Exembol
Exembol Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Exembol is a brand name. Its generic name is Argatroban.
Exembol Introduction
Exembol is an anticoagulant drug that is used to prevent clotting in patients with certain medical conditions. It belongs to a class of medications called direct thrombin inhibitors and works by blocking thrombin, an enzyme involved in blood clot formation. It is approved for use in Europe and the United States.
Uses
Exembol is used to prevent clotting in patients with certain medical conditions, such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and mechanical heart valve prostheses. It may also be used to prevent or treat bacterial endocarditis.
Mechanism of Action
Exembol works by blocking thrombin, an enzyme involved in blood clot formation. It stops the formation of fibrin, a protein that helps make up clots. By blocking thrombin, Exembol prevents the formation of clots that can block arteries and can cause serious heart problems.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
The effectiveness of Exembol varies depending on the individual and the severity of the condition being treated. However, in general, it begins to take effect within a few minutes of administration.
Absorption
Exembol is completely and rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and eliminated from the body within 6 hours.
Route of Elimination
Exembol is primarily eliminated from the body through the kidney, with only small amounts being removed in the feces.
Dosage
The recommended dose of Exembol varies depending on the patient and the condition being treated. It is typically administered as a continuous intravenous infusion. It can also be administered as an intravenous bolus dose or as an intrathecal injection. The typical dose for patients with HIT is 2 mg/kg/hr. The typical dose for patients with ACS is 5 mcg/kg/min. The typical dose for patients with mechanical heart valve prostheses is 2 to 4 mcg/kg/min.
Administration
Exembol is administered intravenously either as a continuous infusion or as an intravenous bolus dose. When administered as an intravenous bolus dose, it is typically given over no more than two minutes, followed by a continuous infusion. It can also be administered as an intrathecal injection.
Side Effect
Common side effects of Exembol include low platelet count, headache, back pain, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. More serious side effects may include bleeding, rash, hives, difficulty breathing, and anemia.
Toxicity
Exembol is generally well-tolerated, but can cause serious side effects in some patients. Overdose or mistaken administration of Exembol can be life-threatening and can cause bleeding. If a patient experiences any of the signs of an overdose-bleeding, rash, hives, difficulty breathing-seek medical attention immediately.
Precaution
Exembol should not be used in patients with active moco-coagulable conditions, including thrombocytopenia and uncontrolled bleeding. It should also not be used in pregnant or breast-feeding women, as it may be harmful to the fetus or infant.
Interaction
Exembol can interact with other medications, including aspirin, warfarin, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, and heparin. Always speak to your doctor or pharmacist about other medications you are taking before using Exembol.
Disease Interaction
Exembol should be used with caution in patients with kidney or liver disease. It can cause accumulation of the drug in the body in these patients, which can cause serious side effects.
Drug Interactions
Exembol may interact with other medications, including aspirin, warfarin, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, and heparin. Always speak to your doctor or pharmacist about other medications you are taking before using Exembol.
Food Interactions
There are no known food interactions for Exembol. However, it is important to tell your doctor or pharmacist about all prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements you are taking.
Pregnancy Use
Exembol should not be used in pregnant women as it may be harmful to the fetus. It should be used only if clearly needed and the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Speak to your doctor before using this medication if you are pregnant.
Lactation Use
Exembol should not be used in lactating mothers as it may be harmful to the infant. It should be used only if clearly needed and the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Speak to your doctor before using this medication if you are breastfeeding.
Acute Overdose
Overdose or mistaken administration of Exembol can be life-threatening and can cause bleeding. If a patient experiences any of the signs of an overdose-bleeding, rash, hives, difficulty breathing-seek medical attention immediately.
Contraindication
Exembol should not be used in patients with active moco-coagulable conditions, including thrombocytopenia and uncontrolled bleeding. It should also not be used in pregnant or breast-feeding women.
Use Direction
Exembol should only be administered as directed by your doctor. It should not be administered for more or less time than recommended. Do not change the dose of the medication or the frequency or duration of use without consulting your doctor.
Storage Condition
Exembol should be stored at room temperature, in a dry and dark place, and away from children. It should also be protected from light and stored in its original container.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of Exembol is 0.56 liters/kg.
Half Life
The half life of Exembol is 30 minutes.
Clearance
The clearance of Exembol is 5 ml/min/kg.
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