Jinarc
Jinarc Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Jinarc is a brand name. Its generic name is Tolvaptan.
Jinarc Introduction
Jinarc (brand name: Samsca) is an oral, non-peptide vasopressin antagonist medication used to treat hyponatremia (low levels of sodium in the blood) associated with heart failure, cirrhosis, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). It is available as 15 mg, 30 mg and 60 mg tablets. It is typically administered once daily.
Uses for Jinarc
Jinarc is used for the treatment of hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood) associated with heart failure, cirrhosis, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). It works by blocking vasopressin, a hormone released from the pituitary gland which increases the absorption of water into the blood.
Mechanism of Action
Jinarc binds to the vasopressin V2 receptor in the kidney, thus blocking the effects of vasopressin which is responsible for increasing water reabsorption from the urine. This causes an increase in the excretion of urine and electrolytes, resulting in an increase in sodium concentration in the blood, if the sodium concentration in the blood is too low. Jinarc also functions as an antagonist, meaning it blocks the receptor and does not stimulate it.
How Long Does It Take To Work?
Jinarc typically starts working to increase sodium levels within 24 hours, but may take up to 7 days to reach its maximum effect. In patients with heart failure, it is important to monitor sodium levels and electrolytes closely as they may decrease quickly.
Absorption
Jinarc is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, reaching its peak concentration in 2-4 hours following a single dose and steady-state concentrations after 7 days of administration.
Route of Elimination
Jinarc is primarily eliminated through urinary excretion. All 94.5% of the administered dose is eliminated within 24 hours, and only 1.3% of the dose is eliminated as the unchanged drug.
Dosage
Dosage of Jinarc depends on the condition to be treated and the patient's age, weight, and other medical conditions. The usual recommended dose for adults is 15 mg administered once daily. The maximum daily dose is 60 mg. In patients with hepatic impairment, the dose should be initially reduced by 50%.
Administration
Jinarc should be taken orally with or without food. A missed dose should be taken as soon as possible, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for the next dose.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Jinarc include dehydration, increased heart rate, dizziness, back pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, nausea, headache, and chest pain.
Toxicity
Jinarc is generally considered a safe medication with few serious toxicity effects. Serious toxicity is unlikely unless doses 10 times the labeled dose are taken.
Precautions
Before starting Jinarc, it is important to inform your doctor of any allergies or existing medical conditions, such as liver or kidney disease, as well as of any medications currently taken. Jinarc should not be taken if patients are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have severe hepatic impairment.
Interaction
Jinarc may interact with certain medications or supplements, such as diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, loop diuretics, lithium, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, it is important to consult with a physician before starting Jinarc.
Disease Interactions
Jinarc should not be taken by patients with liver cirrhosis, severe hepatic impairment, or a history of chronic kidney failure. Patients with a history of diabetes mellitus should monitor their blood sugar levels closely. In addition, Jinarc is not recommended for patients with heart failure due to an increased risk of worsening heart function.
Drug Interactions
Jinarc may interact with certain medications or supplements, such as diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, loop diuretics, lithium, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Taking these medications together with Jinarc may increase the risk of side effects.
Food Interactions
Jinarc should be taken with or without food. Food may delay the absorption of the drug, but it is unlikely to have any significant effect on the medication.
Pregnancy Use
Jinarc is not recommended for use during pregnancy due to potential risks to the developing fetus. If a pregnant woman takes Jinarc, she should be monitored closely.
Lactation Use
Jinarc is not recommended for use during lactation due to potential risks to the baby. If a woman who is breastfeeding takes Jinarc, she should be monitored closely.
Acute Overdose
Acute overdose of Jinarc is unlikely to cause serious toxicity. Symptoms may include dehydration, decreased urine output, dry mouth, increased heart rate, and dizziness. Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive.
Contraindication
Jinarc should not be used in patients with severe hepatic impairment or a history of chronic kidney failure. In addition, it is not recommended for use in pregnant women or women who are breastfeeding.
Use Directions
Jinarc should be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor. It should be taken with or without food, but should be swallowed whole. Do not discontinue treatment suddenly or without consulting your doctor.
Storage Condition
Jinarc should be stored at room temperature, away from heat, light, and moisture. Keep it out of the reach of children.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of Jinarc in the body is approximately 22 L.
Half Life
The half-life of Jinarc is approximately 17 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of Jinarc is approximately 0.2 L/h which is relatively low compared to other medications.
Here you find in details version of Jinarc