Azatioprina

Azatioprina Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Azatioprina is a brand name. Its generic name is Azathioprine.

Introduction

Azatioprina (brand name Imuran) is an immunosuppressive drug used to treat autoimmune diseases and to prevent organ transplant rejection. It works by suppressing the body’s immune system, slowing down its ability to produce antibodies and other immune cells that attack and damage healthy cells, tissues, and organs.

Uses for

Azatioprina is mainly used to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and multiple sclerosis. It is also used to help prevent organ transplant rejection.

Mechanism of Action

Azatioprina works by inhibiting the growth of new immune system cells. It does this by blocking the production of certain amino acids necessary for cell growth and division. Azatioprina also inhibits the production of other immune system cells that can attack and damage healthy cells.

How Long Does it Take To Work?

It typically takes at least 2 to 3 weeks before the full therapeutic effects of azathioprine are seen. The time frame may vary depending on the individual and the disease being treated.

Absorption

Azatioprina is absorbed rapidly following oral administration. It is metabolized in the liver and is eliminated mainly through the kidneys.

Route of Elimination

Azatioprina is primarily eliminated from the body through the urine. Some of the metabolized drug is also excreted in the bile.

Dosage

The usual initial oral dose of Azatioprina is 2 to 3 mg per kg of body weight per day, divided into two equal doses and taken with food. The dose may be increased by 1 to 2 mg per kg of body weight per day at weekly intervals, up to a maximum dose of 5 to 6 mg per kg of body weight per day.

Administration

Azatioprina should be taken with meals, preferably at the same time each day. It is also available in tablets, capsules, and liquid forms.

Side Effects

Common side effects of azathioprine include nausea, vomiting, anorexia, hepatitis, jaundice, bone marrow suppression, anemia, and thrombocytopenia.

Toxicity

Azatioprina can be toxic if taken in high doses. Overdose can cause liver damage, nausea, vomiting, rash, and decreased immunity.

Precautions

Azatioprina should not be taken by people who are pregnant or nursing, or who have an impaired liver or kidney function. People taking Azatioprina should also avoid exposure to sunlight, since the drug can increase the risk of sunburn.

Interaction

Azatioprina may interact with other drugs, including antibiotics, antifungals, anti-parasitics, and some over the counter medications. People taking Azatioprina should speak with their doctor before taking any new prescription or nonprescription medications.

Disease Interaction

Azatioprina may worsen existing conditions such as leukemia, lupus, or an infection. It may also increase the risk of developing new conditions, such as cancers and other autoimmune diseases.

Drug Interaction

Azatioprina may interact with certain drugs, such as barbiturates, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and some antibiotics. People taking Azatioprina should speak with their doctor before taking any new prescription or non-prescription medications.

Food Interactions

Azatioprina may interact with certain foods, such as dairy products, citrus juices, and alcoholic beverages. People taking azathioprine should speak with their doctor about any foods that should be avoided.

Pregnancy Use

Azatioprina has not been studied in pregnant women and should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should speak to their doctor before taking Azatioprina.

Lactation Use

Azatioprina has not been studied in nursing mothers and should not be used while breastfeeding. Women who are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed should speak to their doctor before taking Azatioprina.

Acute Overdose

Symptoms of an acute overdose may include nausea, vomiting, rash, decreased immunity, and liver damage. If an overdose is suspected, the person should be taken to an emergency room for evaluation and treatment.

Contraindication

Azatioprina should not be taken by people who are pregnant or nursing, or who have an impaired liver or kidney function. People with a history of blood disorders, or with a weakened immune system, should speak with their doctor before taking azathioprine.

Use Direction

Azatioprina should be taken as directed by your doctor. It is typically taken once or twice daily with food. It is important to take Azatioprina at the same time every day to maintain an even level in your system.

Storage Conditions

Azatioprina should be stored at room temperature in an airtight container. Keep away from heat, moisture, and direct light.

Volume of Distribution

Azatioprina has a volume of distribution of 0.310 L/kg.

Half-Life

The elimination half-life of azathioprine is 2.3 hours.

Clearance

The clearance rate of azathioprine is 0.60 mL/min/kg.

