Prolia
Prolia Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Prolia is a brand name. Its generic name is Denosumab.
Prolia Introduction
Prolia is a monoclonal antibody that is used to treat a variety of bone and joint diseases. It is a targeted drug that binds to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and reduces bone breakdown resulting in improved bone mineral density. Prolia can delay or prevent fractures in osteoporotic patients and can also be used to reduce bone pain and increase physical activity in patients with bone metastases.
Uses for Prolia
Prolia is indicated for the treatment of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis, high risk for fracture in patients with osteoporosis, and for the treatment of metastatic bone lesions from solid tumors.
Mechanism of Action
Prolia is a monoclonal antibody that targets and binds to RANKL, a protein which activates osteoclasts, the cells which break down bone. By targeting and binding to RANKL, denosumab reduces the ability of osteoclasts to break down bone, leading to an increase in bone mineral density and delayed fracture healing. Prolia also reduces bone pain by decreasing inflammation in bone metastases.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Prolia begins to work within 3-4 weeks of administration to reduce bone turnover and increase bone mineral density. Its effects on pain relief from bone metastases can begin within 1-3 months.
Absorption, Route of Elimination, Dosage, Administration, Side Effects, Toxicity, and Precaution
Prolia is administered as a subcutaneous injection once every 6 months. Absorption is rapid and complete, and it is eliminated by the kidneys. The typical dose of denosumab is 60 mg every 6 months. Side effects of denosumab are rare but may include headache, sweating, fatigue, nausea, muscle or joint pain, and injection site reactions.
Long-term safety in be evaluated when used for more than two consecutive years. Caution is advised in patients with hypocalcemia, kidney impairment, or sensitivity to the medication. Toxicity has been seen in patients with excessive doses.
Interaction, Disease Interaction, Drug Interaction, Food Interactions, Pregnancy Use, Lactation Use, Acute Overdose, Contraindication, Use Direction, Storage Condition, Volume of Distribution, Half Life, Clearance
Prolia may interact with other drugs such as calcium or vitamin D, bisphosphonates, tetracyclines, anti-neoplastic drugs, and corticosteroids. It should be used with caution in patients with conditions such as hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and renal impairment. It should not be used during pregnancy or lactation as safety has not been established. Acute overdose can result in fatigue, sweating, headache, and nausea.
Prolia is contraindicated in patients with excessive dose, hypocalcemia, and those with a known hypersensitivity to the drug. Instructions for use should be followed closely. Storage conditions should be followed as instructed on the label, and the volume of distribution is 40 L. The half-life is 23 days and clearance is 45 mL/min.
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