Parkitrol

Parkitrol Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Parkitrol is a brand name. Its generic name is Trihexyphenidyl.

Parkitrol

Parkitrol (popularly known as Artane) is an anticholinergic medication used for treating symptoms of certain neurological disorders. It is usually prescribed to the patients who are suffering from Parkinson’s disease, restless leg syndrome, spastic paralysis, and certain other conditions. It is also given to the people who are having difficulty in urinating or who have an enlarged prostate.

Uses For

Parkitrol is mainly used to treat the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, including stiff or rigid muscles, tremors, spasms and difficulty in controlling voluntary movements. Additionally, it can be used to treat extreme muscle spasms or spasticity (such as cerebral palsy, stroke and multiple sclerosis), dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing), wet macular dystrophy, peripheral neuropathy and urinary incontinence associated with certain neurological disorders.

Mechanism of Action

Parkitrol belongs to a class of medications known as anticholinergics. It works by inhibiting the action of the chemical messenger acetylcholine, which is primarily responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses between nerve cells. By blocking the action of acetylcholine in certain areas of the brain, Parkitrol helps to reduce the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and other neurological conditions.

How Long Does It Take To Work?

The effects of Parkitrol can be noticed within 1-2 hours of the intake. However, the degree of relief from symptoms may vary, depending on the patient’s condition.

Absorption

Parkitrol is rapidly and extensively absorbed after oral ingestion and reaches peak plasma concentration in 2-3 hours. It is highly lipophilic, hence, has better absorption in acidic environment.

Route of Elimination

Parkitrol is mainly eliminated in the urine as a major metabolic product, with minimal amount excreted in feces.

Dosage

The usual starting dose of trihexyphenidyl is one or two 2-mg tablets taken three or four times each day before meals and at bedtime. Depending on the severity of the patient’s condition, the dosage can be gradually increased, up to a maximum daily dose of 48 mg (6 tablets). The dosage should be adjusted as per the patient’s requirement.

Administration

Parkitrol should be taken orally, with or without food. It is advised to swallow the tablets whole and not to crush, chew or break it.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Parkitrol include drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, stomach upset, headache, dizziness, restlessness, irritability and anxiety. Apart from these, severe side effects that may occur include vomiting, confusion, mild jaundice, sweating, pale skin, slurred speech, difficulty in urination, tremors and inability to move the arms or legs.

Toxicity

Usually Parkitrol is considered to be safe and well tolerated however, its prolonged or high doses can result in toxicity, which often presents as agitation, confusion, delusions, hallucination, severe muscle weakness, rapid heartbeat, and fever. Patients should seek immediate medical attention if any of these side effects are noticed.

Precaution

It is important to consult a doctor before taking Parkitrol, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have any allergies. Patients should inform their physician if they are taking any other medications since drug interactions may occur with this medicine.

Interactions

Parkitrol can interact with certain medications, such as anticonvulsants, antiparkinsonian medicines, narcotic analgesics, antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, MAO inhibitors, muscle relaxants, and sedatives. Additionally, it can also interact with certain foods and beverages such as alcohol and citrus fruits.

Disease Interaction

Patients with Parkinson's disease, kidney or liver disease, heart disease, and glaucoma should not take Parkitrol without consulting their doctor. Additionally, prostate enlargement, urinary tract obstruction, intestinal obstruction, and myasthenia gravis can also lead to increased side effects or reduced efficacy of Parkitrol.

Drug Interaction

Parkitrol can interact with medications such as tranquilizers, sedatives, alcohol, anti-diabetic drugs, muscle relaxants, antihistamines, heart medications, and antidepressants. Hence, it is advised to inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking before using Parkitrol.

Food Interactions

Food containing alcohol, citrus fruits, or high levels of calcium and potassium can affect the absorption of Parkitrol. Thus, it is advised to take it with food or with some other beverage like milk or water.

Pregnancy Use

Parkitrol is not recommended for pregnant women as it may cause harm to the developing fetus. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it is important to inform your doctor before using Parkitrol.

Lactation Use

Acute Overdose

In case of acute overdose, symptoms can include dizziness, confusion, fast heart rate, hallucinations, restlessness, seizures, convulsions, rapid breathing, abnormal body movements, and in some cases, death. If these symptoms are observed, immediate medical attention should be sought.

