Tramadol ER

Tramadol ER Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Tramadol ER is a brand name. Its generic name is Tramadol.

Tramadol ER

Tramadol ER, (generic name: tramadol hydrochloride), is an opioid medication used to treat moderate to severe pain. It is an opioid agonist, meaning it stimulates opioid receptors in the brain, activating them and producing an analgesic effect. Tramadol ER also works on serotonin and norepinephrine receptors, further enhancing its pain-relieving effect. Tramadol ER is available in both immediate-release and extended-release forms.

Uses For Tramadol ER

Tramadol ER is prescribed to treat moderate to severe pain in both adults and children, as well as in adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18. It is also used off-label to treat pain associated with fibromyalgia, painful neuropathy, and headaches. Because of its opiate-like effects, Tramadol ER is sometimes prescribed for the treatment of opioid dependence.

Mechanism Of Action

Tramadol ER works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, and increasing the activity of serotonin (which helps reduce the pain signals sent to the brain). Tramadol ER also binds to the norepinephrine receptor, which further enhances its pain-relieving effect. The combination of its opioid and monoamine agonism is responsible for its analgesic effects.

How Long Does It Take To Work?

Tramadol ER typically begins to work within 30 minutes to an hour of being taken. The duration of its effects usually last about 4-6 hours. With extended-release tablets, effects may last up to 12 hours.

Absorption

Tramadol ER is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gut into the blood stream, with peak blood levels occurring one to two hours after ingestion. It is highly soluble in water, and rapidly distributed throughout the body.

Route Of Elimination

Tramadol ER is broken down and eliminated by the liver and kidneys. About 90% of an administered dose is eliminated via the kidneys, and 10% via the bile. It typically takes 4-6 hours for tramadol to be eliminated from the body.

Dosage

Dosage of Tramadol ER depends on the task of its use. A starting dose of the medication is usually 25-50mg every four to six hours, for which the maximum dose should not exceed 400mg in a day. For treating breakthrough pain, the dose can be increased to 150-200mg per day. Extended release tablets should be taken once a day, with the maximum dose not exceeding 300mg in a day.

Administration

Tramadol ER can be taken orally or administered through an IV. Oral tablets and capsules should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects. Oral liquid preparations should be administered with a specifically designed measuring device, and not with a regular teaspoon.

Side Effect

Common side effects of Tramadol ER include nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, dizziness, headache, constipation, and dry mouth. Other side effects may include difficulty urinating, loss of appetite, sweating, confusion, and itchy skin. In some cases, more serious side effects such as respiratory depression, hallucinations, and seizures can occur.

Toxicity

Tramadol ER is generally considered safe and well-tolerated when used as prescribed. But at higher doses, especially when taken with other medications that also act on the central nervous system, it can be toxic, and may lead to serious respiratory depression, comas, and even death.

Precautions

Tramadol ER should be taken with caution, especially in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse or addiction, mental illness, thyroid problems, kidney or liver disease, or a history of convulsions, seizures, or head injury. Tramadol ER should not be taken concomitantly with MAO inhibitors, muscle relaxants, sedatives or other narcotic medications.

Interaction

Tramadol ER may interact with certain medications such as anticoagulants, antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, drugs for high blood pressure, drugs for mental illness, antihistamines, muscle relaxants, and opioids, increasing the risk of toxicity and other side effects.

Disease Interaction

Tramadol ER may interact with certain diseases such as seizure disorders, head injury, liver or kidney disease, and respiratory depression, increasing the risk of toxicity and other side effects. Patients with any of these diseases should talk to their doctor before starting tramadol therapy.

Drug Interaction

Tramadol ER can interact with several drugs, including alcohol, Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), anticoagulants, sedatives, muscle relaxants, and opioids. These interactions can increase the risk of toxicity and other side effects. Patients should check with their doctor before starting or stopping any medication while taking tramadol.

Food Interactions

Tramadol ER should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects. Grapefruit juice should be avoided when taking tramadol, as it can increase the absorption of the drug and potentially increase its toxicity. Certain foods such as aged cheese, red wine, and pickled or smoked meats can also interact with tramadol.

Pregnancy Use

Tramadol ER is not recommended for use in pregnant women. It is not known whether the drug is harmful to developing babies or if it passes into breast milk. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should talk to their doctor before taking tramadol.

