Photofrin
Photofrin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Photofrin is a brand name. Its generic name is Porfimer sodium.
Introduction
Photofrin, also known as Photofrin, is an FDA-approved drug used to treat superficial tumors or bladder cancer. It is a photosensitizer, meaning that it reacts to light and produces a reactive form of oxygen that destroys cancer cells. The drug is typically administered intravenously and used in combination with a laser to photodynamic therapy.
Uses For
Photofrin is used to treat superficial tumors as well as tumors in the bladder. The drug is also used in palliative care to improve quality of life in advanced cancer patients.
Mechanism of Action
Photofrin works by activating a photosensitizing effect when exposed to certain wavelengths of light. This causes an increase in oxygen radicals that are able to actively destroy tumor cells.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
Photofrin typically takes 24–48 hours to work when used in photodynamic therapy. In some cases, it can take up to 84 hours for the drug to become fully effective.
Absorption
Photofrin is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and has a bioavailability of 93%. It has an elimination half-life of 4–10 hours.
Route of Elimination
The drug is eliminated via the kidneys and can be detected in the urine for up to 17 days after administration.
Dosage
The recommended dosage of Photofrin depends on the patient's age, weight, and medical condition. It is typically administered as an intravenous infusion for 30 minutes, followed by a two-hour rest period. Subsequent infusions are typically given at 14 day intervals. The typical dose range is between 0.5 to 2.0 mg/m².
Administration
Photofrin is administered intravenously and should be given in a hospital setting. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully when taking this medication.
Side Effect
Photofrin is typically well tolerated, but side effects may include skin discoloration, nausea, fatigue, and vomiting. Long-term use can also cause photosensitivity, meaning the skin is more sensitive to sunlight and can be easily burned.
Toxicity
Photofrin is generally safe when taken as directed. However, it can be toxic if taken in large amounts or too frequently. Severe toxicity symptoms include difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness, and seizure.
Precautions
It is important to take Photofrin under the supervision of a qualified doctor. It is also important to avoid prolonged exposure to strong light after taking the medication, as this can increase the risk of photosensitivity.
Interactions
Photofrin may interact with certain medications, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, and quinolone antibiotics. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications you are taking before taking Photofrin.
Disease Interaction
Photofrin may interact with certain diseases, such as lupus or porphyria. It is important to consult your doctor if you have any pre-existing condition before taking Photofrin.
Drug Interaction
Photofrin may interact with certain medications, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, and quinolone antibiotics. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications you are taking before taking Photofrin.
Food Interactions
Photofrin may interact with certain foods or drinks, such as alcohol and caffeine. It is important to consult your doctor prior to changing your diet, especially if taking this medication.
Pregnancy Use
It is not recommended to take Photofrin during pregnancy as it may affect the fetus. It is important to consult your doctor for advice before taking this medication while pregnant.
Lactation Use
It is not recommended to take Photofrin while breastfeeding, as it may pass into breast milk and affect the nursing infant. It is important to consult with your doctor prior to taking this medication while breastfeeding.
Acute Overdose
In case of an acute overdose, contact your doctor or the nearest poison control center immediately. Symptoms of a Photofrin overdose may include difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness, and seizures.
Contraindication
Photofrin should not be taken by people with certain conditions such as porphyria and lupus. It is important to consult with your doctor prior to taking this medication.
Use Direction
Photofrin should be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor. It is important to follow the instructions carefully and take it for the full duration of treatment. Do not take higher than the prescribed dose.
Storage Conditions
Photofrin should be stored at room temperature in a sealed container. It should be kept away from light, heat, and moisture.
Volume of Distribution
Photofrin has a volume of distribution of 0.9 - 2.5 liters/kg.
Half Life
The half-life of Photofrin is 4 – 10 hours.
Clearance
Photofrin has a clearance of 0.5 – 4.5 liters/hour/kg.
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