Levetiracetam
Levetiracetam Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Levetiracetam is a brand name. Its generic name is Levetiracetam.
Levetiracetam Introduction
Levetiracetam (Keppra) is an anti-epileptic medication that is used to treat certain types of seizures in adults and children. It is used as an adjunct therapy to treat partial onset seizures and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It works by reducing the activity of the neurons that cause seizures.Uses for Levetiracetam
Levetiracetam is used to treat partial onset seizures and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults and children four years of age and older. It can also be used in patients who are at risk of further seizures.Mechanism of Action
Levetiracetam works by binding to a specific receptor in the brain, known as the SV2A receptor. This binding action reduces the amount of glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, and increases the amount of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter. This action is believed to reduce the activity of neurons that cause seizures.How Long Does It Take To Work?
The effects of levetiracetam can be seen within one to two weeks of starting the medication. Approximately 50-70% of patients will experience a reduction in seizure frequency within six weeks of starting the medication.Absorption
Levetiracetam is quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration.Route of Elimination
Levetiracetam is primarily metabolized in the liver by enzymes to its active metabolites. Most of the drug is eliminated in the urine and some in the feces.Dosage
Dosage requirements for levetiracetam vary depending on the type and severity of the seizure disorder. In general, the recommended dosage for adults is 1000-3000 mg/day taken in two or three divided doses. For children ages four years and older, the dose is 10-50 mg/kg/day divided into two or three doses.Administration
Levetiracetam is taken orally as a tablet, oral solution or IV solution.Side Effects
Common side effects of levetiracetam include drowsiness, dizziness, asthenia, headache, vertigo, somnolence, fatigue, and irritability. Other more serious side effects can include psychosis, aggression, and ideation.Toxicity
At recommended doses, levetiracetam is considered safe and well tolerated. At higher doses, there is potential for a decrease in plasma levels of folate and vitamin B12 and a decrease in red blood cell count (anemia). There is also potential for reversible increases in serum transaminase levels.Precautions
Patients should be monitored for changes in behavior, including signs of depression or suicidal ideation. Patients should also be monitored for signs of kidney failure and monitored for drugs that interact with levetiracetam.Interactions
Levetiracetam may interact with other medications and should not be taken with certain drugs, such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampicin, and lamotrigine.Disease Interaction
Levetiracetam can be used safely in patients with kidney or liver impairment. It can also be used in patients with depression or anxiety.Drug Interaction
Levetiracetam can interact with other drugs including anticonvulsants, antidepressants and certain antibiotics.Food Interactions
Levetiracetam can be taken with or without food. It is best taken with food to help reduce stomach upset.Pregnancy Use
Levetiracetam is classified as Pregnancy Category C. The safety of levetiracetam in pregnancy has not been firmly established and it is not recommended for pregnant women, except if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk.Lactation Use
Levetiracetam is excreted in the milk of lactating mothers. It is not recommended for use in breastfeeding mothers.Acute Overdose
No specific antidote is available for overdose with levetiracetam. Symptoms of overdose may include sedation, nausea, vomiting, and unsteadiness. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic and adlibitum fluid should be incorporated.Contraindication
Levetiracetam is contraindicated in patients with an allergy to levetiracetam or any of its components.Use Directions
Levetiracetam should be taken as directed by your healthcare provider. The dosage requirements may vary depending on the type and severity of the seizure disorder.Storage Condition
Levetiracetam should be stored at room temperature away from moisture and heat.Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution for levetiracetam is 0.5-1.0 L/kg.Half Life
The half-life of levetiracetam is 6-8 hours.Clearance
Levetiracetam is cleared by the kidney and the elimination half-life is unaffected by renal impairment. The renal clearance is 0.19-0.42 L/h.Here you find in details version of Levetiracetam
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Levetiracetam
What is Levetiracetam?
Levetiracetam is a medication used to treat certain types of seizures in people with epilepsy. It is also approved for the treatment of myoclonic seizures and is sometimes used off-label to treat other types of seizure disorders.
How does Levetiracetam work?
