Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic)
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) is a brand name. Its generic name is Timolol Ophthalmic.
Introduction
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) is an ocular beta-adrenergic blocker, often prescribed in treating Glaucoma and other intraocular pressure (IOP) related conditions. It works by reducing the pressure in the eye by decreasing the amount of fluid produced by the eye. The active ingredient in timolol ophthalmic is a beta blocker called timolol.
Uses for
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) is used to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in adult and pediatric patients with open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma, and ocular hypertension. It is also used to reduce risk of developing glaucoma in ocular hypertensive patients who are at high risk.
Mechanism of Action
The active ingredient timolol is a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist. It works by blocking the effects of adrenaline on beta-adrenergic receptors in the eye, which reduces the amount of fluid produced in the eye. This ultimately lowers intraocular pressure in the eye.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) usually begins to reduce intraocular pressure in 2 to 4 hours. The full effect should be noticed within 24 hours. The drug must be used every day for best results
Absorption
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) is well absorbed when administered topically on the eye. Its bioavailability is unknown however it is metabolized in the liver after it is absorbed.
Route of Elimination
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) is eliminated primarily in the feces. Its concentration in the blood decreases rapidly after it is administered. It is eliminated from the body via the kidneys, but this is not a major contributing factor in its elimination.
Dosage
- For IntraOcular Pressure: Administer one or two drops of 0.25%-0.50% Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) solution twice a day, at least 8 hours apart.
- For prevention of Glaucoma: Administer one or two drops of 0.50%-1% Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) solution twice a day, at least 8 hours apart.
Administration
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) solution should be administered directly onto the affected eye. It should not be injected or ingested. It should be used with caution in individuals who are using contact lenses.
Side Effects
Some common side effects of Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) include stinging, burning, or redness of the eyes, blurry vision, and headache. Dry eyes, double vision, and eye pain can also occur. If side effects are severe or persistent, contact a healthcare provider.
Toxicity
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) is relatively safe when taken as directed. Overdose with timolol ophthalmic is unlikely. If an overdose is suspected, contact a healthcare provider or poison control center immediately.
Precautions
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) should not be used by individuals who have known hypersensitivity to timolol or any other ingredients in the product. Individuals should consult a doctor before using Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) if they have any other medical conditions. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Interactions
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) may cause drug interactions with certain medications, including beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, insight glycosides, anticholinergics, prostaglandin derivatives, and tricyclic antidepressants. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before combining medications.
Disease Interactions
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) should be used with caution in individuals with diseases of the heart, diabetes, thyroid gland, asthma, and in those who are at risk of developing angle-Closure glaucoma. Always consult your doctor before using Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) if you have any of these conditions.
Drug Interactions
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) may interact with other medications, including beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, digoxin, anticholinergics, prostaglandin derivatives, and tricyclic antidepressants. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before combining medications.
Food Interactions
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) has no known food interactions.
Pregnancy Use
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) is not recommended for use during pregnancy. Always consult your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding before taking Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic).
Lactation Use
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) should be avoided if breastfeeding. It is not known if timolol is excreted in breast milk.
Acute Overdose
Acute overdose with timolol ophthalmic is unlikely. In case of an overdose, contact a healthcare provider or poison control center immediately.
Contraindications
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) should not be used by individuals who have known hypersensitivity to timolol or any other ingredients in the product. It should also not be used in individuals with angle-closure glaucoma or bronchial asthma.
Use Direction
To administer, put one or two drops in the affected eye(s) twice a day, at least 8 hours apart. Do not touch the bottle tip to your eye. Close the bottle tightly after use and store in a cool, dry place.
Storage Condition
Timolol Maleate (eqv-timoptic) should be stored at temperatures between 15 and 30°C. Keep the bottle tightly closed and in a dry and dark place.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of timolol ophthalmic is approximately 8 L/kg.
Half Life
The half-life of timolol ophthalmic is approximately 4.5 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of timolol ophthalmic is approximately 85 mL/min/kg.
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