Lactation Use

Tramadol ER should not be used during breastfeeding. It is not known whether the drug is harmful to developing babies or if it passes into breast milk. Women who are breastfeeding should talk to their doctor before taking tramadol.

Acute Overdose

Overdose of tramadol can lead to respiratory depression, comas, and even death. Symptoms of an overdose can include pinpoint pupils, confusion, slowed breathing, seizure, and loss of consciousness. Treatment for an overdose may include administration of naloxone, an opioid antagonist, or other supportive care measures.

Contraindication

Tramadol ER is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to it or any of its components. It is also contraindicated in patients who are taking MAO inhibitors, strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, and certain opioid drugs such as meperidine. Additionally, tramadol should not be taken in combination with alcohol or other CNS depressants.

Use Direction

Tramadol ER should be taken as directed by a physician. It should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects. The dosage of tramadol should be adjusted based on patient’s response and symptoms. It should not be taken concomitantly with MAO inhibitors, muscle relaxants, sedatives, or other narcotic medications.

Storage Condition

Tramadol ER should be stored at room temperature in a light-resistant, child-resistant container. It should be kept away from heat and moisture, and out of the reach of children and pets.

Volume Of Distribution

Tramadol ER has a volume of distribution of 0.4L/kg, meaning that 0.4L of the drug is distributed throughout the body for every kg of the patient’s weight.

Half Life

Tramadol ER has a half-life of 4-6 hours, meaning it takes 4-6 hours for half of the drug to be eliminated from the body.

Clearance

Tramadol ER has a clearance rate of 0.11L/kg/hour, meaning that 0.11L of the drug is eliminated from the body every hour for every kg of the patient’s weight.

Here you find in details version of Tramadol ER

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Tramadol ER

What is Tramadol ER?

Tramadol ER is an opioid-type pain reliever (analgesic) used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain. It is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations.

What is the generic name of Tramadol ER?

Tramadol ER's generic name is Ultram.

What is the mechanism of action of Tramadol ER?

Tramadol ER works by binding to and activating opioid receptors located in the brain, which helps reduce the perception of pain.

Is Tramadol ER a controlled substance?

Yes, Tramadol ER is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance in the United States, suggesting that it has a low potential for abuse.

How fast does Tramadol ER work?

Tramadol ER works within 30 minutes of taking a dose and its effects can last up to 4-6 hours.

How should Tramadol ER be taken?

Tramadol ER should be taken exactly as prescribed by the doctor. It can be taken with or without food but should not be crushed, split, or chewed before taking.

What are the side effects of Tramadol ER?

The most common side effects of Tramadol ER include nausea, vomiting, constipation, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and dry mouth.

Can I take acetaminophen and Tramadol ER together?

Yes, acetaminophen and Tramadol ER can be taken together as long as the total daily dose of acetaminophen does not exceed 4,000 milligrams.

What are the signs of an overdose of Tramadol ER?

Signs of an overdose of Tramadol ER include extreme drowsiness, confusion, shallow breathing, faster heart rate, nausea, vomiting, and fainting.

Can Tramadol ER be used for back pain?

Yes, Tramadol ER is often prescribed for the treatment of back pain.

Is Tramadol ER addictive?

Yes, Tramadol ER can be addictive when taken in large amounts or for long periods of time.

What should I do if I forget to take a dose of Tramadol ER?

If you forget to take a dose of Tramadol ER, take it as soon as you remember, but do not double your dose. Call your doctor if you have any questions or concerns.

Can Tramadol ER be taken with alcohol?

No, Tramadol ER should not be taken with alcohol as it can increase the risk of side effects such as extreme drowsiness and respiratory depression.

Should I avoid caffeine while taking Tramadol ER?

Yes, as caffeine can increase the risk of nervousness, difficulty sleeping, and fast or irregular heartbeat.

Is Tramadol ER safe for long-term use?

Tramadol ER is generally considered safe for short-term use, but its effects can diminish with long-term use, increasing the risk of addiction and overdose.

Can Tramadol ER be taken during pregnancy?

Tramadol ER should not be taken during pregnancy as it can cause harm to the fetus.

Can I take Tramadol ER if I have a history of drug abuse?

No, Tramadol ER should not be taken if you have a history of drug abuse as it can be addictive and could cause relapse.

Will Tramadol ER show up on a drug test?

Yes, Tramadol ER may show up on a drug test, though the results may vary depending on the type of test.