Here you find in details version of Azatioprina

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Azatioprina

What is Azatioprina?

Azatioprina is a medication that is used to treat autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. It is an immune-suppressing drug which works by decreasing the activity of the immune system, helping to slow down the progression of the disease.

What is the usual dosage of Azatioprina?

The usual dosage of Azatioprina is 50-250 mg per day, taken orally. The dose should be adjusted according to the response of your condition.

Is there any difference between Azatioprina and Imuran?

No, they are the same drug. The names are just different brand names for Azatioprina.

What are the side effects of taking Azatioprina?

The most common side effects when taking Azatioprina include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, stomach or abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia, weakness, constipation, and rash. Other less common side effects include hair loss, dry skin, and vision changes.

Is it safe to take Azatioprina during pregnancy?

It is not recommended to take Azatioprina during pregnancy due to the potential risks to the fetus. Discuss the risks and benefits of the drug with your doctor before taking it during pregnancy.

What interactions should be avoided when taking Azatioprina?

Azatioprina may interact with certain medications, such as blood thinners, steroids, cyclosporine, and tacrolimus, so it is important to discuss potential drug interactions with your doctor before taking Azatioprina.

Can I take Azatioprina with other medications?

Yes, you can take Azatioprina with other medications, but it is important to discuss potential drug interactions with your doctor before taking Azatioprina with any other medications.

What are the potential complications of taking Azatioprina?

The potential complications of taking Azatioprina include liver damage, increased risk of infection, bone marrow suppression, and an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. Discuss the potential risks with your doctor before taking the medication.

What should I do if I miss a dose of my Azatioprina?

If you miss a dose of your Azatioprina, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take it at the usual time. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

Are there any alternatives to Azatioprina?

Yes, there are several alternative medications for treating autoimmune conditions, such as cyclosporine, methotrexate, and leflunomide. It is important to discuss the potential risks and benefits of these medications with your doctor before taking them.

What should I do if I experience a side effect while taking Azatioprina?

If you experience any side effects while taking Azatioprina, it is important to contact your doctor right away. Do not stop taking Azatioprina without consulting your doctor first.

How long does it take Azatioprina to work?

It typically takes several weeks for Azatioprina to start working and begin having an effect on your condition. The length of time may vary depending on the severity of your condition and the dosage of the drug.

Do I need to take Azatioprina for the rest of my life?

It is not always necessary to take Azatioprina for the rest of your life. It is important to discuss this with your doctor so that an individual treatment plan can be devised.

What should I avoid while taking Azatioprina?

It is important to avoid alcohol consumption while taking Azatioprina, as it can increase the risk of liver damage. It is also important to avoid exposure to sunlight and UV lights, as this can increase the risk of skin reactions and other side effects. Discuss any other potential risks and precautions with your doctor.

What should I do if I overdose on Azatioprina?

If you think you have overdosed on Azatioprina, seek medical help right away. Do not take any other medications without consulting your doctor first.

Can Azatioprina be used to treat other conditions besides autoimmune diseases?

Azatioprina may also be used to treat certain skin conditions and some types of cancer, such as lymphoma and dermatomyositis. It is important to discuss any potential risks and benefits of the drug with your doctor before taking it.

How is Azatioprina supplied?

Azatioprina is a tablet that is supplied in 25 mg and 50 mg doses. The tablets can be taken orally, or they can be administered as an injection.

What is the recommended storage temperature for Azatioprina?

Azatioprina should be stored at room temperature between 15-25°C (59-77°F). It is important to keep this medication away from light, heat, and moisture.

What makes Azatioprina different from other immunosuppressants?

Azatioprina is an immunosuppressant drug that works by targeting the immune system and decreasing its activity. This makes it different from other immunosuppressants, which may also target other body systems. It is important to discuss any potential risks and benefits of the drug with your doctor before taking it.

Can I take Azatioprina if I have certain allergies?

If you have any known allergies, you should discuss them with your doctor before taking Azatioprina. This is to ensure that the drug will be safe for you to take and that you are not at an increased risk of any allergic reactions.

Does Azatioprina increase the risk of infection?

