Teriparatide

Teriparatide Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Teriparatide is a brand name. Its generic name is Teriparatide.

Teriparatide Introduction

Teriparatide is a naturally occurring human parathyroid hormone that is used for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and other metabolic bone disorders. It helps to increase bone density, reduce pain, and fracture risk associated with those conditions.

Uses For

Teriparatide is used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis, a condition in which bones become fragile and break more easily. It is also used to treat glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, which is caused by taking certain medications, such as prednisone. In men, Teriparatide is used to treat male osteoporosis when other treatments have failed.

Mechanism of action

Teriparatide works by stimulating the growth of trabecular bone, which is the type of bone that is most susceptible to fracture. It does this by increasing the activity of osteoblasts, which are cells that produce and adhere to the bones, as well as increasing the formation of collagen, which is a protein that makes up much of the bone. This action helps to increase bone density, making it stronger and less vulnerable to fracture.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

Teriparatide typically takes around 3 to 6 months to start working. After this time, there is usually an increase in bone mineral density and a decrease in fracture risk. However, it is important to note that the results may vary from person to person and may take longer in some cases.

Absorption

Teriparatide is rapidly absorbed from the subcutaneous area where it is injected. It then reaches maximum concentrations in the blood 2-3 minutes, and is quickly distributed throughout the body.

Route of Elimination

Teriparatide is eliminated mainly by the kidneys in the urine. It is not metabolized and is excreted in its original form. The majority of the hormone is eliminated within 24 hours of injection.

Dosage

Teriparatide is available in a 20mcg/mL dosage form and is typically injected once daily (subcutaneously). The dosage may vary depending on the individual's condition and response to treatment. In postmenopausal osteoporosis, the usual dosage is 20mcg, while in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, the usual dosage is 40mcg. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully.

Administration

Teriparatide is typically injected subcutaneously once a day, preferably at the same time each day. It can be injected in the abdominal area, thigh, or upper arm but it should not be injected into a muscle. The syringe should be changed when the needle becomes blunt to ensure effective injection.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Teriparatide include headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and mild muscle pain and stiffness. In rare cases, liver injury and hyperparathyroidism may occur.

Toxicity

Teriparatide is generally well tolerated but overdose can cause severe toxicity. Symptoms of overdose may include increased bleeding tendency, irregular heartbeat, and shortness of breath. If an overdose is suspected, immediate medical attention should be sought.

Precautions

Before using Teriparatide, it is important to tell your doctor if you have any kidney or liver problems, heart problems, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. It is also important to avoid consuming alcohol, smoking, and using other medications such as blood thinners while on this medication.

Interactions

Teriparatide may interact with other medications, such as calcium, diuretics (water pills), and rifampin. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications you are taking before starting Teriparatide, as these medications can affect the body's absorption or elimination of this drug.

Disease Interaction

Teriparatide can interact with certain diseases, such as cancer, kidney disease, and diabetes. If you have any of these conditions, it is important to tell your doctor before starting this medication.

Drug Interactions

Teriparatide may interact with certain drugs such as diuretics, calcium, and rifampin. It is important to tell your doctor about all other drugs you are taking before starting Teriparatide, as these drugs can affect its absorption or elimination.

Food Interactions

Teriparatide does not interact with food, but it is important to take it with food to reduce the risk of stomach ulcers.

Pregnancy Use

Teriparatide is not recommended for use in pregnant women. If you are pregnant, it is important to discuss with your doctor before using this medication.

Lactation Use

Teriparatide is not recommended for use in breastfeeding mothers. If you are breastfeeding, it is important to discuss with your doctor before using this medication.

Acute Overdose

Symptoms of a Teriparatide overdose include increased bleeding tendency, irregular heartbeat, and shortness of breath. If an overdose is suspected, contact your local poison control center or seek immediate medical attention.

