Etropen
Etropen Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Etropen is a brand name. Its generic name is Ertapenem.
Etropen Introduction
Etropen is an antibiotic belonging to the carbapenem class of antibiotics. It is commonly used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It is used to treat a variety of infections caused by susceptible gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It is also used to prevent infection in those undergoing certain surgical procedures. Etropen has excellent in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, although there is some variation of activity depending on the isolate.
Uses for Etropen
Etropen is approved for use for infections of the abdomen, such as intra-abdominal abscesses and surgical infections; infections of the skin and upper respiratory tract; gynecologic infections, such as lower endometritis and pelvic help infections; intra-abdominal infections, such as cholangitis, cholecystitis, appendicitis; and urinary tract and prostate infections, such as pyelonephritis.
Mechanism of Action
Etropen inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs). Its primary target is considered to be PBP3, which is important in cross-linking peptidoglycan molecules in bacteria cell walls. Etropen also binds to PBPs in some Gram-negative bacteria, and can inhibit both cell wall synthesis and some enzymes, such as DNA gyrase.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Etropen begins to work within a few hours against susceptible organisms. The full therapeutic effects may take several days. In acute infections, improvement may be seen within 48 hours.
Absorption
Etropen is rapidly and completely absorbed after administration by the intramuscular or intravenous route.
Route of Elimination
Etropen is primarily eliminated via the kidneys. About 50% of an administered dose is eliminated unchanged in the urine, but the remainder is metabolized to inactive metabolites. It is rapidly excreted, with a half-life of 1-3 hours.
Dosage
The dosage and duration of ertapenem therapy differs on the indication. The recommended dosage for bacterial infections of the skin and structures is 1 g, administered once daily. For intra-abdominal infections, the recommended dose is 1 g administered once daily. For gynecologic infections, the dosage is 1 g, administered once daily. For pneumonia, the dose is 500 mg, administered every twelve hours. For urinary tract infections, the recommended dosage is 1 g administered once daily.
Administration
Etropen is typically administered intravenously or intramuscularly. It should be administered slowly by intravenous infusion over 30 minutes. It can also be given by deep intramuscular injection.
Side Effects
The most common side effects of ertapenem are nausea, headache, diarrhea, dizziness, and injection site reactions. Other side effects include rash, pruritus, urticaria, and anaphylaxis.
Toxicity
Etropen has a wide therapeutic range, and is generally regarded as safe. In rare cases, an overdose of ertapenem can lead to renal toxicity, hypotension, and seizures.
Precautions
Patients should be monitored for signs of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding while receiving ertapenem. ertapenem should also be used with caution in patients with history of allergic reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins. ertapenem should also not be used to treat infections caused by viruses.
Interactions
Etropen may interact with other medications, including anticoagulants, quinolones, and immunosuppressants. Etropen should not be used with probenecid or drugs that block penicillin binding proteins. Patients should speak to their doctor or pharmacist before starting ertapenem to avoid interactions.
Disease Interactions
Etropen can worsen certain medical conditions and should not be used in patients with pre-existing kidney disease or electrolyte disturbances. ertapenem can also cause hyperkalemia, so patients with renal dysfunction or kidney disease should be closely monitored while taking ertapenem.
Drug Interactions
Etropen may interact with other medications. Some medications may increase or decrease the availability of ertapenem, leading to increased or decreased drug levels in the body. Additionally, certain medications may increase the risk of side effects such as seizures or renal toxicity. Patients should speak to their doctor or pharmacist before taking ertapenem.
Food Interactions
Etropen should be taken at least two hours before or after meals. Taking ertapenem with food may decrease its absorption and effectiveness.
Pregnancy Use
Etropen has not been studied in pregnant women. It is not known if ertapenem is safe during pregnancy; however, it may be used for pregnant women if the benefits outweigh the risks.
Lactation Use
Etropen has not been studied in breastfeeding women. It is not known if ertapenem is safe during breastfeeding; however, it may be used for breastfeeding women if the benefits outweigh the risks.
Acute Overdose
An acute overdose of ertapenem may lead to seizures, hypotension, and renal toxicity. Treatment for an overdose is supportive, and immediate medical attention is recommended.
Contraindication
Etropen should not be used in patients who are hypersensitive to it or to other carbapenems or penicillins. Additionally, ertapenem should not be used to treat infections caused by viruses.
Use Directions
Etropen should be taken as directed by your doctor and on the dosage invoice provided. Missing doses should be taken as soon as possible. In case of an overdose, seek immediate medical attention.
Storage Condition
Etropen should be stored at room temperature, away from heat and moisture. Keep the medication in a tightly closed container.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of ertapenem is 0.6-0.9 L/kg.
Half Life
The half-life of ertapenem is 1-3 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of ertapenem in adults is 13-18 mL/min/kg.
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