Olumiant
Olumiant Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Olumiant is a brand name. Its generic name is Baricitinib.
etcOlumiant Introduction
Olumiant is a once-daily oral JAK (Janus-associated kinase) inhibitor approved for the treatment of adult patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is available as a film-coated tablet for oral administration and sold under the brand name Olumiant. Olumiant was developed by Eli Lilly and Incyte Corporation and is currently available in the United States, European Union, Japan, and other countries.
Uses for Olumiant
Olumiant is used to treat adult patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a type of arthritis which results in inflammation and pain in the joints. Olumiant can be used as monotherapy or in combination with methotrexate or other disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs).
Mechanism of Action
Olumiant works by targeting JAK1 and JAK2, proteins which are part of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. This pathway is important in the regulation of several processes, including inflammation. By inhibiting JAK1 and JAK2, Olumiant reduces the production of many inflammatory mediators and leads to a decrease in inflammation and pain associated with RA.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
The effects of Olumiant can be seen within 4 to 6 weeks of starting treatment. However it can take up to 4 months before the full therapeutic effects of Olumiant can be appreciated.
Absorption
Olumiant is quickly and completely absorbed from the gut following oral administration with peak plasma concentrations reached in 1 to 3 hours.
Route of Elimination
Olumiant is mainly eliminated through metabolism via CYP enzymes in the liver. The metabolites are then mainly eliminated through the faeces and to a lesser extent in the urine.
Dosage
The recommended starting dose of Olumiant is 4 mg administered once daily. This dose can be reduced to 2 mg for patients who experience side-effects or to increase safety in certain populations.
Administration
Olumiant should be taken orally once a day with or without food. It should be administered in the morning or evening with the goal of evening administration in order to maintain a steady state of drug concentration in the body.
Side Effects
The most common side effects associated with Olumiant are nausea, upper respiratory tract infections, headache, and liver enzyme elevations.
Toxicity
In animal models, Olumiant was found to be well-tolerated with the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) much higher than the therapeutic dose in humans, indicating a wide margin between the toxic and therapeutic dose in humans.
Precaution
Patients should not take Olumiant if they have a known hypersensitivity to the active ingredient. It is also important to monitor for signs and symptoms of serious infections while taking Olumiant.
Interaction
Olumiant is metabolized mainly by CYP3A4 and to a lesser extent by CYP2C19. Therefore, caution should be exercised when taking other drugs which are also metabolized by these enzymes or which may interact with Olumiant in other ways.
Disease Interaction
Olumiant can increase the risk of serious infections in patients with chronic active infections or who have a history of recurrent infections. Therefore, caution should be used when prescribing Olumiant to such patients.
Drug Interaction
CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers, such as oral hormonal contraceptives, antibiotics, antifungals, and HIV protease inhibitors, may interfere with the metabolism of Olumiant and increase its concentration in the blood. Such drugs should be avoided in patients taking Olumiant.
Food Interactions
It is recommended that Olumiant be taken either with food or without food. High-fat meals may reduce the absorption of Olumiant, while a high-fiber meal may increase it.
Pregnancy Use
There are no data from clinical studies on the use of Olumiant in pregnant women. However, pregnant women should not take Olumiant due to the potential risk of serious fetal harm.
Lactation Use
It is not known whether Olumiant is present in human milk. Therefore, it is not recommended for use in lactating women.
Acute Overdose
There is no specific antidote for an overdose of Olumiant. In cases of overdose, symptomatic and supportive measures should be taken in consultation with a poison control center.
Contraindication
Olumiant is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the active ingredient.
Use Direction
Olumiant should be taken orally once a day with or without food. It should be administered in the morning or evening with the goal of evening administration in order to maintain a steady state of drug concentration in the body.
Storage Condition
Olumiant should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct light and kept out of reach of children and pets.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of Olumiant is 69 L.
Half-Life
The average elimination half-life of Olumiant is 17 hours.
Clearance
The average clearance of Olumiant is 32.8 L/h.
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