Empagliflozin
Empagliflozin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Empagliflozin is a brand name. Its generic name is Empagliflozin.
Introduction
Empagliflozin is an anti-diabetic medication prescribed to help control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. It is generally used in conjunction with diet and exercise to get the best results from the treatment.
Uses For
Empagliflozin is used to treat type 2 diabetes in adult patients. It is important to note that Empagliflozin does not take the place of regular exercise and a healthy diet. The medication should be combined with these lifestyle changes to help improve the patient's wellbeing and health.
Mechanism of Action
Empagliflozin works by increasing the amount of glucose excreted in the urine by blocking sodium-glucose cotransporters in the renal proximal tubule. This in turn helps to reduce the amount of glucose present in the bloodstream, improving glycemic control.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Empagliflozin can start to take effect after as little as two weeks. The most significant results are seen after about 2 months. After this amount of time, the medication should be reassessed to ensure that it is still effective.
Absorption
Empagliflozin is rapidly absorbed following oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations of the drug are typically achieved in less than 90 minutes.
Route of Elimination
Empagliflozin is excreted predominantly in the urine and to a lesser degree in the feces. Only a small portion of the drug is metabolized.
Dosage
The usual starting dose for Empagliflozin is 10 mg once daily. The dose can be increased to 25 mg per day based on blood glucose control. The maximum dose is 25 mg per day.
Administration
Empagliflozin should be taken once a day with or without food. Taking the medication at the same time each day will help to ensure the desired results are achieved.
Side Effect
Common side effects of Empagliflozin include: nausea, diarrhea, urinary tract infections, and upper respiratory tract infections. Other side effects that may occur include increased cholesterol levels, urinary frequency, dizziness, and rash.
Toxicity
The toxic dose of Empagliflozin is unknown but toxic doses of other sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been reported in cases of accidental ingestion or overdose. Symptoms of overdose include vomiting, abdominal pain, low blood sugar levels, metabolic acidosis, fluid and electrolyte disturbances, and changes in heart rate and rhythm.
Precaution
Empagliflozin should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment, severe congestive heart failure, hepatic impairment, and in those with a history of ketoacidosis. Close medical supervision is also necessary in cases of dehydration and during periods of high fluid loss due to exercise.
Interaction
Empagliflozin can interact with certain medications such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, corticosteroids, and thiazolidinediones. These interactions may increase or decrease the effectiveness of the Empagliflozin, or in rare cases may increase the risk of side effects. It is important to consult with a doctor before taking Empagliflozin with any other medication.
Disease Interaction
Empagliflozin can interact with certain diseases such as congestive heart failure, renal impairment, and hepatic impairment. Close medical supervision is necessary in these cases to ensure that the medication is taken in the safest and most effective way.
Drug Interaction
Empagliflozin can interact with several other medications such as ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, diuretics, corticosteroids, and thiazolidinediones. Careful monitoring is necessary to ensure that the drug is taken in the safest and most effective manner.
Food Interaction
Empagliflozin has no known food interactions. However, it is important to inform your doctor about any other medications being taken or any food allergies or intolerances in order to ensure that the drug is safe to take.
Pregnancy Use
Empagliflozin is generally not recommended to be taken by pregnant women. If a woman becomes pregnant while taking Empagliflozin, they should contact their doctor immediately.
Lactation Use
Empagliflozin is not recommended to be taken by women who are breastfeeding. If a woman is breastfeeding while taking the medication, she should contact her doctor to discuss alternative options.
Acute Overdose
Symptoms of acute overdose of Empagliflozin include vomiting, abdominal pain, low blood sugar levels, metabolic acidosis, fluid and electrolyte disturbances, and changes in heart rate and rhythm.
Contraindication
Empagliflozin is contraindicated for use in patients who are hypersensitive to any of the ingredients in the medication. It should also not be used in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Use Direction
Empagliflozin should be taken as directed by the prescribing physician. The usual dose is 10mg orally once per day. If more control is needed, the dose may be increased to 25 mg per day.
Storage Condition
Empagliflozin tablets should be stored in a cool, dry place away from excess heat and moisture. The medication should be kept out of the reach of children and should not be shared with other people.
Volume of Distribution
Empagliflozin has a volume of distribution of approximately 2.3 L/kg.
Half Life
The half-life of Empagliflozin is approximately 17 to 20 hours.
Clearance
Empagliflozin is eliminated primarily by renal excretion. It has an oral clearance of approximately 115 mL/min.
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Some Frequently Asked Questions About Empagliflozin
What is Empagliflozin?
Empagliflozin is a prescription medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes. It belongs to a class of medicines called sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors.
What is the use of Empagliflozin?
Empagliflozin is used to reduce blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. It can also decrease blood pressure and improve cholesterol levels.
How does Empagliflozin work?
Empagliflozin works by inhibiting the action of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys. By doing this, it reduces the amount of glucose that is reabsorbed into the bloodstream, thus lowering blood sugar levels.
How often should I take Empagliflozin?
Empagliflozin is typically taken once daily with or without food. Your doctor may adjust the dosage depending on how you respond to the medication.
What side effects can Empagliflozin cause?
Common side effects of Empagliflozin include headache, urinary tract infection, increased urination, and genital infection. More serious side effects include dehydration, low blood sugar, low blood pressure, and kidney problems. Contact your doctor if you experience any of these side effects.
Can I take other medications while taking Empagliflozin?
Consult your doctor before taking other medications while taking Empagliflozin. Some medications may interact with the medication, causing serious side effects.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Empagliflozin?