Levetiracetam works on the central nervous system (CNS) to help reduce the frequency of seizures. It works by acting on certain voltage-dependent sodium channels in the brain, which helps to stabilize the neural membranes and inhibit seizure activity.
Does Levetiracetam have any side effects?
Yes, Levetiracetam can cause side effects, including dizziness, confusion, fatigue, nausea, and irritability. It can also cause difficulty sleeping, weight gain, and headaches.Talk to your doctor if you experience any severe or worrisome side effects.
What is the proper dosage for Levetiracetam?
The proper dosage for Levetiracetam depends on your specific condition. Your doctor will determine what dosage is appropriate for you based on your age, weight, overall health, and medical history. It is important to always take Levetiracetam as prescribed.
Can I take Levetiracetam with other medications?
It is important to always consult your doctor or pharmacist before taking any medications, including Levetiracetam. Always discuss any other medications you are taking to ensure that Levetiracetam will not interact with them.
How quickly does Levetiracetam start working?
The effects of Levetiracetam may begin to be felt within one hour of taking the medication. However, it may take several days or weeks for the full effects to become noticeable.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Levetiracetam?
It is not recommended to drink alcohol while taking Levetiracetam, as the combination can increase the risk of drowsiness and confusion. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about combining alcohol and Levetiracetam.
Does Levetiracetam help with anxiety?
While Levetiracetam is primarily used to treat seizures, it may have a calming effect on people with anxiety. However, it is best to speak with your doctor to determine if Levetiracetam is an appropriate treatment for your anxiety.
Does Levetiracetam cause weight gain?
Levetiracetam can cause weight gain in some patients. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about the potential for weight gain.
Can Levetiracetam be used to treat status epilepticus?
Yes, Levetiracetam can be used to treat status epilepticus, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. If you are experiencing a seizure that does not stop, seek medical help right away.
Can Levetiracetam be used to treat bipolar disorder?
Levetiracetam is not approved for the treatment of bipolar disorder. However, it may be used off-label for that purpose. Talk to your doctor to determine if Levetiracetam may be an appropriate treatment for your bipolar disorder.
What are the most common side effects of Levetiracetam?
The most common side effects of Levetiracetam include dizziness, confusion, fatigue, nausea, and irritability. It can also cause difficulty sleeping, weight gain, and headaches. Talk to your doctor if you experience any severe or worrisome side effects.
What is the difference between Levetiracetam and other antiseizure medications?
Levetiracetam is a unique antiseizure medication, as it works on the central nervous system (CNS) to help reduce the frequency of seizures. It works by acting on certain voltage-dependent sodium channels in the brain, which helps to stabilize the neural membranes and inhibit seizure activity. Other antiseizure medications work on different parts of the brain or in different ways.
Is Levetiracetam safe for children?
Levetiracetam is approved for use in pediatric patients aged 4 years and older. Talk to your doctor before giving Levetiracetam to a child to determine if it is an appropriate treatment for their condition.
How long does it take for Levetiracetam to reach its full effectiveness?
It can take several days or weeks for Levetiracetam to reach its full effectiveness. However, it is important to take the medication as directed by your doctor to ensure best results.
Is Levetiracetam addictive?
No, Levetiracetam is not regarded as an addictive medication. However, it may cause psychological or physical dependence, so it is important to take the medication as prescribed and to follow your doctor's instructions.
Can Levetiracetam cause seizures?
Levetiracetam is used to treat seizures, so it is unlikely to cause seizures. However, if it is not taken as prescribed it may increase the risk of seizures.
What is the usual dose of Levetiracetam?
The usual dose of Levetiracetam depends on your specific condition. Your doctor will determine what dosage is appropriate for you based on your age, weight, overall health, and medical history.
Is Levetiracetam safe for pregnant women?
Levetiracetam is classified as a Pregnancy Category C medication, meaning it is not known if it is safe to use during pregnancy. Talk to your doctor to determine whether Levetiracetam is an appropriate treatment for you during pregnancy.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Levetiracetam?
If you miss a dose of Levetiracetam, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take more Levetiracetam than prescribed by your doctor.
What are the possible drug interactions for Levetiracetam?
