Paromomycin
Paromomycin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Paromomycin is a brand name. Its generic name is Paromomycin.
Paromomycin
Paromomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used topically to treat bacterial infections of the intestine and mouth. It is used as an alternative to other aminoglycosides, such as amikacin and tobramycin. It is active against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, including Enterobacteriaceae,Enterococcus faecium and some yeast species.
Uses for Paromomycin
Paromomycin is mainly used to treat bacterial infections of the intestine and mouth. It is usually given as a topical solution or ointment. It is also used to prevent and treat traveling diarrhea caused by certain types of bacterium, including Campylobacter jejuni and Shigella spp.
Mechanism of Action
Paromomycin works by binding to the 30S particle chain of bacteria, which interferes with the replication and transcription of genetic material. This in turn inhibits the growth of the bacteria and eventually leads to its death. As with other antibiotics, paromomycin must be taken as prescribed, and typically must be taken for the full prescribed time in order to ensure the bacteria's complete eradication.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Paromomycin is usually effective within a few days of treatment, and symptoms typically start to improve within 12 to 48 hours. However, the full course of treatment must be completed in order to ensure complete eradication of the bacteria.
Absorption, Route of Elimination, Dosage, Administration & Side Effects
Paromomycin is generally well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is rapidly eliminated from the body via the kidneys. The recommended dosage for adults is 250-500 mg taken by mouth three times a day. For children, the recommended dosage is 15-20 mg/kg/day for up to 10 days. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Rare side effects may include inflammation of the liver and kidneys, anemia, or hearing loss.
Toxicity, Precaution & Interaction
Paromomycin is generally considered safe and well tolerated, with few to no side effects. However, due to its potential toxicity, it should only be used after consulting a physician. Any medications, vitamins, minerals, or herbal supplements that could interact with paromomycin should be taken with caution.
Disease Interaction, Drug Interaction, Food Interactions & Pregnancy Use
Paromomycin is known to interact with anticholinergic drugs, anticoagulants, phenobarbital, and dilantin. It may also interact with certain foods, such as dairy products and soy. Paromomycin should not be taken during pregnancy except on the advice of a physician. It is also not recommended for lactating mothers.
Acute Overdose, Contraindication & Use Direction
Acute overdose of paromomycin may lead to serious adverse reactions, including seizures, respiratory failure, and even death. It is not recommended for people with known hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides. It should only be used as directed by a physician.
Storage Conditions, Volume of Distribution, Half Life & Clearance
Paromomycin should be stored in a cool, dry place and away from sunlight. The volume of distribution is approximately 0.83 to 0.88 L/kg. The half life is roughly 5 to 7 hours and the clearance rate is 0.7 to 1.3 mL/min/kg.
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