Gopinorm
Gopinorm Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Gopinorm is a brand name. Its generic name is Metoclopramide.
Gopinorm
Gopinorm is a medication used to treat nausea, vomiting, reflux, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. It is a dopamine antagonist, which means it blocks a certain type of dopamine receptors in the brain and indirectly causes stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract. It is also commonly used to increase motility in the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.
Uses for Gopinorm
Gopinorm is used to treat symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux, such as heartburn, feeling of fullness, difficulty swallowing, and nausea. Other uses for the medication include the prevention of vomiting caused by certain medical procedures, treating symptoms of gastroparesis, treating ulcers and solving gastric emptying disorders. Additionally, it can be used to increase motility in the stomach, trigger lactation, and treat tension headaches.
Mechanism of Action
Gopinorm works by blocking D2 dopamine receptors in the brain, which leads to stimulation in the gastrointestinal tract. It also inhibits acetylcholine release in the stomach, which increases motility. The drug increases production of gastric acid and increases the rate of gastric emptying into the small intestine.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
Gopinorm typically starts to work within 1-4 hours of taking the medication, depending on the route of administration. The maximum effect of the drug may take several days to be achieved.
Absorption
Gopinorm is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with the absolute bioavailability of 7 to 8%. The maximum absorption is achieved within 4 to 6 hours of taking the medication. The absorption is not affected by the food, although the rate of absorption is delayed when taken with a meal.
Route of Elimination
Gopinorm is eliminated from the body mainly through the kidneys, with no significant metabolism. It is also excreted in the bile and in the breast milk in small amounts.
Dosage
Gopinorm is typically given in oral and intramuscular doses. For treatment of nausea and vomiting, the recommended dose is 5 mg by mouth or by injection three times daily. For treatment of reflux, the recommended dose is 5 to 10 mg once daily. To increase motility in the esophagus and stomach, the recommended dose is 5 to 10 mg four times daily. To solve gastric emptying disorders, the recommended dose is 0.5 to 2 mg/kg per day.
Administration
Gopinorm can be given orally, intramuscularly, intravenously, and subcutaneously. It is usually taken by mouth as a tablet or syrup. It can also be given as an injection or through a gastric tube.
Side Effects
Common side effects of metoclopramide include headache, dry mouth, diarrhea, insomnia, restlessness, and dizziness. Other side effects may include muscle spasms, difficulty breathing, confusion, anxiety, depression, and a feeling of nervousness. In some cases, metoclopramide may cause an increase in blood pressure.
Toxicity
Gopinorm is considered generally safe when taken at recommended doses. However, the drug can cause serious side effects if taken in larger doses than recommended. Some of these side effects include seizures, abnormal heart rhythms, and hallucinations. It is also known to interact with certain medications and cause serious health problems.
Precautions
Gopinorm should be taken with caution in patients with diabetes, high blood pressure, thyroid disorders, kidney or liver diseases, and seizures. It should also be used with caution in children and elderly patients. Patients should be monitored regularly while taking the drug.
Interactions
Gopinorm may interact with other medications such as anticonvulsants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), antipsychotics, antacids, anticoagulants, tricyclic antidepressants, and antihistamines. It can also interact with alcohol, caffeine, and certain herbs and supplements.
Disease Interaction
Gopinorm may interact with certain conditions such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, liver or kidney diseases, epilepsy, and bipolar disorder. It is also known to increase the risk of seizures in certain patients with genetic conditions.
Drug Interaction
Gopinorm may interact with other drugs such as antacids, antibiotics, antihistamines, antidepressants, antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, opioids, benzodiazepines, and lithium. It should be used with caution in patients taking these medications.
Food Interactions
Gopinorm may interact with certain foods such as alcohol, caffeinated beverages, chocolate, and certain herbs and supplements. It is important to consult your doctor or pharmacist before taking the medication with food.
Pregnancy Use
Gopinorm should be used with caution during pregnancy and should not be used during the third trimester. There is some evidence that the medication may cause harm to the fetus. It is important to consult your doctor before using the medication during pregnancy.
Lactation Use
Gopinorm should not be used by breastfeeding mothers as it may cause serious side effects in the infant. It is important to consult your doctor before taking the medication.
Acute Overdose
Symptoms of an acute overdose of metoclopramide may include restlessness, agitation, confusion, seizures, tremor, delirium, and memory loss. Seek medical attention immediately if an overdose is suspected.
Contraindication
Gopinorm should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug. It should also not be used in patients with a history of seizures or epilepsy. It should also not be used in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Use Direction
Gopinorm should be taken as prescribed by your doctor. It is important to follow the instructions in the prescription label. The medication must not be taken in larger or smaller amounts than recommended. The medication may take a few days to begin to work.
