Paliperidone
Paliperidone Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Paliperidone is a brand name. Its generic name is Paliperidone.
Introduction
Paliperidone (INN) is an atypical antipsychotic drug sold under the trade name Invega, developed by Johnson & Johnson as an extended-release formulation of risperidone. Paliperidone was approved by the United States FDA in December 2006 and by European regulatory agencies in September 2007 for the treatment of schizophrenia.Uses
Paliperidone is primarily used for the treatment of schizophrenia. It may also be used to treat mania associated with bipolar disorder.Mechanism of Action
Paliperidone works by affecting the levels of chemicals, such as dopamine and serotonin, in the brain. This helps to balance mood and reduce psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations.How Long Does It Take to Work?
The effects of paliperidone typically begin to show within 2–4 weeks of starting treatment.Absorption
Paliperidone is absorbed into the bloodstream through the gastrointestinal tract.Route of Elimination
Paliperidone is eliminated from the body primarily through the kidneys.Dosage
The recommended adult dose of paliperidone for the treatment of schizophrenia is 6 mg administered once daily. Dose titration is recommended in order to achieve an individualized therapeutic response. For mania associated with bipolar disorder, the recommended dose is 9 mg/day.Administration
Paliperidone is available as an extended-release tablet, taken orally once a day. It should be swallowed whole with water and not chewed or crushed.Side Effects
Common side effects of paliperidone include dry mouth, constipation, nausea, drowsiness, weight gain, and headache.Toxicity
The most common and mild form of toxicity associated with paliperidone is drowsiness. Severe forms of toxicity can include confusion, cardiovascular toxicity, and lowered level of consciousness.Precaution
Patients should be monitored for signs of cardiac and metabolic adverse events while taking paliperidone. Patients should also be closely monitored for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Those with underlying conditions such as seizure disorders, glaucoma, or Parkinson’s disease should be given extra caution when taking paliperidone.Interactions
Paliperidone may interact with other medications, including anticoagulants, antihistamines, or antihypertensive medications.Disease Interactions
Patients with renal impairment, hepatic impairment, or cardiovascular disease should be monitored closely when taking paliperidone.Drug Interactions
Paliperidone may interact with other drugs, including anesthetics, antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, antifungal medications, benzodiazepines, and tricyclic antidepressants.Food Interactions
The absorption of paliperidone may be affected by certain food or drink. Patients should not drink alcoholic beverages while taking this medication.Pregnancy Use
Patients should avoid taking this medication if they are pregnant, as it may cause harm to the unborn baby.Lactation Use
If a patient is breast-feeding, paliperidone should be avoided.Acute Overdose
An acute overdose of paliperidone can cause symptoms such as drowsiness, confusion, difficulty breathing, and loss of consciousness. A patient who has overdosed should be taken to the emergency room immediately and monitored closely.Contraindications
Paliperidone is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the medication.Use Direction
Paliperidone should only be taken as directed by a healthcare provider.Storage Conditions
Paliperidone should be stored at room temperature away from light and moisture.Volume of Distribution
Paliperidone has a volume of distribution of approximately 0.8 L/kg.Half Life
The half life of paliperidone is approximately 7–8 hours.Clearance
Paliperidone has an elimination clearance of approximately 11.6 mL/min/kg.Here you find in details version of Paliperidone
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Paliperidone
What is Paliperidone?
Paliperidone is an atypical antipsychotic medication prescribed to treat symptoms of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
How does Paliperidone work?
Paliperidone works by blocking certain chemicals in the brain (dopamine and serotonin) to even out mental and emotional levels and reduce symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions.
What is the most common side effect of Paliperidone?
The most common side effects of Paliperidone are feeling drowsy or tired, having dry mouth, having constipation or diarrhea, and changes in weight.
Is Paliperidone addictive?
Paliperidone is not considered addictive; however, it does have the potential to cause physical and psychological dependence.
Is Paliperidone safe for long-term use?
Paliperidone is generally safe for long-term use and its effectiveness can increase over time. Your healthcare provider should closely monitor your treatment to make sure you stay safe.
What happens if I miss a dose of Paliperidone?
If you miss a dose of Paliperidone, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose as prescribed.
Are there any age restrictions for taking Paliperidone?
Paliperidone is generally not recommended for use in children under the age of 18 except in certain situations where the potential benefit outweighs the risks.
Does Paliperidone cause any sexual side effects?
Yes, Paliperidone can cause sexual side effects such as decreased sexual desire, difficulty achieving an erection or ejaculation, and changes in orgasm.
Is it safe to take Paliperidone while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Paliperidone is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding as it may cause harm to the unborn baby or child. Talk to your healthcare provider about the risks and benefits of taking Paliperidone while pregnant or breastfeeding.
What other medications should not be taken with Paliperidone?
Certain medications such as tranquilizers, anti-seizure drugs, blood pressure medications, antibiotics, and antifungals may interact with Paliperidone. Talk to your healthcare provider before taking any other medications while taking Paliperidone.
Is Paliperidone available over-the-counter?
No, Paliperidone is a prescription medication and is not available over-the-counter.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Paliperidone?
