Lamotrigine

Lamotrigine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Lamotrigine is a brand name. Its generic name is Lamotrigine.

Lamotrigine Introduction

Lamotrigine is an anticonvulsant drug, used to treat seizure disorders and mood disorders such as bipolar disorder. It works by decreasing the abnormal electrical activity in the brain and balancing the production of certain neurotransmitters. It is available as a tablet, capsule, chewable tablet or oral solution.

Uses for Lamotrigine

Lamotrigine is used to treat a variety of seizures, such as:

• Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal): This seizure involves the body stiffening and shaking.
• Partial seizures (focal seizures): These seizures involve part of the body or a specific behavior.
• Focal aware seizures with alteration of consciousness: These seizures consist of a brief alteration in consciousness.

Lamotrigine is also used to treat bipolar disorder to reduce episodes of mania, depression, and suicidal thoughts. Lamotrigine may also be used to treat migraine headaches and pain associated with nerve damage.

Mechanism of Action

Lamotrigine works by inhibiting sodium and calcium channels in the brain which helps decrease abnormal electrical activity in the brain. It also increases the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which stimulates the release of serotonin, a nerve chemical that helps control mood. This helps reduce seizures and stabilize mood.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

The effects of lamotrigine vary from person to person and depend on the condition being treated. For seizure disorders, it often takes several weeks before the drug reaches the therapeutic level and begins to suppress seizures. For bipolar disorders, it may take several weeks before symptoms show any improvement.

Absorption

Lamotrigine is well absorbed after oral administration and has a bioavailability of 60%. The time to reach peak concentration is 2-4 hours.

Route of Elimination

Lamotrigine is metabolized by the liver and is excreted in the urine.

Dosage

The recommended starting dose of lamotrigine for seizure disorders is 25-50 milligrams (mg) per day. The daily dosage can be increased by 25-50 mg every week or two until the desired effect is reached. The recommended maintenance dose for seizure disorders is 50-250 mg per day.

For bipolar disorder, the starting dose is 25-50 mg per day, and the maintenance dose is 100-200 mg per day. The maximum recommended dose is 400 mg per day.

For migraine headaches, the starting dose is 25 mg per day, and the maintenance dose is 100-200 mg per day. The maximum recommended dose is 400 mg per day.

For nerve pain, the starting dose is 25-50 mg per day, and the maintenance dose is 100-200 mg per day. The maximum recommended dose is 400 mg per day.

Administration

Lamotrigine can be taken with or without food. It should be taken at the same time each day to maintain a consistent level of the drug in the blood. Capsules should be swallowed whole and not broken, chewed, or split.

Side Effect

Common side effects of lamotrigine include:

• dizziness
• drowsiness
• nausea
• vomiting
• headache
• blurred vision
• weight changes
• tremors

More serious side effects may include:

• rash or blisters
• fever
• itching
• jaundice
• hallucinations
• aggression
• suicidal thoughts

Toxicity

Lamotrigine is generally considered safe if taken as prescribed. However, overdose can lead to serious complications, such as decreased consciousness, coma, and even death. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you suspect an overdose.

Precaution

Before taking lamotrigine, tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Lamotrigine may cause fetal harm if taken during pregnancy. It is important to talk to your doctor before taking this medication and to monitor the fetus for any potential risks.

Interaction

Lamotrigine may interact with certain medications, including birth control pills, sedatives, antidepressants, and certain anticonvulsants. It is important to tell your doctor about any medications you are taking prior to starting this medication.

Disease Interaction

Lamotrigine may interact with certain diseases, including kidney or liver disease, diabetes, bipolar disorder, and depression. Talk to your doctor before taking this medication if you have any of these conditions.

Drug Interaction

Lamotrigine may interact with certain drugs such as birth control pills, sedatives, antidepressants, and certain anticonvulsants. Tell your doctor about any drugs you are taking prior to starting this medication.

Food Interactions

Lamotrigine may interact with certain foods, including grapefruit or grapefruit juice. Talk to your doctor before taking this medication if you regularly eat grapefruit or other citrus fruit.

Pregnancy Use

Lamotrigine is classified as a Category C pregnancy drug. This means that it may cause fetal harm if taken during pregnancy, and should not be taken during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. Talk to your doctor before taking this medication if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

Lactation Use

Lamotrigine passes into breast milk and may cause serious side effects in a nursing infant. Talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of taking this medication while breastfeeding.

Acute Overdose

If an overdose of lamotrigine is suspected, seek medical attention immediately. Symptoms may include decreased consciousness, loss of coordination, and seizures.