Storage Condition
Gopinorm should be stored at room temperature away from direct heat and light. This medication should be kept away from children and pets.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of metoclopramide is 29 liters. This means that the drug is distributed throughout the body.
Half Life
The half-life of metoclopramide is 4 to 6 hours. This means that half of the drug will be eliminated from the body in this time.
Clearance
The clearance of metoclopramide is 0.59 liters/hour, meaning that the drug is eliminated from the body at this rate.
Here you find in details version of Gopinorm
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Gopinorm
What is Gopinorm?
Gopinorm is a prescription medicine used to treat certain conditions in the stomach and intestines. It works by speeding up the movements in the digestive tract, allowing food to be digested more quickly.
What is Gopinorm used for?
Gopinorm is used to treat symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), including heartburn, and gastroparesis (slow stomach emptying). It is also used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by other drugs.
How do I take Gopinorm?
Gopinorm should be taken orally, typically with or without food. Follow your doctor's instructions for dosage and any special instructions for taking this medicine.
What are the possible side effects associated with Gopinorm?
The most common side effects associated with Gopinorm are headache, dizziness, sleepiness, restlessness, extrapyramidal disorder, a decrease in white blood cells, and may disclose growth hormone. More serious side effects may include allergic reactions, chest pain, confusion, fever, difficulty breathing, and development of abnormal sensations.
Is Gopinorm safe for long-term use?
Gopinorm is safe for long-term use, though it is not recommended for individuals with certain underlying medical conditions. Consult your health care provider to determine if Gopinorm is safe for use in your particular case.
Will Gopinorm interact with other medications?
Yes. Gopinorm can interact with many other medications, including antidiabetic medicines, phenytoin, phenobarbital, lithium, antifungals, antiviral drugs, and estrogen. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking before taking Gopinorm.
Does Gopinorm cause weight gain?
Gopinorm can cause weight gain in some patients, but this is not a common side effect. If you take Gopinorm and experience weight gain, contact your healthcare provider for further instructions.
Can I take Gopinorm while pregnant?
As Gopinorm may cause serious side effects when taken during pregnancy, it should not be taken by pregnant women unless directed to do so by their healthcare provider. Make sure to discuss any potential risks with your healthcare provider before taking Gopinorm during pregnancy.
When should I take Gopinorm?
Gopinorm should typically be taken 30 minutes before a meal. Talk to your healthcare provider for specific instructions regarding when to best take Gopinorm.
How long does Gopinorm take to start working?
For most people, the effects of Gopinorm will begin to be felt within 1 to 3 hours after taking the medicine. However, it may take up to 5 days for the full effects to take place.
Can Gopinorm be taken with food?
It is recommended to take Gopinorm 30 minutes before eating. Although, it is okay to take Gopinorm with food, it may not be as effective at speed up the stomach emptying process.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Gopinorm?
If you miss a dose of Gopinorm, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is nearly time for your next dose, then just skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
Can I overdose on Gopinorm?
Yes, it is possible to overdose on Gopinorm. If you take too much, contact your healthcare provider or poison control center right away. Symptoms of a Gopinorm overdose include restlessness, confusion, drowsiness, and muscle contractions.
What should I avoid while taking Gopinorm?
It is important to avoid alcohol while taking as Gopinorm can cause an elevation of alcohol levels in your body, resulting in more side effects. It is also important to avoid activities that could increase your risk of falling or getting injured while taking Gopinorm.
Is Gopinorm available in generic form?
Yes, Gopinorm is available in generic form. Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist about the best options for generic Gopinorm.
Are there any natural alternatives to Gopinorm?
Yes, there are natural alternatives to Gopinorm that may be effective in treating symptoms of GERD and gastroparesis. These alternatives include ginger, peppermint tea, licorice root, chamomile, and glutamine. Consult your healthcare provider for more information on natural alternatives to Gopinorm.
Can Gopinorm be used to treat nausea caused by chemotherapy?
Yes, Gopinorm can be used to treat nausea caused by chemotherapy. It is important to talk to your healthcare provider about any potential side effects and risks associated with taking Gopinorm while receiving chemotherapy.
What should I tell my healthcare provider before taking Gopinorm?
It is important to tell your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you are currently taking, any known allergies, any history of seizures or epilepsy, as well as any medical conditions you may have. Be sure to also tell your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning on becoming pregnant.
Is Gopinorm habit forming?
