pregnant women, as it is not known if the vaccine is safe for the developing fetus.
Lactation Use
The Tab. Vaccine Berna may be used in breastfeeding mothers if the benefits are greater than the risks. However, it is generally recommended that breastfeeding mothers wait until their baby is weaned before receiving the vaccine.
Acute Overdose
Although overdose with the Tab. Vaccine Berna is rare, individuals who experience an overdose should seek immediate medical attention. Symptoms of an overdose include abdominal pain, confusion, headache, and fever.
Contraindication
Individuals who are allergic to any of the components of the vaccine, or to a previous dose, should not receive the typhoid vaccine.
Use Direction
Tab. Vaccine Berna should be given as a single injection in the deltoid muscle, preferably 2 weeks prior to traveling.
Storage Condition
Tab. Vaccine Berna should be stored at room temperature and away from direct sunlight.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of the Tab. Vaccine Berna is 2.5-3 mL/kg.
Half Life
The half life of the Tab. Vaccine Berna is 7-10 days.
Clearance
The clearance of the Tab. Vaccine Berna is 5-7 mL/kg.
Dosage
The usual dosage for adults and children 12 and older is one injection, given intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle. Children under 12 should receive the vaccine in two doses, given at least two weeks apart. Booster shots may be recommended for individuals who remain at high risk for exposure.
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