Contraindication

Lamotrigine is contraindicated in people who are allergic to it or any of its components. It is also contraindicated in people who have liver disease, diabetes, or bipolar disorder.

Use Directions

Take lamotrigine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take more or less of it, and do not take it more often than prescribed. Take it at the same time each day to maintain a consistent level in your bloodstream. Do not stop taking it abruptly as this may cause seizures.

Storage Conditions

Store lamotrigine at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Do not store it in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Volume of Distribution

Lamotrigine has an apparent volume of distribution of 0.8-1.1 L/kg.

Half Life

The half-life of lamotrigine is 18-42 hours.

Clearance

Lamotrigine is metabolized by the liver and is eliminated mainly though the kidneys. The apparent clearance of lamotrigine is 0.27-0.62 L/hr/kg.

Here you find in details version of Lamotrigine

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Lamotrigine

What is Lamotrigine?

Lamotrigine is an anti-epileptic medication used to control seizures in adults and children with epilepsy. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder in adults.

How does Lamotrigine work?

Lamotrigine works by moderating certain chemicals in the brain. It increases the levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter, in the brain, which helps to regulate nerve cell activity associated with seizures and other brain conditions.

What are the possible side effects of Lamotrigine?

The most common side effects of Lamotrigine include dizziness, fatigue, nausea, and headache. Other possible side effects include skin rashes, difficulty sleeping, depression, and anxiety.

What is the recommended dosage of Lamotrigine?

Your doctor will determine the proper dosage of Lamotrigine based on your age, medical condition, and medications you are currently taking. The usual starting dose of Lamotrigine in adults and children over the age of 12 is 25mg per day.

Is Lamotrigine a controlled substance?

No, Lamotrigine is not a controlled substance. It is a prescription medication that is available over-the-counter.

Does Lamotrigine interact with other medications?

Yes, Lamotrigine may interact with other medications. Always consult with your doctor or pharmacist before taking any medications concurrent with Lamotrigine.

What are the common uses of Lamotrigine?

Lamotrigine is used for the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and other neurological conditions.

What are the warnings and precautions when using Lamotrigine?

Lamotrigine should be used with caution in patients with kidney or liver disease, as these conditions can affect the metabolism of Lamotrigine. Patients with these conditions should be monitored carefully. Lamotrigine should be used with caution in pregnant and breastfeeding women. You should always consult your doctor before taking any medication.

What is the average cost of Lamotrigine?

The cost of Lamotrigine can vary depending on the strength and number of tablets prescribed. The average cost for a month’s supply of Lamotrigine is around $30.

What should I do if I miss a dose of Lamotrigine?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible but do not take two doses at the same time. Contact your doctor if you have missed several doses as they may need to adjust your dosage.

Can Lamotrigine help treat nerve pain?

Lamotrigine may be used to help manage nerve pain (neuropathic pain) that is associated with certain conditions such as diabetes, HIV, and shingles. It is not indicated for the treatment of other types of pain.

Can I take Lamotrigine with alcohol?

No, the use of alcohol is not advised when taking Lamotrigine. Alcohol can increase the side effects of Lamotrigine, such as dizziness and drowsiness.

What are the withdrawal symptoms of Lamotrigine?

Withdrawal symptoms of Lamotrigine include nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, insomnia, dizziness, and anxiety. If you experience any of these symptoms when stopping Lamotrigine, contact your doctor immediately.

Can Lamotrigine affect my memory?

In some cases, Lamotrigine has been reported to cause memory difficulties, confusion, and disorientation. Consult your doctor if you have any concerns.

How long does it take for Lamotrigine to work?

It can take up to 8 weeks for Lamotrigine to reach a therapeutic level. Your doctor will use your response to Lamotrigine treatment to determine whether to adjust your dosage.

Are there any herbs or supplements that interact with Lamotrigine?

Yes, there are several herbs and supplements that may interact with Lamotrigine, including St. John’s Wort, kava kava, and valerian. You should always consult your doctor before taking any herbs or supplements while taking Lamotrigine.

Should I avoid sunlight when taking Lamotrigine?

Yes, it is recommended to avoid direct exposure to sunlight or tanning beds when taking Lamotrigine as it can cause skin rash and other reactions. Wear protective clothing and sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 when you are outside.

What should I do if I experience a rash while taking Lamotrigine?

If you experience a rash while taking Lamotrigine, contact your doctor or pharmacist immediately. They will be able to advise you on how to best manage and reduce the risk of an allergic reaction.

Can Lamotrigine be used in children?

Yes, Lamotrigine can be used in children as young as 2 years of age. The dosage will be determined by your child's doctor depending on their age and medical condition.

Does Lamotrigine cause weight gain?