Contraindication

Teriparatide is contraindicated in patients with severe hypercalcemia, nephrolithiasis, and malignancy of the bone or prostate. It is also contraindicated in pregnant and breastfeeding women.

Use Direction

Teriparatide should be used exactly as prescribed by your doctor. It should be injected once daily subcutaneously in the abdominal area, thigh, or upper arm, preferably at the same time each day, and the syringe should be changed when the needle becomes blunt.

Storage Condition

Teriparatide should be stored between 2-8 degrees Celsius. It should be protected from light and moisture.

Volume of Distribution

Teriparatide has a volume of distribution of 6.0 L/kg.

Half Life

The terminal half-life of Teriparatide is approximately 3 hours.

Clearance

The clearance of Teriparatide is 0.16mL/min/kg.

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Some Frequently Asked Questions About Teriparatide

What is Teriparatide?

Teriparatide is a form of parathyroid hormone that helps to increase the body’s production of new bone. It is used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men who are at high risk of having broken bones due to osteoporosis.

What is Teriparatide used for?

Teriparatide is used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men who are at high risk for fractures due to osteoporosis.

How does Teriparatide work?

Teriparatide works by stimulating the body’s own bone-forming cells, called osteoblasts, to build new bone tissue. It also helps to prevent further bone loss and can help reduce the risk of fractures.

How is Teriparatide administered?

Teriparatide is administered as an injection under the skin, usually once a day.

What are the side effects of Teriparatide?

The most common side effects of Teriparatide include nausea, headache, dizziness, bone or joint pain, and rash. More serious side effects include increased risk of bone cancer, heartbeat irregularities, and seizure.

Who should not take Teriparatide?

Teriparatide should not be used by people with cancer, tumorbearing bone, pre-existing hypercalcemia, bone metastases, Paget’s disease of bone, or a history of radiation therapy to the skeleton.

What is the recommended dose of Teriparatide?

The recommended dose of Teriparatide is 20 mcg injected under the skin once a day.

How long should I stay on Teriparatide?

The recommended treatment duration of Teriparatide is up to 18 months.

Should I take other medications while taking Teriparatide?

It is recommended to take calcium and Vitamin D supplements while taking Teriparatide. Talk to your doctor before taking any other medications while taking Teriparatide.

What should I do if I miss a dose of Teriparatide?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at your regular time.

What tests should I get while taking Teriparatide?

It is important to have regular checkups with your doctor while taking Teriparatide. Your doctor may order laboratory tests to measure your calcium levels, as well as scans to measure the thickness and density of your bones.

What should I avoid while taking Teriparatide?

It is important to avoid activities that can increase your risk of fracture, such as heavy lifting, activities with a risk of falls or jerky movements. You should also avoid calcium supplements, other forms of Vitamin D and antacids containing calcium.

What are the long-term effects of taking Teriparatide?

Long-term use of Teriparatide may increase the risk of developing bone cancer. Talk to your doctor about your risks of taking Teriparatide.

Can I still get fractures while taking Teriparatide?

Although Teriparatide can help reduce the risk of fractures, it does not guarantee that fractures will not occur. Talk to your doctor about how to reduce your risk of fractures.

Can I take Teriparatide if I'm pregnant?

Teriparatide is not recommended for pregnant women. It is important to talk to your doctor if you become pregnant while taking Teriparatide.

What are the storage requirements for Teriparatide?

Teriparatide should be stored in a refrigerator at 36°F to 46°F and should not be exposed to direct sunlight or heat sources.

Should I use Teriparatide with other treatments?

Teriparatide is most effective when used in combination with other bone-strengthening treatments, such as diet, exercise, and medications. Talk to your doctor about which treatment options are best for you.

What should I do if I have an allergic reaction to Teriparatide?

If you have an allergic reaction to Teriparatide, stop using it and contact your doctor immediately. Symptoms of an allergic reaction can include hives, skin rash, itching, and swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.

