Carbastat
Carbastat Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Carbastat is a brand name. Its generic name is Carbachol.
Introduction
Carbastat is a cholinergic agent that acts as an agonist of both the muscarinic and non-muscarinic receptors. It is used primarily in ophthalmic applications and to treat gastrointestinal conditions such as accommodating spasm or achalasia. It is also used as an antidote to certain types of poisoning.Uses and Applications
Carbastat is primarily used in ophthalmic applications such as refractive surgeries, removal of adhesions affecting vision, and to address certain conditions of the pupil and anterior chamber. It is also used to treat gastrointestinal conditions such as accommodating spasm and achalasia. Additionally, it is used as an antidote for muscarinic-receptor-mediated poisoning.Mechanism of Action
Carbastat acts as an agonist of the muscarinic and non-muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. By acting on these receptors, carbachol produces its various therapeutic effects. Specifically, it causes the contraction of smooth muscle tissue, increases the production of digestive enzymes, stimulates the production of saliva, and increases the heart rate.How Long Does It Take to Work?
The time it takes for carbachol to produce therapeutic effects depends on a number of factors, including the dosage, route of administration, and the condition being treated. Generally, it can take anywhere from several minutes to a few hours for therapeutic effects to be noticed.Absorption
Carbastat is well absorbed when given orally or intravenously. However, it has poor topical absorption.Route of Elimination
Carbastat is rapidly metabolized and eliminated primarily by the kidneys and in part by the liver.Dosage
The dose of carbachol varies depending on the indication and route of administration.- Ophthalmic Use: The usual dose is 5-25 mg/day.
- Gastrointestinal Conditions: The initial dose is 5-25 mg orally or intravenously, and the dose can be increased up to 100 mg per day until desired effect is achieved.
- Poisoning: The dose depends on the type and extent of poisoning.
Administration
Carbastat may be taken orally, intravenously, or as an eye drop.Side Effects
The most common side effects of carbachol include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, abdominal pain, and low blood pressure. In rare cases, it can cause anaphylaxis, increased heart rate, facial muscle weakness, and eye irritation.Toxicity
Carbastat is relatively safe when used as prescribed. Overdose can cause life-threatening complications such as respiratory depression, bronchospasm, and cardiovascular collapse.Precautions
Carbastat should be used with caution in patients with a history of asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory diseases, as it can worsen the condition. It should also be avoided in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, urinary obstruction, and heart failure.Interaction
Carbastat may interact with other drugs that affect cholinergic receptors, such as anticholinergics, antacids, and beta-blockers. It may also interact with certain supplements.Disease Interaction
Carbastat may exacerbate certain medical conditions, such as narrow-angle glaucoma, urinary retention, heart failure, and asthma.Drug Interactions
Carbastat may interact with other drugs that affect acetylcholine receptors, such as anticholinergics, antacids, and beta-blockers.Food Interactions
Carbastat is not known to interact with any food or beverage.Pregnancy Use
Carbastat should be avoided during pregnancy as the safety has not been established.Lactation Use
Carbastat should be avoided during lactation as the safety has not been established.Acute Overdose
Acute overdose may lead to severe life-threatening complications such as respiratory depression, bronchospasm, and cardiovascular collapse. Treatment may involve supportive care and methods to enhance drug elimination.Contraindication
Carbastat should not be used in patients with a history of bronchial asthma, severe airway disease, or narrow-angle glaucoma.Use Direction
Carbastat should be taken as directed by the physician. It should not be taken more often than prescribed and the dose should not be exceeded.Storage Condition
Carbastat should be stored at room temperature in a tight, light-resistant container. Keep away from heat and moisture.Volume of Distribution
Carbastat has an apparent volume of distribution (Vd) of 2.2 L/kg.Half Life
The elimination half-life of carbachol is approximately 8 minutes.Clearance
The clearance of carbachol is approximately 0.3 L/kg/min.Here you find in details version of Carbastat