Weight gain is a possible side effect of taking Lamotrigine. It is important to be aware of the possible side effects of taking any medication, including Lamotrigine, and to discuss any weight changes with your doctor.

What is the best time of day to take Lamotrigine?

It is usually best to take Lamotrigine once or twice a day, depending on your doctor's advice. It is important to take it at the same time each day as this will help to maintain a consistent level of medication in your body.

Can Lamotrigine cause diarrhea?

Diarrhea is a possible side effect of Lamotrigine. If you experience diarrhea while taking Lamotrigine, contact your doctor right away.

What should I know before taking Lamotrigine?

Before taking Lamotrigine, you should tell your doctor if you have any allergies, if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, if you have a liver or kidney condition, or if you are taking any other medications. It is important to discuss all of your medical history with your doctor before starting any new medication.

How should I store Lamotrigine?

Lamotrigine should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in the original container and out of the reach of children.

Can Lamotrigine be used to treat depression?

Lamotrigine is indicated for the treatment of bipolar disorder, which includes periods of depression. It is not indicated for the treatment of other types of depression.

Can Lamotrigine cause sleep disturbances?

Yes, Lamotrigine can cause sleep disturbances, such as insomnia and difficulty staying asleep. If you experience any sleep disturbances while taking Lamotrigine, talk to your doctor about adjusting your dosage or taking a different medication.

Can Lamotrigine affect my blood pressure?

In some cases, Lamotrigine can cause a decrease in blood pressure. If you experience any changes in blood pressure while taking Lamotrigine, contact your doctor right away.

Does Lamotrigine cause hair loss?

Hair loss is a rare side effect of taking Lamotrigine. If you experience any changes in your hair, contact your doctor right away.

What other medications should I avoid while taking Lamotrigine?

You should avoid taking birth control pills, antidepressants, and anticoagulants while taking Lamotrigine as they may interact with it. Always talk to your doctor before starting a new medication.

How long does it take for Lamotrigine to clear my system?

It usually takes 6-8 hours for Lamotrigine to clear your system. However, this may vary depending on the dose, your age, and other medications you are taking.

What are the signs of an overdose of Lamotrigine?

Signs of an overdose of Lamotrigine can include nausea, drowsiness, seizures, and unconsciousness. If you think you or someone else has overdosed on Lamotrigine, contact your doctor right away.

Can I take Lamotrigine while pregnant?

It is not recommended to take Lamotrigine while pregnant. Discuss your medications with your doctor before becoming pregnant or becoming pregnant while taking Lamotrigine.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Lamotrigine?

No, you should not drink alcohol while taking Lamotrigine. Alcohol can increase the side effects of Lamotrigine, such as drowsiness and dizziness.

What should I do if I forget to take a dose of Lamotrigine?

If you forget to take a dose of Lamotrigine, take it as soon as you remember. Do not take two doses at the same time. If you forget to take several doses, contact your doctor as they may need to adjust your dosage.

Can I take Lamotrigine with other medications?

Yes, Lamotrigine can be taken with other medications. However, you should always tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking in case there is an interaction. Some medications may need to be adjusted when taken with Lamotrigine.

Does Lamotrigine reduce the effectiveness of birth control?

Yes, Lamotrigine can reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills. It can also interact with other forms of birth control, such as depot injections, implants, and vaginal rings. Talk to your doctor about alternatives to birth control while taking Lamotrigine.

What is the shelf life of Lamotrigine?

The shelf life of Lamotrigine is 18 months from the date of manufacture. Once the medication has been opened, it should be stored in a cool, dry place and should not be used after the expiration date.

What should I do if I experience side effects from Lamotrigine?

If you experience any side effects from Lamotrigine, contact your doctor right away. They may need to adjust your dosage or switch you to a different medication.

Can Lamotrigine be used to treat anxiety?

Lamotrigine is not indicated for the treatment of anxiety. Other medications may be prescribed to treat anxiety. Always talk to your doctor before starting any medication.

Can Lamotrigine be used as a mood stabilizer?

Yes, Lamotrigine is used as a mood stabilizer for patients with bipolar disorder. Your doctor will determine the proper dosage and frequency for you.

Is Lamotrigine safe to take long-term?

Yes, Lamotrigine is safe to take long-term, as long as you follow your doctor’s instructions and take the medication as prescribed. It is important to talk to your doctor about any concerns you have about taking Lamotrigine for an extended period of time.

Does Lamotrigine interact with caffeine?

No, Lamotrigine does not interact with caffeine. However, caffeine can increase the effects of Lamotrigine, such as drowsiness, so it is best to avoid caffeine while taking Lamotrigine.