If you miss a dose of Empagliflozin, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule.
Are there any drug interactions with Empagliflozin?
Some medications, such as diuretics, may interact with Empagliflozin, causing serious side effects. It is important to tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter medications, vitamins and herbal supplements, before starting Empagliflozin.
What is the most important information I should know about Empagliflozin?
Empagliflozin may cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and can lead to dehydration. It is important to follow the instructions given by your doctor and talk to your doctor if you have any questions about using the medication.
Is Empagliflozin effective for treating type 2 diabetes?
Yes, Empagliflozin is effective for treating type 2 diabetes. In clinical studies, patients taking Empagliflozin for up to two years had significant reductions in their blood sugar levels and an increase in their quality of life.
What is the recommended dosage of Empagliflozin?
The recommended starting dose of Empagliflozin is 10 mg once daily. Your doctor may increase the dose to 25 mg once daily, depending on how you respond to the medication.
Is there an age limit on who can take Empagliflozin?
Yes, Empagliflozin is only approved for use in patients over 18 years of age.
How long does it take for Empagliflozin to take effect?
Empagliflozin typically begins to take effect within two to four weeks of starting treatment.
How can I store Empagliflozin?
Store Empagliflozin in a cool, dry place at room temperature. Do not expose the medication to heat or sunlight.
Can I take Empagliflozin while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Empagliflozin has not been tested in pregnant or breastfeeding women and is not recommended. If you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant, talk to your doctor before using Empagliflozin.
Are there any other drugs in the same drug class as Empagliflozin?
Yes, there are other drugs in the same drug class as Empagliflozin, including canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and ertugliflozin.
Should I take Empagliflozin with food?
Empagliflozin can be taken with or without food. Talk to your doctor about the best way to take Empagliflozin.
Can Empagliflozin be used to treat type 1 diabetes?
No, Empagliflozin is not approved for use in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Empagliflozin?
It is not recommended to drink alcohol while taking Empagliflozin. Alcohol can increase the risk of low blood sugar levels.
What if I take too much Empagliflozin?
If you accidentally take too much Empagliflozin, contact your doctor right away. Overdose symptoms can include dehydration, low blood sugar, low blood pressure, and kidney problems.
Can I take Empagliflozin if I have kidney problems?
If you have kidney problems, talk to your doctor before using Empagliflozin. Your doctor may give you a lower dose or recommend a different medication.
What if I experience an allergic reaction to Empagliflozin?
If you have an allergic reaction to Empagliflozin, stop taking the medication and contact your doctor right away. Symptoms of an allergic reaction can include rash, itching, difficulty breathing, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.
What should I tell my doctor before taking Empagliflozin?
It is important to tell your doctor about any medical conditions you have, medications you are taking, and any allergies you may have before taking Empagliflozin.
Can I take other diabetes medications while taking Empagliflozin?
Yes, it is common to take multiple diabetes medications while taking Empagliflozin. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about any potential drug interactions.
How long does it take for Empagliflozin to start working?
Empagliflozin typically begins to work within two to four weeks of starting treatment.
What should I do if I experience low blood sugar while taking Empagliflozin?
If you experience low blood sugar while taking Empagliflozin, it is important to treat it immediately. Eat or drink a fast-acting sugar like fruit juice, glucose tablets, or non-diet soda. Be sure to contact your doctor if your symptoms do not improve.
Can Empagliflozin help me lose weight?
Yes, Empagliflozin may help with weight loss. In clinical studies, patients taking the medication lost an average of 8.5 pounds at 6 months.
Should I take Empagliflozin if I have high blood pressure?
Empagliflozin may help lower blood pressure, but it is important to talk to your doctor if you have high blood pressure, as it can worsen the condition. Your doctor may prescribe other medications to help lower your blood pressure.
Can Empagliflozin cause low blood pressure?
Yes, Empagliflozin can cause low blood pressure. If you experience lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting after taking Empagliflozin, contact your doctor right away.
Can I take Empagliflozin if I am on dialysis?
No, Empagliflozin is not recommended for use in patients on dialysis and should not be taken by people with severe kidney impairment.
Can Empagliflozin cause blurred vision?
Yes, blurred vision can be a side effect of Empagliflozin. If you experience blurred vision, contact your doctor right away.
Does Empagliflozin cause sleep problems?
Empagliflozin has not been formally studied for its effects on sleep. If you experience any sleep disturbances while taking Empagliflozin, contact your doctor.
Can I take Empagliflozin if I'm elderly?
Yes, Empagliflozin can be used in elderly patients. However, elderly patients may be more likely to experience side effects such as low blood sugar or low blood pressure.
What should I do if I experience muscle or joint pain while taking Empagliflozin?
If you experience muscle or joint pain while taking Empagliflozin, contact your doctor. Your doctor may recommend that you take extra magnesium or calcium to help reduce the pain.
Can I take Empagliflozin if I am taking insulin?
Yes, it is possible to take Empagliflozin if you are taking insulin. However, it is important to talk to your doctor first as the two medications may interact, causing serious side effects.
Is Empagliflozin safe for long-term use?
Yes, Empagliflozin is safe for long-term use. In clinical trials, it was studied in patients for up to two years with no serious side effects.
Can I take Empagliflozin if I have had an organ transplant?
No, Empagliflozin is not recommended for use in patients who have had an organ transplant.
Does Empagliflozin increase the risk of birth defects?
Empagliflozin has not been studied in pregnant women, and its effects on the unborn baby are not known. Therefore, pregnant women should not take Empagliflozin unless instructed to do so by their doctor.