Levetiracetam has been known to interact with certain medications, such as birth control pills, cimetidine, and antidepressants. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking any medications in combination with Levetiracetam to ensure that no serious interactions occur.
Can Levetiracetam cause depression?
Levetiracetam can cause side effects such as confusion, fatigue, and irritability, which can make depression worse in some patients. If you have a history of depression, talk to your doctor about possible side effects associated with Levetiracetam.
What should I do if I experience an allergic reaction to Levetiracetam?
If you experience an allergic reaction after taking Levetiracetam, such as hives, rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention right away. Stop taking the medication and let your doctor know immediately.
Can Levetiracetam be taken with food?
Levetiracetam can be taken with or without food. However, it is recommended to take it with food to reduce the risk of upset stomach.
How long does it take for Levetiracetam to start working?
The effects of Levetiracetam may begin to be felt within one hour of taking the medication. However, it may take several days or weeks for the full effects to become noticeable.
Can Levetiracetam be used to treat other seizure disorders?
Levetiracetam has only been approved to treat certain types of seizures in people with epilepsy. However, it may be used off-label to treat other types of seizure disorders.
How is Levetiracetam administered?
Levetiracetam is available in an oral tablet, oral solution, and intravenous (IV) injection. The form and dosage will depend on your condition and individual needs. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist to determine the best form and dosage for you.
Can Levetiracetam be used for long-term seizure prevention?
Yes, Levetiracetam can be used long-term for seizure prevention. However, it is important to discuss the risks and benefits of taking Levetiracetam with your doctor before starting long-term treatment.
What should I do if I forget to take my Levetiracetam dose?
If you forget to take your Levetiracetam dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take more Levetiracetam than prescribed by your doctor.
Are there any lifestyle changes I should make while taking Levetiracetam?
It is important to make healthy lifestyle changes while taking Levetiracetam, such as avoiding alcohol, getting regular exercise, and eating a balanced diet. Talk to your doctor about any lifestyle changes you can make to improve the effectiveness of Levetiracetam.
Can Levetiracetam cause headaches?
Levetiracetam can cause headaches in some patients. Talk to your doctor if you experience frequent or severe headaches while taking Levetiracetam.
Can I break a Levetiracetam tablet in half?
No, it is not recommended to break or crush a Levetiracetam tablet. Doing so could increase the risk of serious side effects. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist for instructions on taking Levetiracetam properly.
Is Levetiracetam safe for the elderly?
Levetiracetam is approved for use in elderly patients aged 4 years and older. It is important to discuss the benefits and risks of taking Levetiracetam with your doctor before starting treatment.
Can Levetiracetam cause liver damage?
Levetiracetam can cause abnormal liver functioning test results, but it is not known to cause permanent liver damage. However, if you experience any unusual symptoms or side effects, talk to your doctor.
What should I do if Levetiracetam does not seem to be working?
If you feel that Levetiracetam is not working properly, it is important to talk to your doctor. Your doctor may recommend adjusting your Levetiracetam dosage or switching to a different seizure medication.
Can Levetiracetam cause birth defects?
Levetiracetam has not been shown to cause birth defects in studies. However, it is classified as a Pregnancy Category C medication, meaning it is not known if it is safe to use during pregnancy. Talk to your doctor to discuss the risks of taking Levetiracetam while pregnant.
Is Levetiracetam safe for breastfeeding mothers?
Levetiracetam is not known to be safe or unsafe during breastfeeding. If you are breastfeeding, talk to your doctor to determine if Levetiracetam is an appropriate treatment for your condition.
Can Levetiracetam cause memory loss?
Levetiracetam can cause cognitive impairment, confusion, and difficulty concentrating, which may lead to memory loss. If you experience any changes in cognition, talk to your doctor.
Does Levetiracetam make you sleepy?
Levetiracetam may cause sleepiness and fatigue in some patients. It is important to use caution while performing tasks that require alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, until you know how Levetiracetam affects you.
Can children take Levetiracetam?
Levetiracetam is approved for use in pediatric patients aged 4 years and older. Talk to your doctor before giving Levetiracetam to a child to determine if it is an appropriate treatment for their condition.