Zelnorm
Zelnorm Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Zelnorm is a brand name. Its generic name is Tegaserod.
Zelnorm Introduction
Zelnorm is an orally administered, small neutral synthetic molecule designed to act as a partial receptor agonist of the 5-HT4 receptor on both the myenteric plexus of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the peripheral nervous system. It is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of women aged 18 years or older suffering from irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and the treatment of chronic constipation.
Uses
Zelnorm is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of women aged 18 years or older suffering from irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and the treatment of chronic constipation.
Mechanism of Action
Zelnorm works directly on the 5-HT4 receptor, which is found in the myenteric plexus of the gastrointestinal tract and also in the peripheral nervous system. Once activated, the 5-HT4 receptor triggers an increase in GI motility, accelerates transit through the colon, and increases secretion of water and electrolytes in order to soften the stool and facilitate defecation.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Studies of Zelnorm indicate that the onset of improvement in symptoms following treatment generally occurs within 1 to 2 weeks. Improvement continues over the course of treatment.
Absorption
Zelnorm is rapidly absorbed with peak plasma concentrations achieved in about 1 hour after oral administration. The bioavailability of Zelnorm is estimated to be around 80%.
Route of Elimination
Zelnorm is eliminated mainly via the urine. The elimination half-life of Zelnorm is approximately 11 hours.
Dosage
The recommended dose of Zelnorm for the symptomatic treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) in adult women is 6 mg once daily taken orally with or without food. For the treatment of chronic constipation in adult women, the recommended dose is 12 mg once daily taken orally with or without food. The tablets should be swallowed whole with fluids.
Administration
Zelnorm should be taken orally, with or without food, every day at the same time. The tablets should be swallowed whole with fluids.
Side Effects
Common side effects associated with Zelnorm include abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, flatulence, headache, indigestion, vomiting, and dizziness. Less common side effects include anorexia, dyspepsia, depression, and dysgeusia.
Toxicity
Zelnorm is generally well tolerated with few side effects reported. There has been no evidence of developmental, reproductive, or other long-term toxicity reported with Zelnorm.
Precautions
Zelnorm should be used with caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment. In addition, Zelnorm should be used with caution in patients with neurological or cardiovascular disorders, and those taking medications that are substrates for CYP3A4 or inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4.
Interaction
Zelnorm may interact with medications that are substrates of CYP3A4 as well as medications that inhibit or induce CYP3A4 activity. Drug-drug interactions should be considered prior to starting therapy with Zelnorm.
Disease Interaction
Zelnorm should be used with caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, as well as those with neurological or cardiovascular disorders. Patients with these conditions should be monitored closely while on Zelnorm therapy.
Drug Interaction
Zelnorm may interact with medications that are substrates of CYP3A4 as well as medications that inhibit or induce CYP3A4 activity. Drug-drug interactions should be considered prior to starting therapy with Zelnorm.
Food Interactions
Zelnorm may be taken with or without food. The absorption of Zelnorm is not known to be affected by food.
Pregnancy Use
Zelnorm is not recommended for use during pregnancy. Animal studies have shown an increased risk of fetal abnormalities, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Zelnorm use in pregnant women.
Lactation Use
Zelnorm is not recommended for use during breastfeeding. It is not known whether Zelnorm is excreted in human milk.
Acute Overdose
In the event of an overdose, the patient should be monitored closely for any signs of adverse reactions and appropriate medical intervention should be administered. There is no specific antidote for an acute overdose of Zelnorm.
Contraindication
Zelnorm is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to Zelnorm or any of its components. Additionally, Zelnorm should not be used in patients with known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction, history of GI perforation, and/or severe diarrhea.
Use Direction
Zelnorm should be taken orally, with or without food, every day at the same time. The tablets should be swallowed whole with fluids. For the symptomatic treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C), the recommended dose is 6 mg once daily. For the treatment of chronic constipation, the recommended dose is 12 mg once daily.
Storage Condition
Zelnorm should be stored at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.
Volume of Distribution
Zelnorm has a volume of distribution of approximately 1.4 L/kg.
Half Life
The elimination half-life of Zelnorm is approximately 11 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of Zelnorm is approximately 0.25 L/h/kg.
Here you find in details version of Zelnorm