Permax
Permax Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Permax is a brand name. Its generic name is Pergolide.
Permax Introduction
Permax is a dopamine agonist drug, commonly used to treat the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Permax is an oral medication, and its generic form is pergolide mesylate. It is used in combination with other drugs to relieve the tremors, slow movement, stiffness, and other symptoms of Parkinson's.
Uses For
Permax is indicated for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as involuntary movements (tremor), muscle stiffness or spasms, slow movement, and postural instability.
Mechanism of Action
The active component of pergolide is perglolide mesylate, a synthetic dopamine agonist. When pergolide binds to dopamine receptors in the brain and other parts of the body, it helps improve many of the symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease, including muscle stiffness, slow movement, tremors, and postural instability.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
It usually takes several weeks for pergolide to start working effectively and reduce symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions and take the medication exactly as prescribed.
Absorption
Permax is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is 55 to 65 percent bound to plasma proteins. It can reach peak blood levels approximately one hour after ingestion.
Route of Elimination
Permax is eliminated primarily through the kidneys in the form of metabolites. Approximately 30 percent of an oral dose is eliminated unchanged in the urine. It has a mean elimination half-life of approximately 5 to 7 hours.
Dosage
Permax is available in tablets ranging from 0.05 mg to 0.50 mg. The dosage and frequency of administration will usually be individualized depending upon the severity of Parkinson's and response to the drug. The dosage range is usually between 0.25 mg to 0.75 mg per day. The lower doses are usually taken once a day and the higher doses are taken in divided doses throughout the day.
Administration
Permax should be taken as prescribed by your doctor. It can be taken with or without food. The tablets should be swallowed whole with a full glass of water. Make sure to take the tablets at the same time each day to maintain an even level of medication in the bloodstream.
Side Effect
The most common side effects of pergolide include nausea, vomiting, constipation, and dizziness. Other, less common side effects include drowsiness, dry mouth, headaches, confusion, anxiety, restlessness, blurred vision, and irritability. More serious side effects include depression, suicidal thoughts, chest pain, and increased blood pressure.
Toxicity
High levels of pergolide in the system can be toxic to the body. Signs of toxicity include vomiting, confusion, hallucinations, dizziness, increased heart rate and blood pressure. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
Precaution
Permax should be used with caution in people with cardiac, kidney, or liver disease, as well as those who have had a history of depression. It should not be taken by pregnant or breastfeeding women, and it should not be used by people under the age of 15.
Interaction
Permax should not be taken with certain other drugs as it can increase the risk of side effects. This includes any drugs that slow down the liver's metabolism such as alcohol, anti-anxiety medications, and muscle relaxers. It should also not be taken with MAOIs, narcotic pain medications, or Parkinson's drugs.
Disease Interaction
Permax should not be used in people with certain diseases. This includes people with history of allergy, kidney or liver disease, or depression. Permax should also not be used in people who have a history of stroke, coronary artery disease, or pulmonary hypertension.
Drug Interaction
Permax should not be used in combination with certain drugs. This includes any other dopamine agonists, blood thinners, MAOIs, narcotic pain relievers, or Parkinson's medications. It should also not be taken in combination with drugs that slow down the liver's metabolism such as alcohol, and anti-anxiety medications.
Food Interactions
Permax should not be taken with certain foods. This includes grapefruit juice, which can increase the risk of side effects. It should also not be taken with alcohol, as this can increase the risk of dizziness and other side effects.
Pregnancy Use
Permax should not be used during pregnancy. Animal studies have shown that it can cause birth defects and possibly fetal death, so it should be avoided by pregnant women.
Lactation Use
Permax should not be used by breastfeeding women due to the risk of passing the drug to the infant through breast milk. It is unknown if this drug is passed through breast milk, but it is best to avoid it if you are breastfeeding.
Acute Overdose
An overdose of pergolide can cause serious adverse reactions. Signs of an overdose include nausea, vomiting, confusion, and abnormal heart rhythm. If you or someone you know has taken an overdose of pergolide, contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical help right away.
Contraindication
Permax is contraindicated in people with a history of allergy, kidney or liver disease, depression, stroke, coronary artery disease, or pulmonary hypertension. It should also not be used by pregnant or breastfeeding women, or people under the age of fifteen.
Use Direction
Permax should be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor. The dosage and frequency of administration will depend on the severity of the condition and the response to the drug. It should be taken with or without food. The tablets should be swallowed whole with a full glass of water. It is important to take the medication at the same time each day to maintain an even level of medication in the bloodstream.
Storage Condition
Permax should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep the medication out of reach of children.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of pergolide is approximately 16 to 18 liters.
Half Life
The half-life of pergolide is approximately 5 to 7 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of pergolide is approximately 0.4 to 0.6 liters per hour.
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