Insulina Degludec
Insulina Degludec Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Insulina Degludec is a brand name. Its generic name is Insulin Degludec.
Insulina Degludec
Introduction: Insulina Degludec (insulin degludec) is a long-acting human insulin analogue developed by Novo Nordisk, a Danish company. It is an insulin analog that has been designed to provide a more consistent and sustained release of glucose from the bloodstream compared to regular insulin. It is used to treat diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 by controlling the levels of blood sugar through a slow and steady release of glucose into the bloodstream.
Uses for
Insulina Degludec is used to control blood sugar levels in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is usually used in combination with other diabetes medications, such as metformin, glimepiride, or insulin glargine, to help improve glycemic control while reducing the risk of hypoglycemia.
Mechanism of Action
Insulina Degludec works by acting on the beta-cells located in the pancreas, stimulating them to secrete more insulin. This insulin travels to the liver and other tissues, where it helps to move the glucose present in the bloodstream into cells where it can be used for energy. This helps to decrease the amount of glucose present in the bloodstream, helping to improve glycemic control.
How Long Does It Take To Work?
The effects of Insulina Degludec can take up to an hour before they start to take effect. This is because the insulin needs to be absorbed through the body and reach the liver and tissues before it can start to work. The full effects may take up to 8 hours for the glucose to be completely stabilized in the bloodstream.
Absorption
Insulina Degludec is absorbed primarily by the muscle and fat tissues found in the body. However, it can vary depending on the individual, as some may absorb it more quickly than others. It is important for the individual to monitor their blood sugar levels when they first start taking Insulina Degludec, in order to gauge the effectiveness of the insulin.
Route of Elimination
Insulina Degludec is eliminated by the kidneys. The insulin is broken down by the body and then excreted in urine, where it can be monitored for levels of glucose in the blood.
Dosage and Administration
Insulina Degludec should be administered under the guidance of a physician as the dose and frequency can vary depending on the individual. The initial dose of Insulina Degludec should be determined by the doctor based on the patient's glucose levels, body weight, and other health factors. The dose may be increased or decreased depending on how the patient’s body responds to the insulin. The drug should be injected subcutaneously, preferably into the abdomen.
Side Effects
The most common side effects of Insulina Degludec include hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), rash, and swelling at the site of injection. Other side effects may include nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, weight gain, headache, dizziness, and fatigue.
Toxicity
Insulina Degludec is generally considered safe in moderation when taken as directed. However, serious adverse reactions, such as life-threatening hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), can occur if the drug is taken in larger than recommended doses. Overdose symptoms may include seizure, coma, and death.
Precaution
It is important to follow a doctor’s instructions when taking Insulina Degludec. It should not be taken with alcohol or other drugs that increase the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Patients should also monitor their glucose levels regularly while taking this medication.
Interaction
Insulina Degludec may interact with other medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, sulfa drugs, beta-blockers, and tricyclic antidepressants. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you are taking in order to prevent interactions.
Disease Interactions
People with certain medical conditions, such as kidney or liver problems, may not be able to take Insulina Degludec. People with heart disease, thyroid disease, or a history of diabetic ketoacidosis should also use caution while taking this medication.
Drug Interactions
Certain medications can interact with Insulina Degludec, either by changing the way the body metabolizes the drug or by increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. This includes medications such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, pentamidine, ritonavir, bosentan, and gemfibrozil. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take.
Food Interactions
Insulina Degludec may interact with certain foods. It is important to tell your doctor or dietitian about any changes to your diet, including if you start eating more carbohydrates or later meals, as this could affect your blood sugar levels. Alcohol consumption can also increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taking Insulina Degludec, so it is important to limit alcohol consumption.
Pregnancy Use
Insulina Degludec is classified as a Pregnancy Category C medication, which means that it is not known to be safe during pregnancy. However, insulin is essential for controlling blood sugar levels in pregnant women with diabetes. Talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of taking Insulina Degludec while pregnant.
Lactation Use
Insulina Degludec is excreted into human milk, and should not be used while breastfeeding without consulting a doctor first. It is important to monitor glucose levels carefully when breastfeeding to make sure it is at a safe level.
Acute Overdose
An acute overdose of Insulina Degludec may cause serious health consequences, including hypoglycemia, convulsions, and coma. If an insulin overdose is suspected, seek medical attention immediately.
Contraindication
Insulina Degludec should not be taken by people with certain medical conditions, such as an allergy to Insulina Degludec or any of its ingredients, severe kidney or liver problems, hypokalemia, and diabetic ketoacidosis.
Use Direction
Insulina Degludec should be injected under the skin (subcutaneously) into the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm, as directed by a physician. It is important to use a clean and new needle and syringe each time and rotate the injection sites to avoid skin irritation. Do not mix Insulina Degludec with other types of insulin or dilute it in water.
Storage Condition
Insulina Degludec should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature between 2 and 8°C (36 and 46°F) and away from direct sunlight. Do not store Insulina Degludec in the freezer or at temperatures above 25°C (77°F). Do not use any bottles of Insulina Degludec that are damaged, leaking, expired, or contain clumps or discoloration.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of Insulina Degludec is estimated to be 6.8 L/kg.
Half Life
The half-life for Insulina Degludec is reported to be approximately 25 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of Insulina Degludec is estimated to be 0.23 L/h/kg.
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