Keppra
Keppra Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Keppra is a brand name. Its generic name is Levetiracetam.
Keppra Introduction
Keppra (Keppra) is an anti-epileptic medication that is used to treat certain types of seizures in adults and children. It is used as an adjunct therapy to treat partial onset seizures and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It works by reducing the activity of the neurons that cause seizures.Uses for Keppra
Keppra is used to treat partial onset seizures and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults and children four years of age and older. It can also be used in patients who are at risk of further seizures.Mechanism of Action
Keppra works by binding to a specific receptor in the brain, known as the SV2A receptor. This binding action reduces the amount of glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, and increases the amount of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter. This action is believed to reduce the activity of neurons that cause seizures.How Long Does It Take To Work?
The effects of levetiracetam can be seen within one to two weeks of starting the medication. Approximately 50-70% of patients will experience a reduction in seizure frequency within six weeks of starting the medication.Absorption
Keppra is quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration.Route of Elimination
Keppra is primarily metabolized in the liver by enzymes to its active metabolites. Most of the drug is eliminated in the urine and some in the feces.Dosage
Dosage requirements for levetiracetam vary depending on the type and severity of the seizure disorder. In general, the recommended dosage for adults is 1000-3000 mg/day taken in two or three divided doses. For children ages four years and older, the dose is 10-50 mg/kg/day divided into two or three doses.Administration
Keppra is taken orally as a tablet, oral solution or IV solution.Side Effects
Common side effects of levetiracetam include drowsiness, dizziness, asthenia, headache, vertigo, somnolence, fatigue, and irritability. Other more serious side effects can include psychosis, aggression, and ideation.Toxicity
At recommended doses, levetiracetam is considered safe and well tolerated. At higher doses, there is potential for a decrease in plasma levels of folate and vitamin B12 and a decrease in red blood cell count (anemia). There is also potential for reversible increases in serum transaminase levels.Precautions
Patients should be monitored for changes in behavior, including signs of depression or suicidal ideation. Patients should also be monitored for signs of kidney failure and monitored for drugs that interact with levetiracetam.Interactions
Keppra may interact with other medications and should not be taken with certain drugs, such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampicin, and lamotrigine.Disease Interaction
Keppra can be used safely in patients with kidney or liver impairment. It can also be used in patients with depression or anxiety.Drug Interaction
Keppra can interact with other drugs including anticonvulsants, antidepressants and certain antibiotics.Food Interactions
Keppra can be taken with or without food. It is best taken with food to help reduce stomach upset.Pregnancy Use
Keppra is classified as Pregnancy Category C. The safety of levetiracetam in pregnancy has not been firmly established and it is not recommended for pregnant women, except if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk.Lactation Use
Keppra is excreted in the milk of lactating mothers. It is not recommended for use in breastfeeding mothers.Acute Overdose
No specific antidote is available for overdose with levetiracetam. Symptoms of overdose may include sedation, nausea, vomiting, and unsteadiness. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic and adlibitum fluid should be incorporated.Contraindication
Keppra is contraindicated in patients with an allergy to levetiracetam or any of its components.Use Directions
Keppra should be taken as directed by your healthcare provider. The dosage requirements may vary depending on the type and severity of the seizure disorder.Storage Condition
Keppra should be stored at room temperature away from moisture and heat.Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution for levetiracetam is 0.5-1.0 L/kg.Half Life
The half-life of levetiracetam is 6-8 hours.Clearance
Keppra is cleared by the kidney and the elimination half-life is unaffected by renal impairment. The renal clearance is 0.19-0.42 L/h.Here you find in details version of Keppra
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Keppra
What is Keppra?
Keppra is a medication used to treat certain types of seizures in people with epilepsy. It is also approved for the treatment of myoclonic seizures and is sometimes used off-label to treat other types of seizure disorders.
How does Keppra work?
Keppra works on the central nervous system (CNS) to help reduce the frequency of seizures. It works by acting on certain voltage-dependent sodium channels in the brain, which helps to stabilize the neural membranes and inhibit seizure activity.
Does Keppra have any side effects?
Yes, Keppra can cause side effects, including dizziness, confusion, fatigue, nausea, and irritability. It can also cause difficulty sleeping, weight gain, and headaches.Talk to your doctor if you experience any severe or worrisome side effects.
What is the proper dosage for Keppra?
The proper dosage for Keppra depends on your specific condition. Your doctor will determine what dosage is appropriate for you based on your age, weight, overall health, and medical history. It is important to always take Keppra as prescribed.
Can I take Keppra with other medications?
It is important to always consult your doctor or pharmacist before taking any medications, including Keppra. Always discuss any other medications you are taking to ensure that Keppra will not interact with them.
How quickly does Keppra start working?
The effects of Keppra may begin to be felt within one hour of taking the medication. However, it may take several days or weeks for the full effects to become noticeable.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Keppra?
It is not recommended to drink alcohol while taking Keppra, as the combination can increase the risk of drowsiness and confusion. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about combining alcohol and Keppra.
Does Keppra help with anxiety?
While Keppra is primarily used to treat seizures, it may have a calming effect on people with anxiety. However, it is best to speak with your doctor to determine if Keppra is an appropriate treatment for your anxiety.
Does Keppra cause weight gain?
Keppra can cause weight gain in some patients. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about the potential for weight gain.
Can Keppra be used to treat status epilepticus?
Yes, Keppra can be used to treat status epilepticus, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. If you are experiencing a seizure that does not stop, seek medical help right away.
Can Keppra be used to treat bipolar disorder?
Keppra is not approved for the treatment of bipolar disorder. However, it may be used off-label for that purpose. Talk to your doctor to determine if Keppra may be an appropriate treatment for your bipolar disorder.
