Tocopar
Tocopar Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Tocopar is a brand name. Its generic name is Ritodrine.
Tocopar Introduction
Tocopar is a synthetic beta-adrenergic agonist approved for preterm labor management. It is the first and only tocolytic primarily used to delay delivery in women with preterm labor.
Uses of Tocopar
Tocopar is primarily used to delay delivery in pregnant women with preterm labor, when delivery is judged to be inappropriate or inappropriately close.
Mechanism of Action
Tocopar acts as a partial agonist on β2-adrenoceptors to relax the uterine smooth muscle, which inhibits and delays preterm labor. In addition, it has direct vasodilator, indirect sympathomimetic, negative inotropic, and chronotropic effects.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
Tocopar takes 20-30 minutes to take effect if administered orally, with peak action occurring about one hour after administration.
Absorption
Tocopar is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract with an onset of action of 20-30 minutes following oral administration.
Route of Elimination
Tocopar is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites.
Dosage
Tocopar is available as a tablet, an oral solution, and an intravenous solution. The recommended dosage for tablets is 10-30 mg orally every 6 hours. The recommended dosage for oral solution is 1-15 mg/5ml orally every 6 hours. The recommended dosage for intravenous solution is 500-1000 μg/ml intravenously every 6 hours.
Administration
Tocopar should be administered orally or intravenously every 6 hours. It is recommended to administer the drug with food and fluids to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal irritation and ulceration.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Tocopar are nausea, vomiting, headache, flushing, palpitations, chest pain, tachycardia, hypersensitivity reactions, thrombophlebitis, and hypotension.
Toxicity
The most common adverse effect associated with Tocopar is tachycardia. Side effects such as headache, nausea, vomiting, hypertension, hypotension, bradycardia, and pulmonary edema may occur with overdosage.
Precautions
Tocopar is not recommended for patients with a history of cardiovascular, liver, or kidney disease.
Patients taking Tocopar should be monitored closely for adverse effects and should report any symptoms immediately to their healthcare provider.
Interaction
Tocopar has potential interactions with other medications including beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and certain antibiotics. It is highly recommended to check with a healthcare provider before taking any other medications while taking Tocopar.
Disease Interaction
Tocopar may cause worsening of heart and respiratory failure, arrhythmias, and physical and mental exhaustion in patients with pre-existing disease.
Drug Interaction
Tocopar may interact with other drugs, including beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs, and certain antibiotics. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before taking any other medications while taking Tocopar.
Food Interactions
Tocopar should be taken with food and fluids to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal irritation and ulceration.
Pregnancy Use
Tocopar is only recommended for use during pregnancy on the advice of a healthcare provider. Pregnant women should not take Tocopar unless it is prescribed by their doctor.
Lactation Use
Tocopar accumulates in breastmilk and is contraindicated in lactating women.
Acute Overdose
Acute overdose of Tocopar may result in nausea, vomiting, hypertension, hypotension, bradycardia, pulmonary edema, and death.
Contraindication
Tocopar is contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled or severe hypertension, asthma, cardiac failure, history of cardiac arrhythmias, CKD, severe renal impairment, and hypersensitivity to Tocopar.
Direction of Use
Tocopar should be taken with food and fluids to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal irritation and ulceration. It should be taken every 6 hours at the recommended dosage prescribed by the physician.
Storage Condition
Tocopar tablets should be stored at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct sunlight.
Volume of Distribution
Tocopar has a volume of distribution of 4.5-6.5 liters/kg.
Half Life
The elimination half life of Tocopar is 1-4 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of Tocopar is 1.5-4.5 liters/hour/kg.
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