Contraindication

Parkitrol is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug, narrow angle glaucoma, gastrointestinal obstruction, paralytic ileus, and severe liver impairment.

Use Direction

It is recommended to take Parkitrol exactly as prescribed by your doctor. The dosage should be taken at evenly spaced intervals and according to the directions on the product package. If you have any doubts about the directions or dosage, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Storage Condition

Parkitrol should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and should not be exposed to extremes of heat or cold. It should be kept out of reach of children and pets.

Volume of Distribution

Parkitrol has a relatively large volume of distribution (about 30-50 liters/kg body weight). This indicates that it distributes well in the body and is readily accessible to its target tissues.

Half Life

The half-life of Parkitrol is 10-12 hours. This means that half of the dose will be eliminated from the body within 10-12 hours of taking the medication.

Clearance

Parkitrol has an estimated total body clearance of 10 ml/minute/kg. This indicates that it is rapidly metabolized and eliminated in the urine and feces.

Here you find in details version of Parkitrol

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Parkitrol

What is Parkitrol?

Parkitrol is an antispasmodic medication that is used to treat muscle stiffness, tremors, and spasms in people with conditions such as Parkinson's disease or other movement disorders.

Is Parkitrol a controlled substance?

No, Parkitrol is not a controlled substance. It is not a narcotic or an abused substance.

What are the side effects of Parkitrol?

Common side effects of Parkitrol can include dry mouth, blurred vision, dizziness, drowsiness, or constipation. Rare side effects can include fast heart beat, urinating more than usual, confusion, mental or mood changes, shortness of breath, chest pain, or some serious allergic reactions.

What should I do if I experience side effects from Parkitrol?

If you experience any side effects, stop taking the medication and speak with your doctor. Your doctor may be able to adjust the dose to help reduce your symptoms or suggest an alternative treatment.

How should I store Parkitrol?

Parkitrol should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct light and moisture. Do not store the medication in the bathroom. Keep all medications out of the reach of children and pets.

Can I take Parkitrol with other medications?

You should always tell your doctor if you are taking other medications, as some medications may interact with Parkitrol. It is important to always follow your doctor’s instructions when taking Parkitrol with other medications.

Do I need to take Parkitrol with food?

No, Parkitrol is typically taken without food. However, it is best to always follow the instructions provided by your doctor.

Can I take Parkitrol while pregnant?

No, Parkitrol should not be taken during pregnancy. Speak with your doctor before taking any medications while pregnant.

What are the warning signs of an allergic reaction to Parkitrol?

Signs of an allergic reaction to Parkitrol can include rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing, or tightness in the chest. Seek emergency medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms.

What is the typical dosage of Parkitrol?

The typical dosage of Parkitrol depends on the individual and their condition. It is important to always follow the instructions and dosage provided by your doctor.

What should I do if I miss a dose of Parkitrol?

If you miss a dose of Parkitrol, take it as soon as you remember and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once.

What should I avoid while taking Parkitrol?

You should avoid drinking alcohol while taking Parkitrol, as it can increase the risk of certain side effects. Also, avoid performing activities or tasks where your alertness or reaction time may be impaired.

Can Parkitrol be used to treat conditions other than Parkinson's disease?

Yes, Parkitrol can also be used to treat muscle stiffness, tremors, and spasms in people with other movement disorders such as dystonia.

How long does it take for Parkitrol to start working?

The effects of Parkitrol can start to be felt within a few hours, but some people may not notice the full effects until after a few days or even weeks of taking the medication.

Are there any alternatives to Parkitrol?

Yes, there are other medications that are used to treat muscle stiffness, tremors, and spasms in people with conditions such as Parkinson's disease. Speak to your doctor about other possible treatments.

Can I stop taking Parkitrol suddenly?

No, you should never stop taking Parkitrol suddenly without your doctor's approval. Your doctor will guide you on how to gradually reduce your dose over time, if necessary.

Can I take Parkitrol while breastfeeding?

It is not recommended to take Parkitrol while breastfeeding due to the potential risk to the baby. Speak with your doctor about alternatives.

What should I do if I experience severe drowsiness with Parkitrol?

You should stop taking Parkitrol and speak with your doctor about alternative treatments. Your doctor may be able to reduce the dosage or suggest an alternative medication.