Is there anything special I should do to prepare for an injection of Teriparatide?

It is important to clean the injection area with an alcohol swab before injecting Teriparatide. After injecting, discard the needle and syringe in a safe and approved container.

Is there an age limit for taking Teriparatide?

Teriparatide is not recommended for use in children and adolescents. It is only approved for adults over the age of 18 years old.

Is Teriparatide a form of hormone therapy?

Yes, Teriparatide is a form of parathyroid hormone therapy.

How long does it take for Teriparatide to start working?

Teriparatide typically starts to work in 4-6 months time, but may take up to 12 months to achieve the maximum effect.

What are the signs that Teriparatide is working?

The main sign that Teriparatide is working is improved bone density, which can be measured with a DEXA scan. Other signs include improved balance, increased strength, and reduced risk of fractures.

Can I take Teriparatide if I'm taking other medications?

It is important to talk to your doctor about your medications before taking Teriparatide. Certain medications can interact with Teriparatide and should be avoided, including blood thinners, calcium-containing drugs, and calcitonin.

Are there any alternatives to Teriparatide?

Yes, there are other medications that can be used to treat osteoporosis, such as bisphosphonates and raloxifene. Talk to your doctor about which treatment option is best for you.

Does Teriparatide have any effects on other parts of the body?

Teriparatide may cause changes in other parts of the body, including increased risk of heart attack and stroke, increased risk of bone cancer, and, in rare cases, seizures.

Are there any special instructions for taking Teriparatide?

It is important to inject Teriparatide in a different area of the body each day. Do not inject it in an area that is sore, inflamed, or bruised.

Can Teriparatide affect my blood sugar levels?

Teriparatide may cause an increase in blood sugar levels, so it is important to monitor your blood sugar closely while taking it.

Are there any foods I should avoid while taking Teriparatide?

It is important to avoid taking calcium supplements or antacids that contain calcium while taking Teriparatide. Many dairy products and leafy greens also contain calcium, so it is best to talk to your doctor about your diet while taking Teriparatide.

How long do the effects of Teriparatide last?

The effects of Teriparatide typically last up to two years, but may last longer with continued treatment.

How long should I wait between doses of Teriparatide?

It is important to inject Teriparatide once a day, and to make sure to give yourself at least 24 hours between doses.

Should I take Teriparatide if I have a family history of osteoporosis?

Yes, Teriparatide may be beneficial for people with a family history of osteoporosis as it helps to increase bone density and reduce the risk of fractures.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Teriparatide?

It is important to talk to your doctor before drinking alcohol while taking Teriparatide. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects, and should only be consumed in moderation.

Are there any special instructions for injection sites?

It is important to rotate the injection site each day. Do not inject Teriparatide into areas that are sore, bruised, inflamed, or covered by a bandage.

What is the best way to deal with Teriparatide side effects?

The best way to deal with Teriparatide side effects is to talk to your doctor about them. Your doctor may be able to recommend different medications or adjustments to your dose to help reduce the severity of the side effects.

What should I do if I accidentally inject Teriparatide too quickly?

If you accidentally inject Teriparatide too quickly, there are a few steps you can take to reduce the risk of an adverse reaction. First, increase your fluids to flush out any excess Teriparatide from your system. Secondly, take an antihistamine to reduce the risk of an allergic reaction. Lastly, contact your doctor to discuss any further steps needed.

Can I get the flu shot while taking Teriparatide?

Yes, it is generally safe to get the flu shot while taking Teriparatide. However, it is important to talk to your doctor before getting vaccinated to make sure it is safe for you.

Can I take ibuprofen while taking Teriparatide?

It is important to talk to your doctor about taking ibuprofen or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs while taking Teriparatide. Certain medications can interfere with Teriparatide and increase the risk of side effects.

Can I donate blood while taking Teriparatide?

No, it is not recommended to donate blood while taking Teriparatide as it could cause complications with the blood donation process.