What are the most common side effects of Keppra?
The most common side effects of Keppra include dizziness, confusion, fatigue, nausea, and irritability. It can also cause difficulty sleeping, weight gain, and headaches. Talk to your doctor if you experience any severe or worrisome side effects.
What is the difference between Keppra and other antiseizure medications?
Keppra is a unique antiseizure medication, as it works on the central nervous system (CNS) to help reduce the frequency of seizures. It works by acting on certain voltage-dependent sodium channels in the brain, which helps to stabilize the neural membranes and inhibit seizure activity. Other antiseizure medications work on different parts of the brain or in different ways.
Is Keppra safe for children?
Keppra is approved for use in pediatric patients aged 4 years and older. Talk to your doctor before giving Keppra to a child to determine if it is an appropriate treatment for their condition.
How long does it take for Keppra to reach its full effectiveness?
It can take several days or weeks for Keppra to reach its full effectiveness. However, it is important to take the medication as directed by your doctor to ensure best results.
Is Keppra addictive?
No, Keppra is not regarded as an addictive medication. However, it may cause psychological or physical dependence, so it is important to take the medication as prescribed and to follow your doctor's instructions.
Can Keppra cause seizures?
Keppra is used to treat seizures, so it is unlikely to cause seizures. However, if it is not taken as prescribed it may increase the risk of seizures.
What is the usual dose of Keppra?
The usual dose of Keppra depends on your specific condition. Your doctor will determine what dosage is appropriate for you based on your age, weight, overall health, and medical history.
Is Keppra safe for pregnant women?
Keppra is classified as a Pregnancy Category C medication, meaning it is not known if it is safe to use during pregnancy. Talk to your doctor to determine whether Keppra is an appropriate treatment for you during pregnancy.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Keppra?
If you miss a dose of Keppra, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take more Keppra than prescribed by your doctor.
What are the possible drug interactions for Keppra?
Keppra has been known to interact with certain medications, such as birth control pills, cimetidine, and antidepressants. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking any medications in combination with Keppra to ensure that no serious interactions occur.
Can Keppra cause depression?
Keppra can cause side effects such as confusion, fatigue, and irritability, which can make depression worse in some patients. If you have a history of depression, talk to your doctor about possible side effects associated with Keppra.
What should I do if I experience an allergic reaction to Keppra?
If you experience an allergic reaction after taking Keppra, such as hives, rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention right away. Stop taking the medication and let your doctor know immediately.
Can Keppra be taken with food?
Keppra can be taken with or without food. However, it is recommended to take it with food to reduce the risk of upset stomach.
How long does it take for Keppra to start working?
The effects of Keppra may begin to be felt within one hour of taking the medication. However, it may take several days or weeks for the full effects to become noticeable.
Can Keppra be used to treat other seizure disorders?
Keppra has only been approved to treat certain types of seizures in people with epilepsy. However, it may be used off-label to treat other types of seizure disorders.
How is Keppra administered?
Keppra is available in an oral tablet, oral solution, and intravenous (IV) injection. The form and dosage will depend on your condition and individual needs. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist to determine the best form and dosage for you.
Can Keppra be used for long-term seizure prevention?
Yes, Keppra can be used long-term for seizure prevention. However, it is important to discuss the risks and benefits of taking Keppra with your doctor before starting long-term treatment.
What should I do if I forget to take my Keppra dose?
If you forget to take your Keppra dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take more Keppra than prescribed by your doctor.
Are there any lifestyle changes I should make while taking Keppra?
It is important to make healthy lifestyle changes while taking Keppra, such as avoiding alcohol, getting regular exercise, and eating a balanced diet. Talk to your doctor about any lifestyle changes you can make to improve the effectiveness of Keppra.
Can Keppra cause headaches?
Keppra can cause headaches in some patients. Talk to your doctor if you experience frequent or severe headaches while taking Keppra.
Can I break a Keppra tablet in half?
No, it is not recommended to break or crush a Keppra tablet. Doing so could increase the risk of serious side effects. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist for instructions on taking Keppra properly.
Is Keppra safe for the elderly?
Keppra is approved for use in elderly patients aged 4 years and older. It is important to discuss the benefits and risks of taking Keppra with your doctor before starting treatment.
Can Keppra cause liver damage?
Keppra can cause abnormal liver functioning test results, but it is not known to cause permanent liver damage. However, if you experience any unusual symptoms or side effects, talk to your doctor.
What should I do if Keppra does not seem to be working?
If you feel that Keppra is not working properly, it is important to talk to your doctor. Your doctor may recommend adjusting your Keppra dosage or switching to a different seizure medication.
Can Keppra cause birth defects?
Keppra has not been shown to cause birth defects in studies. However, it is classified as a Pregnancy Category C medication, meaning it is not known if it is safe to use during pregnancy. Talk to your doctor to discuss the risks of taking Keppra while pregnant.
Is Keppra safe for breastfeeding mothers?
Keppra is not known to be safe or unsafe during breastfeeding. If you are breastfeeding, talk to your doctor to determine if Keppra is an appropriate treatment for your condition.
Can Keppra cause memory loss?
Keppra can cause cognitive impairment, confusion, and difficulty concentrating, which may lead to memory loss. If you experience any changes in cognition, talk to your doctor.
Does Keppra make you sleepy?
Keppra may cause sleepiness and fatigue in some patients. It is important to use caution while performing tasks that require alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, until you know how Keppra affects you.
Can children take Keppra?
Keppra is approved for use in pediatric patients aged 4 years and older. Talk to your doctor before giving Keppra to a child to determine if it is an appropriate treatment for their condition.