adempas
adempas Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? adempas is a brand name. Its generic name is Riociguat.
Introduction
adempas (brand name Adempas) is an orally administered prescription medicine used to treat adults suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Specifically, adempas is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat WHO Group 1 PAH and CTEPH in adults, to improve exercise ability, and slow the progression of the disease.
Uses for
adempas is indicated to treat adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). It can improve exercise ability, and slow the progression of the disease.
Mechanism of Action
adempas works by increasing the production of Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP), a compound found naturally in the body. This compound plays an important role in regulating blood flow and helps to open up the blood vessels in the lungs allowing more oxygen-rich blood to flow through the blood vessels in the lungs.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
adempas is typically taken twice daily, and works quickly after the first dose. Patients may start to experience improvement in their exercise ability within two weeks.
Absorption
adempas is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration. Maximum concentrations of the drug are reached within 1 – 2 hours after oral administration.
Route of Elimination
adempas is primarily eliminated via the kidneys and feces.
Dosage
The recommended dose of riociguat is 2.5 mg twice a day. However, the dose should be adjusted depending on individual response and tolerability. The maximum recommended dose of riociguat is 5 mg twice daily.
Administration
adempas should be taken twice daily, with or without food, and swallowed whole with a glass of water.
Side Effect
Common side effects of riociguat include headaches, back pain, dizziness, vomiting, indigestion, and diarrhea. In rare cases, more serious side effects may occur. These can include vision or hearing problems, fainting, chest pain, fast heart rate, or skin reactions.
Toxicity
There is no information on the potential toxicity of riociguat. However, patients should not exceed the recommended dose and seek medical help if they experience symptoms of an overdose.
Precaution
Patients should inform their doctor if they have any pre-existing disease or medical condition such as liver or kidney disease, high or low blood pressure, or heart problems before taking riociguat. Patients should also speak to their doctor about any other medication they are taking as some medications may interact with riociguat.
Interaction
adempas is known to interact with warfarin, PDE5 inhibitors (e.g. sildenafil), nitrates, and a number of other medications. Patients should consult with their doctor before taking any new medications while taking riociguat.
Disease Interaction
adempas may interact with certain diseases, particularly those of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal systems. Patients should consult with their doctor before taking riociguat if they have any of the following disorders: liver or kidney disease, high or low blood pressure, or heart problems.
Drug Interaction
adempas is known to interact with warfarin, PDE5 inhibitors (e.g. sildenafil), nitrates, and a number of other medications. Patients should consult with their doctor before taking any new medications while taking riociguat.
Food Interactions
adempas can be taken without regard to food, and does not interact with food.
Pregnancy Use
adempas has not been studied in pregnant women and it is not known if it is safe to use during pregnancy. Women should speak to their healthcare provider before taking riociguat to determine if it is safe and appropriate for them.
Lactation Use
It is not known whether riociguat is excreted in human milk. Therefore, women should speak to their healthcare provider before taking riociguat to determine if it is safe and appropriate for them.
Acute Overdose
There is no specific antidote for riociguat overdose. Treatment should consist of supportive and symptomatic care. Patients should seek immediate medical attention if they experience symptoms of an overdose.
Contraindication
adempas is contraindicated in pregnant women, patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C) or end stage renal disease, and in patients taking nitrates, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, or potent CYP3A4 inhibitors.
Use Direction
adempas should be taken twice daily, with or without food, and swallowed whole with a glass of water. The recommended dose is 2.5 mg twice a day. The maximum recommended dose is 5 mg twice daily. Patients should not exceed the recommended dose and seek medical help if they experience symptoms of an overdose.
Storage Condition
adempas should be stored at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and heat. Patients should keep the medication out of reach of children and pets.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of riociguat is approximately 77 L, indicating extensive distribution into body tissues.
Half Life
The average half-life of riociguat is 17 hours, but may be prolonged in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment and/or severe renal impairment.
Clearance
adempas is primarily cleared by the kidneys, however, mild to moderate hepatic impairment and severe renal impairment can reduce its clearance.
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