No, you should not drink alcohol while taking Paliperidone. Drinking alcohol can increase the risk of serious side effects such as drowsiness, confusion, and irregular heart rhythms.
Can I take Paliperidone with other antipsychotics?
No, you should not take Paliperidone with other antipsychotic medications as this may cause serious side effects. Talk to your healthcare provider before taking any other medications while taking Paliperidone.
What should I do if I experience an allergic reaction to Paliperidone?
If you experience symptoms of an allergic reaction such as hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of your face, lips, or tongue, call your healthcare provider or seek emergency medical help immediately.
Can Paliperidone cause any long-term effects?
Long-term use of Paliperidone may increase your risk of developing diabetes, high cholesterol, and other metabolic problems. Discuss your risks with your healthcare provider before taking Paliperidone.
Can I take Paliperidone if I have kidney or liver disease?
Paliperidone can affect how the kidneys and liver work. Therefore, your healthcare provider should monitor your kidney and liver function closely if you have kidney or liver disease while taking Paliperidone.
Does Paliperidone interact with other drugs?
Paliperidone can interact with certain medications notably those used to treat mental health conditions, high blood pressure, or heart issues. Talk to your healthcare provider about all the medications, supplements, and herbs you are taking before taking Paliperidone.
Does Paliperidone cause tardive dyskinesia?
Tardive dyskinesia is a rare but serious side effect associated with Paliperidone and other antipsychotics. If you experience uncontrollable facial movements, tongue movements, or other involuntary muscle movements contact your healthcare provider right away.
How long does Paliperidone take to work?
It usually takes a few weeks for Paliperidone to reach its full effect. It is important to continue taking the medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
What is the usual dosage of Paliperidone?
The usual dosage of Paliperidone varies depending on each individual. Your healthcare provider will determine what the best dosage is for you based on the severity of your symptoms.
What should I do if I experience fatigue while taking Paliperidone?
If you experience fatigue while taking Paliperidone, talk to your healthcare provider. He or she may be able to adjust your dosage or provide other recommendations for minimizing fatigue.
Can I take Paliperidone if I have a history of seizures?
Paliperidone may worsen symptoms of seizures. Talk to your healthcare provider before taking Paliperidone if you have a history of seizures.
Is it safe to take Paliperidone for a long period of time?
Paliperidone is generally considered safe for long-term use; however, its effectiveness can decrease over time and other treatments may be needed. Your healthcare provider should closely monitor your treatment to make sure it is still working.
Can Paliperidone be used to treat anxiety?
No, Paliperidone is not approved to treat anxiety. Talk to your healthcare provider about other medications that may be more effective for treating anxiety.
Does Paliperidone interact with birth control?
Paliperidone may interact with birth control medications. Talk to your healthcare provider about using other forms of contraception while taking Paliperidone.
Can I take Paliperidone if I have diabetes?
Yes, you can take Paliperidone if you have diabetes, but you will need to have your blood sugar monitored closely to ensure it remains in a safe range.
Is Paliperidone a controlled substance?
No, Paliperidone is not a controlled substance.
What is the typical starting dose of Paliperidone?
The typical starting dose of Paliperidone is 3 mg once daily. The dosage may be adjusted according to your individual needs.
Can Paliperidone cause dry eyes?
Yes, Paliperidone can cause dry eyes. Talk to your healthcare provider about using lubricating eye drops to relieve dry eyes.
Can Paliperidone cause changes in mood?
Yes, Paliperidone can cause changes in mood. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience any changes in mood, especially if they last more than a few days.
Can Paliperidone cause depression?
Yes, Paliperidone can cause depression. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience any changes in mood, especially if they last more than a few days.
Does Paliperidone cause a decrease in appetite?
Yes, Paliperidone can cause a decrease in appetite. Talk to your healthcare provider about your diet and nutrition needs if you experience a decreased appetite while taking Paliperidone.
Does Paliperidone interact with caffeine?
Yes, Paliperidone can interact with the stimulant effects of caffeine making it harder for your body to regulate your energy levels. It is best to avoid drinking caffeine while taking Paliperidone.
Can I take Paliperidone with antihistamines?
Yes, you can take Paliperidone with antihistamines. However, it is not recommended to take two antihistamines together as this may increase your risk of side effects.
Can I take Paliperidone with other mental health medications?
Yes, you can take Paliperidone with other mental health medications; however, it is important to let your healthcare provider know about all the medications, over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbs you are taking in order to minimize any potential drug interactions.
What should I do if I develop a rash while taking Paliperidone?
If you develop a rash while taking Paliperidone, contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible. Your healthcare provider may need to adjust your dosage or switch to a different medication.
How long does Paliperidone stay in your system?
Paliperidone typically takes 3-4 days to clear from your system. However, this timeframe may vary depending on several factors including dosage and your age.
Can Paliperidone cause dizziness or lightheadedness?
Yes, Paliperidone can cause dizziness or lightheadedness. If this side effect persists, contact your healthcare provider for a dosage adjustment.
Does Paliperidone cause sleepiness?
Yes, Paliperidone can cause sleepiness. If you experience persistent sleepiness, talk to your healthcare provider about adjusting your dosage or changing your medication.