Dexmethylphenidatum
Dexmethylphenidatum Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Dexmethylphenidatum is a brand name. Its generic name is Dexmethylphenidate.
Dexmethylphenidatum Introduction
Dexmethylphenidatum is an active metabolite of the drug methylphenidate, a stimulant commonly used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It has been found to have a longer duration of action than methylphenidate and is also less likely to produce a "crash" at the end of its action.
Uses For Dexmethylphenidatum
Dexmethylphenidatum is mainly used to treat ADHD in both children and adults. Its primary purpose is to reduce short-term symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsiveness, and inattention. It may also be used to treat narcolepsy and enhance concentration in people without ADHD.
Mechanism of Action
Dexmethylphenidatum works by stimulating certain areas of the brain that play a role in regulating and controlling behaviors like concentration, focus, and impulse control. It causes an increased release of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter that affects mood and alertness. It also increases the activity of dopamine, a neurotransmitter involved in reward and pleasure.
How Long Does It Take To Work?
Dexmethylphenidatum typically takes effect within 30 minutes of taking it, though it can take up to 1 hour to reach peak levels in the bloodstream. Its effects may last up to 8 hours.
Absorption
Dexmethylphenidatum is rapidly and completely absorbed when taken orally, with peak concentrations occurring 1-2 hours after administration.
Route of Elimination
Dexmethylphenidatum is removed from the body mainly through the kidneys, via both the urine and feces. It is metabolized in the liver and has a half-life in the body of 5-7 hours.
Dosage
The typical dosage for dexmethylphenidate ranges from 2.5-40 mg daily, divided into 2-3 doses. The recommended starting dose is 5 mg for children and adults. Dosage should be adjusted gradually to reduce the risk of side effects.
Administration
Dexmethylphenidatum is available in extended-release capsules and tablets, which are taken orally once or twice daily. The extended-release form of the drug should not be chewed, crushed, or broken.
Side Effect
Common side effects of dexmethylphenidate include headache, nausea, decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, nervousness, irritability, stomach pain, and increased heart rate. Rare side effects include seizures, tics, and increased blood pressure.
Toxicity
High doses of dexmethylphenidate can lead to serious toxicity and even death. Symptoms of overdose include restlessness, tremors, confusion, hallucinations, rapid heartbeat, and seizures. If you or someone you know experiences these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.
Precaution
Dexmethylphenidatum should not be taken in combination with other stimulants, or in people with high blood pressure, anxiety, or certain mental health disorders. It should also not be taken if you are allergic to it or to any other ingredient in the formulation. You should inform your doctor of any other medication you are taking before using dexmethylphenidate.
Interaction
Dexmethylphenidatum may interact with other drugs and supplements, so it is important to inform your doctor of any medications you are currently taking. Dexmethylphenidatum should not be taken in combination with other stimulants, including those prescribed for ADHD or narcolepsy.
Disease Interaction
Dexmethylphenidatum should be used with caution in people with high blood pressure, certain mental health disorders, or an overactive thyroid. It can also worsen glaucoma, an eye condition that can lead to vision loss if not treated.
Drug Interaction
Drug interactions with dexmethylphenidate can occur when it is taken in combination with other stimulants, such as amphetamines, or with medications such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and clonidine. It is important to inform your doctor of any medications you are currently taking before using dexmethylphenidate.
Food Interactions
Food may decrease the amount of dexmethylphenidate absorbed in the body, so it should be taken on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. Grapefruit juice should also be avoided when taking dexmethylphenidate as it can increase the amount of the drug absorbed in the body.
Pregnancy Use
The use of dexmethylphenidate during pregnancy is not recommended as it can be absorbed by the fetus. The risk of birth defects or other adverse outcomes is unknown. It is important to inform your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding before using dexmethylphenidate.
Lactation Use
It is not known if dexmethylphenidate is excreted in breast milk. Because of potential adverse effects, it is not recommended to use dexmethylphenidate while breastfeeding.
Acute Overdose
An acute overdose of dexmethylphenidate can be life-threatening. Symptoms of overdose include restlessness, tremors, confusion, hallucinations, rapid heartbeat, and seizures. If you or someone you know experiences these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.
Contraindication
Dexmethylphenidatum should not be taken in combination with other stimulants, or in people with high blood pressure, anxiety, or certain mental health disorders. It should also not be taken if you are allergic to it or to any other ingredient in the formulation.
Use Direction
Dexmethylphenidatum should be taken orally as directed by your doctor. It is available in extended-release capsules and tablets, which are taken orally once or twice daily. It should be taken on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. Do not crush, chew, or break the extended-release tablets or capsules.
Storage Condition
Dexmethylphenidatum should be stored at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. It should be kept in a secure location out of reach of children and pets.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution for dexmethylphenidate is 0.6-1.5 L/kg.
Half Life
The half-life of dexmethylphenidate is 5-7 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of dexmethylphenidate is 11-12 mL/min/kg.
Here you find in details version of Dexmethylphenidatum