What is the best time of day to take Parkitrol?

It is best to follow the instructions provided by your doctor. Parkitrol can be taken with or without food.

Can I drink grapefruit juice while taking Parkitrol?

No, grapefruit juice can interact with Parkitrol and cause certain side effects. It is best to avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication.

Are there any foods I should avoid while taking Parkitrol?

It is best to avoid alcohol, caffeine, and spicy foods while taking Parkitrol as they can increase the risk of certain side effects.

What is the most common side effect of taking Parkitrol?

The most common side effect of taking Parkitrol is dry mouth.

Can I take extra doses of Parkitrol if I miss a dose?

No, you should never take extra doses of Parkitrol. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once.

How long does it take for Parkitrol to start working?

The effects of Parkitrol can start to be felt within a few hours, but some people may not notice the full effects until after a few days or even weeks of taking the medication.

Does Parkitrol interact with any other medications?

Yes, some medications can interact with Parkitrol. It is important to always tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any other medications to avoid any potential interactions.

Can Parkitrol be taken long-term?

Parkitrol can be taken long-term, provided it is being taken under the guidance of a doctor. Some people may need to take Parkitrol indefinitely to control their symptoms.

Can Parkitrol cause weight gain?

Yes, weight gain can be a side effect of taking Parkitrol. Speak with your doctor if you experience any weight gain while taking this medication.

Can I take Parkitrol with other medications?

You should always tell your doctor if you are taking other medications, as some medications may interact with Parkitrol. It is important to always follow your doctor’s instructions when taking Parkitrol with other medications.

Should I avoid driving or operating machine with Parkitrol?

Yes, you should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery while taking Parkitrol as it can cause drowsiness or impaired alertness. Speak to your doctor about the side effects of this medication before driving or operating machinery.

What are the risks of not taking Parkitrol as prescribed?

If you do not take Parkitrol as prescribed, you may not be able to control the symptoms of your condition and could experience an increased risk of side-effects.

Will Parkitrol interact with birth control medications?

Yes, Parkitrol can interact with some birth control medications. Speak with your doctor or pharmacist about the possible interactions before taking Parkitrol.

Are there any supplements I should avoid while taking Parkitrol?

Yes, you should avoid taking supplements such as Gingko Biloba, St. John's Wort, ginseng, yohimbe, and kava kava while taking Parkitrol. Speak to your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Can Parkitrol be used in children?

Yes, Parkitrol can be used to treat certain conditions in children. However, it is only to be used under the guidance of a doctor and only when other treatments or therapies have been unsuccessful.

Can I take Parkitrol with other medications?

You should always tell your doctor if you are taking other medications, as some medications may interact with Parkitrol. It is important to always follow your doctor’s instructions when taking Parkitrol with other medications.

Can I take Parkitrol if I have kidney disease?

No, Parkitrol should not be taken if you have kidney disease. Speak with your doctor to find out if there are other treatment options.

How long does Parkitrol stay in my system?

Parkitrol usually stays in the system for up to 8 hours after intake, but this can depend on many factors, including general health and other medications being taken.

How should I take Parkitrol?

Parkitrol should be taken as directed by your doctor. It can be taken with or without food and should be taken at regular intervals throughout the day.

Can I take Parkitrol with other medications?

You should always tell your doctor if you are taking other medications, as some medications may interact with Parkitrol. It is important to always follow your doctor’s instructions when taking Parkitrol with other medications.

Is Parkitrol a narcotic?

No, Parkitrol is not a narcotic or an abused substance.

Can Parkitrol be used to treat other conditions?

Yes, Parkitrol can also be used to treat muscle stiffness, tremors, and spasms in people with other movement disorders such as dystonia.

Can I take Parkitrol if I am pregnant?

No, Parkitrol should not be taken during pregnancy. Speak with your doctor before taking any medications while pregnant.

Does Parkitrol affect blood pressure?

Yes, Parkitrol can affect blood pressure. It is important to monitor your blood pressure regularly while taking this medication.

Can Parkitrol affect my mood?

Yes, Parkitrol can affect mood. If you experience any mental or mood changes while taking this medication, speak with your doctor.

Can I take Parkitrol with prescription medications?

Yes, you can take Parkitrol with prescription medications, but you should always tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any other medications to avoid any potential interactions.