Yes, Azatioprina suppresses the activity of the immune system, which increases the risk of infection. It is important to take any preventative measures you can to avoid getting sick while taking this medication.

Is there a generic version of Azatioprina available?

Yes, there is a generic version of Azatioprina available. The name of the generic version is Imuran.

Can I still take Azatioprina if I have kidney problems?

If you have kidney problems, it is important to discuss them with your doctor before taking Azatioprina. Your doctor may lower the dosage or adjust the frequency of the medication to ensure that it is safe for you to take.

Can I donate blood while taking Azatioprina?

No, it is not recommended to donate blood while taking Azatioprina, as the drug can be passed into the blood supply. Talk to your doctor if you have any questions.

Can I take electrolyte supplements while on Azatioprina?

Yes, you can take electrolyte supplements while taking Azatioprina. However, it is important to check with your doctor before taking any supplements, as they could interact with the medication.

What is the recommended time to take Azatioprina?

It is recommended to take Azatioprina once per day, in the morning. You can take it with or without food. It is important to take the medication at the same time each day to maintain an even level in your system.

Can I take Azatioprina if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?

It is not recommended to take Azatioprina if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. This is because it can be passed from the mother to the baby and can cause harm. Discuss the potential risks and benefits of the drug with your doctor before taking it.

Can Azatioprina cause liver damage?

Yes, taking Azatioprina can increase the risk of liver damage. It is important to discuss any potential risks with your doctor before taking this medication.

Can I take a multivitamin while taking Azatioprina?

Yes, you can take a multivitamin while taking Azatioprina. However, it is important to check with your doctor before taking any additional supplements, as they could interact with the medication.

What are the long-term effects of taking Azatioprina?

The long-term effects of taking Azatioprina can vary, but they can include an increased risk of bone marrow suppression, increased risk of liver damage, and an increased risk of developing certain types of cancers. Discuss any potential long-term effects with your doctor before taking the medication.

Can I take Azatioprina if I have an infection?

No, it is not recommended to take Azatioprina if you have an infection, as it can increase the risk of the infection spreading. It is important to discuss any potential infection with your doctor before taking the medication.

Can I take herbal supplements while taking Azatioprina?

Yes, you can take herbal supplements while taking Azatioprina. However, it is important to check with your doctor before taking any supplements, as they could interact with the medication.

What happens if I accidentally take too much Azatioprina?

If you accidentally take too much Azatioprina, it is important to seek medical help right away. Do not take any other medications without consulting your doctor first.

What should I do if I experience a serious side effect while taking Azatioprina?

If you experience any serious side effects while taking Azatioprina, it is important to get medical help right away. Do not stop taking the medication without consulting your doctor first.

What should I do if I experience a rash or other skin reactions while taking Azatioprina?

If you experience any rash or other skin reactions while taking Azatioprina, it is important to seek medical help right away. Do not stop taking the medication without consulting your doctor first.

Can Azatioprina cause weight gain?

Yes, taking Azatioprina can increase the risk of weight gain. It is important to discuss any potential risks with your doctor before taking the medication.

Is Azatioprina safe for children?

Azatioprina is not recommended for children under the age of 6. It is important to discuss the potential risks and benefits of the drug with your doctor before giving it to a child.

Can I take Azatioprina if I have high blood pressure?

Yes, you can take Azatioprina if you have high blood pressure. However, it is important to discuss any potential risks with your doctor before taking the medication.

Does Azatioprina cause dizziness?

Yes, taking Azatioprina can increase the risk of dizziness. It is important to discuss any potential risks with your doctor before taking the medication.

Does Azatioprina raise blood sugar levels?

Yes, taking Azatioprina can increase the risk of high blood sugar levels. It is important to discuss any potential risks with your doctor before taking the medication.

Is it safe to take Azatioprina if I have heart disease?

It is not recommended to take Azatioprina if you have heart disease, as the drug can increase the risk of complications. Discuss the potential risks and benefits of the drug with your doctor before taking it.

Can I take Azatioprina if I have an allergy to other medications?

If you have any known allergies, it is important to discuss them with your doctor before taking Azatioprina. This is to ensure that the drug will be safe for you to take and that you are not at an increased risk of any allergic reactions.