Iodixanol
Iodixanol Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Iodixanol is a brand name. Its generic name is Iodixanol.
Iodixanol
Iodixanol is an iodinated non-ionic X-ray and ultrasound contrast media used to improve imaging of various tissues and organs. It is a highly osmotically active substance used to improve the visualization of lesions and anatomical structures during various imaging procedures, such as Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Ultrasound.
Uses for Iodixanol
Iodixanol is used to enhance visualization of organs and tissue during medical imaging studies. It is commonly used by doctors to diagnose a range of conditions, including aneurysms, vascular lesions, and other body structures and organs.
Mechanism of Action
Iodixanol is a kind of X-ray contrast medium, used to improve visibility of the internal organ structure during X-ray imaging. It works by increasing the apparent density of the X-ray material, which helps to obtain better quality images of internal organs. Iodixanol absorption is through the peritoneum, providing better visibility of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and lymph nodes.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Iodixanol takes about 30 minutes to completely dissolve in the surrounding body tissues. After it dissolves, imaging results can be obtained within 30 to 60 minutes.
Absorption
Iodixanol is rapidly absorbed into the body tissue and is quickly metabolized by the liver. It is then eliminated in the urine.
Route of Elimination
Iodixanol is completely metabolized in the liver and eliminated in the urine within 24 hours of administration.
Dosage
The dose of Iodixanol depends on the type of procedure being performed, the body’s condition, and the response to the contrast medium. Doctors may also adjust the dose of the contrast medium to compensate for any unknown factors. In general, the recommended starting dose for adults is 6 ml - 8 ml every 15 minutes for a total of 24 ml - 32 ml for intravenous injection. Doctors may also adjust the dose depending on the results that are desired for the particular imaging procedure.
Administration
Iodixanol is administered intravenously through a large vein or through a catheter directly into a vein. It should be administered slowly and at a rate that is comfortable for the patient. It should not be mixed with blood products or other medications.
Side Effect
Some of the most common side effects of Iodixanol are nausea, vomiting, flushing of the skin, rash, itching, headache, dizziness, abdominal cramping, and a feeling of warmth. In rare cases, an allergic reaction may occur, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Other side effects include low blood pressure, chest pain, heart palpitations, chills, shortness of breath, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Toxicity
Iodixanol is generally considered to be non-toxic and non-carcinogenic when taken as directed. However, it can cause severe and life-threatening reactions such as anaphylaxis, which is a severe allergic reaction that can lead to shock and death. It can also cause other serious adverse reactions, including kidney damage.
Precaution
Patients should tell their doctor about any allergies to iodine-containing products, shellfish, or seafood. It is also important to inform the doctor of any medical conditions, especially asthma or lung disease, and any medications taken. Patients with certain medical conditions, such as coronary artery disease, pregnant or nursing mothers, children, and people with compromised immune systems, should not take Iodixanol without their doctor’s approval.
Interaction
Iodixanol may interact with some drugs and supplements. These include antibiotics, antacids, aspirin, calcium supplements, cholesterol-lowering agents, diuretics, ibuprofen, ketoconazole, omeprazole, and thyroid hormones. It is important to inform the doctor of any medications or supplements being taken before taking Iodixanol.
Disease Interaction
Patients with certain medical conditions, such as coronary artery disease, asthma, lung disease, and certain immune-system disorders, should not take Iodixanol without the doctor's approval. People with kidney or liver disease should also inform the doctor before taking the medication.
Drug Interaction
Iodixanol may interact with some drugs and supplements. These include antibiotics, antacids, aspirin, calcium supplements, cholesterol-lowering agents, diuretics, ibuprofen, ketoconazole, omeprazole, and thyroid hormones. It is important to inform the doctor of any medications or supplements being taken before taking Iodixanol.
Food Interactions
Iodixanol should not be taken with any food or drink containing calcium. This includes milk, yogurt, cheese, and foods with added calcium or calcium syrup.
Pregnancy Use
Iodixanol is not recommended for use during pregnancy. It has not been studied in pregnant women and the potential risks of using the drug before delivery are unknown. Women who are or may become pregnant should inform their doctor before taking the medication.
Lactation Use
Iodixanol is not recommended for use while breastfeeding. It is not known if Iodixanol passes into breastmilk and the potential risks to a nursing baby are unknown. Women should inform their doctor before taking the medication if they are breastfeeding.
Acute Overdose
An acute overdose of Iodixanol can lead to serious side effects such as low blood pressure, abnormal heart rhythm, and seizures. It is important to seek prompt medical attention if an overdose is suspected.
Contraindication
Iodixanol is contraindicated in patients with an allergy to iodine-containing products, shellfish, or seafood. It should also be avoided in people with certain medical conditions, such as asthma, kidney or liver disease, and pregnant or lactating women. Patients who are taking certain medications, such as antibiotics, antacids, aspirin, calcium supplements, cholesterol-lowering agents, diuretics, ibuprofen, ketoconazole, omeprazole, should notify their doctor before taking Iodixanol.
Use Directions
Iodixanol should be administered in accordance with the directions of a medical professional. It is important to carefully follow the instructions provided by the doctor or pharmacist on how to prepare, administer, and store the medication. The doctor may also adjust the dose based on the individual needs of the patient.
Storage Condition
Iodixanol should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. It should not be exposed to temperatures above 25°C (77°F) and should be protected from moisture and light. The medication should always be kept in its original container and out of reach of children.
Volume of Distribution
Iodixanol has a volume of distribution of 50 - 65 liters. This means that the drug is distributed throughout a large portion of the body and is available for biotransformation or excretion.
Half Life
Iodixanol has a half-life of around 30 minutes, which means that the body removes about half of the concentration of the drug within 30 minutes of administration.
Clearance
Iodixanol has a clearance of 0.9 L/min, which means that the drug is eliminated at a rate of 0.9 liters per minute. This is significantly slower than most medications, so the medication may remain in the system longer than some other drugs.
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