Can I take Tramadol ER if I have liver or kidney disease?

Tramadol ER should be used with caution in patients with a history of liver or kidney disease, as they may be more sensitive to its effects.

Can I take Tramadol ER with anti-anxiety medications?

No, Tramadol ER should not be taken with anti-anxiety medications, as it may increase the risk of adverse reactions.

What should I do if I experience any side effects from Tramadol ER?

If you experience any side effects from Tramadol ER, contact your doctor as soon as possible.

What other pain relievers can be taken with Tramadol ER?

Tramadol ER can be taken with other non-opioid pain relievers such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen.

What is the maximum daily dose of Tramadol ER?

The maximum daily dose of Tramadol ER is 400 milligrams per day for adults.

Does Tramadol ER cause constipation?

Yes, constipation is a common side effect of Tramadol ER.

Can I take Tramadol ER and Tramadol ER Plus together?

No, Tramadol ER and Tramadol ER Plus should not be taken together as it may increase the risk of adverse reactions.

Can Tramadol ER be taken for headaches?

Yes, Tramadol ER is often prescribed for the treatment of headaches.

Is Tramadol ER ever prescribed for arthritis?

Yes, Tramadol ER is sometimes prescribed for the treatment of arthritis.

Does Tramadol ER interact with other medications?

Yes, Tramadol ER may interact with other medications, so it is important to discuss any other medications you are taking with your doctor before taking Tramadol ER.

Can Tramadol ER be taken for menstrual cramps?

Yes, Tramadol ER can be prescribed for the treatment of menstrual cramps.

Can Tramadol ER be crushed for easier swallowing?

No, Tramadol ER should not be crushed before taking because the medication may be released too quickly, leading to increased risk of side effects.

What other conditions can Tramadol ER be used to treat?

Tramadol ER may be prescribed to treat chronic pain, fibromyalgia, and neuropathic pain, among other conditions.

Can I take Tramadol ER while breastfeeding?

No, Tramadol ER should not be taken while breastfeeding as it can be passed through breast milk and could cause harm to a nursing baby.

Can Tramadol ER be taken with anti-depressants?

Yes, Tramadol ER can be taken with certain types of anti-depressants, but should not be taken with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).

Can Tramadol ER be taken with vitamins or supplements?

Yes, Tramadol ER can be taken with certain vitamins and supplements, but it is important to discuss any medications you are taking with your doctor before taking Tramadol ER.

Can Tramadol ER be taken with antihistamines?

Yes, Tramadol ER can be taken with certain antihistamines, but it is important to check with your doctor before taking any medication.

Can I take Tramadol ER with other pain relievers?

No, Tramadol ER should not be taken with other opioid-type pain relievers as this increases the risk of adverse reactions and overdose.

Is Tramadol ER metabolized by the liver?

Yes, Tramadol ER is metabolized in the liver and it is important to discuss any history of liver or kidney disease with your doctor before taking Tramadol ER.

How long will Tramadol ER stay in my system?

Tramadol ER can stay in the system for up to 24 hours after the last dose.

What should I do if I miss a dose of Tramadol ER?

If you miss a dose of Tramadol ER, take it as soon as you remember, but do not double your dose. Call your doctor if you have any questions or concerns.

Can I take Tramadol ER while taking other medications?

Yes, Tramadol ER can be taken with certain medications, but it is important to discuss any medications you are taking with your doctor before taking Tramadol ER.

Does Tramadol ER affect blood pressure?

Yes, Tramadol ER may cause an increase in blood pressure, so it is important to talk to your doctor if you have any concerns.

What is Tramadol ER HCL?

Tramadol ER HCL (hydrochloride) is a prescription medication used to treat pain. It is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations.

What are the withdrawal symptoms of Tramadol ER?

The withdrawal symptoms of Tramadol ER may include insomnia, agitation, anxiety, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and runny nose.

Can Tramadol ER cause hallucinations?

Yes, Tramadol ER can cause hallucinations, especially at higher doses.

Is Tramadol ER the same as Vicodin?

No, Tramadol ER and Vicodin are different medications. Tramadol ER is an opioid-type pain reliever while Vicodin is a combination of an opioid and acetaminophen.

Can Tramadol ER be taken with other medications for pain?

Yes, Tramadol ER can be taken with other medications for pain, but it is important to discuss any medications you are taking with your doctor before taking Tramadol ER.