No, Gopinorm is not habit forming. However, it is important not to increase the dosage of Gopinorm without consulting your healthcare provider.
Can Gopinorm be used to treat constipation?
No, Gopinorm is not recommended for the treatment of constipation. Talk to your healthcare provider about other treatment options for constipation.
What are the most common interactions of Gopinorm?
The most common drug interactions of Gopinorm include phenytoin, phenobarbital, lithium, antifungals, antiviral drugs, and estrogens. It is important to tell your healthcare provider about all the medications and supplements you are currently taking before starting Gopinorm.
Is Gopinorm used to treat diabetic gastroparesis?
Yes, Gopinorm is used to treat diabetic gastroparesis, which is a condition that affects the rate at which food exits the stomach. Take Gopinorm as directed by your healthcare provider in order to properly treat diabetic gastroparesis.
Is Gopinorm a prokinetic medication?
Yes, Gopinorm is a prokinetic medication, meaning it facilitates the movement of food through the gastrointestinal system. It can also help to reduce symptoms of GERD and nausea.
Can Gopinorm help improve my appetite?
Yes, Gopinorm can help improve your appetite. It is believed to increase the release of the hormone cholecystokinin, which triggers a feeling of fullness in the stomach and can increase appetite.
Can Gopinorm cause arrhythmias?
Yes, Gopinorm can cause arrhythmias when taken in high doses. If you experience an irregular heartbeat or any other symptoms of an arrhythmia while taking Gopinorm, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Can Gopinorm cause sleepiness?
Yes, Gopinorm can cause sleepiness as a side effect. If you experience excessive sleepiness while taking Gopinorm, contact your healthcare provider.
Can I take Gopinorm with ibuprofen?
Yes, it is safe to take Gopinorm with ibuprofen. However, if you are taking any other medications or supplements, it is important to ask your healthcare provider before taking Gopinorm with ibuprofen.
Should I take Gopinorm on an empty stomach?
It is recommended to take Gopinorm 30 minutes before a meal. It may be less effective if taken on an empty stomach.
Can Gopinorm be used to treat hiccups?
Yes, Gopinorm can be used to effectively treat hiccups. Your healthcare provider will recommend the appropriate dosage for treating hiccups.
Which conditions may interfere with the effectiveness of Gopinorm?
Conditions such as hypothyroidism, liver disease, kidney disease, or certain electrolyte imbalances can interfere with the effectiveness of Gopinorm. Tell your healthcare provider about any existing medical conditions.
How long does it take for Gopinorm to reach peak effect?
For most people, the effects of Gopinorm will typically be seen within 1 to 3 hours after taking the medicine. However, it can take up to 5 days for Gopinorm to reach its peak effect.
Can Gopinorm cause tardive dyskinesia?
Yes, there is a risk of developing tardive dyskinesia when taking Gopinorm. Talk to your healthcare provider about the risk associated with taking Gopinorm and what symptoms to look for in order to recognize the side effect early.
Should I take Gopinorm with food or on an empty stomach?
It is generally recommended to take Gopinorm 30 minutes before a meal. However, it is okay to take Gopinorm with food, but it may not be as effective at speeding up the stomach emptying process.
Does Gopinorm affect the production of serotonin?
Yes, Gopinorm has been known to interfere with the production of serotonin in some patients. Talk to your healthcare provider about the potential risks of taking Gopinorm if you are taking a medication that affects serotonin levels.
Can Gopinorm be used to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy?
Yes, Gopinorm can be used to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, though it should only be taken under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Talk to your doctor about any increased risks associated with taking Gopinorm while pregnant.
What should I do if I experience any serious side effects while taking Gopinorm?
If you experience any serious side effects while taking Gopinorm, such as difficulty breathing, chest pain, fever, confusion, or abnormal sensations, contact your healthcare provider right away.
Can I take Gopinorm while breastfeeding?
Although not recommended, it is safe for most women to take Gopinorm while breastfeeding. Talk to your healthcare provider about any potential risks associated with taking Gopinorm while breastfeeding.
Can Gopinorm affect my hormones?
Yes, Gopinorm can affect your hormones, particularly the release of growth hormone. Monitor your hormone levels closely if you take Gopinorm for an extended period of time.
Does Gopinorm affect the absorption of other medications?
Yes, Gopinorm may affect the absorption of certain medications, including antifungals, antiviral drugs, and estrogens. Speak to your healthcare provider about the potential for interactions with other medications.
Can Gopinorm elevate my blood pressure?
High doses of Gopinorm can cause a temporary increase in blood pressure. Talk to your healthcare provider about your concerns to find out if Gopinorm is right for you.