Granocyte-34
Granocyte-34 Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Granocyte-34 is a brand name. Its generic name is Lenograstim.
Granocyte-34 Introduction
Granocyte-34 is a type of growth factor. It helps in the production of white blood cells, red, cells, and platelets by stimulating the bone marrow. Granocyte-34 is approved to be used in the prevention of chemotherapy induced neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and for the mobilization of hematopoieticstem cells.
Granocyte-34 Uses
Granocyte-34 is used in adults with certain types of cancer, such as leukemia, to treat low white blood cell counts caused by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. It is also used to stimulate the body's defense mechanisms and help in the production of white blood cells, red, cells, and platelets. Additionally, it can be helpful in the management of myelodysplastic syndrome and for mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells.
Mechanism of action
Granocyte-34 works by stimulating the production of neutrophils and other white blood cells from bone marrow progenitor cells. It binds to cell surface receptors on myeloid precursor cells and activates intracellular signal transduction pathways that control the cellular differentiation, proliferation and maturation. In addition, Granocyte-34 has been reported to block the release of neutrophils from the bone marrow and suppress bone marrow activity.
How long does it take to work?
Granocyte-34 can start to work within 24 to 72 hours of starting the treatment, though it may take longer in some cases. After the initial two days, the number of white blood cells in the blood will steadily increase over the course of several days until a normal level is reached.
Absorption
Granocyte-34 is administered intravenously, and it is highly soluble in water. It has an optimal pH of 6, making it suitable for parenteral use. After administration, Granocyte-34 is rapidly absorbed and is widely distributed into extravascular body tissues with an estimated volume of distribution (Vd) of approximately 3.2 L/kg.
Route of elimination
Granocyte-34 is eliminated mainly by the kidneys, with approximately 65% of the administered dose eliminated in the urine within 24 hours of administration. About 5 to 7% of the dose is eliminated unchanged in the urine. The elimination half-life of lenograstim is approximately 8 hours.
Dosage
The recommended dose of Granocyte-34 is 6 mcg/kg subcutaneously (SC) or intravenously (IV) once daily until the white blood cell count (WBC) returns to greater than 5,000 per mm3. The maximum dose that can be administered is 60 mcg per day. The dose should not be exceeded in any patient and additional doses should not be given without consulting a doctor.
Administration
Granocyte-34 can be administered either intravenously or subcutaneously. The intravenous (IV) dose should be given slowly over 2 to 5 minutes. The subcutaneous dose should be given in the upper arm, abdomen, or thigh. The injectable solution should be at room temperature before it is administered.
Side Effects
The most common side effects associated with Granocyte-34 include fever, headache, fatigue, nausea, injection site reactions, flu-like symptoms, and chest pain. Serious side effects may include anaphylaxis, allergic reactions, bone and joint pain, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenic fever.
Toxicity
The acute toxicity of Granocyte-34 has not been determined. Testing in animals suggests that the drug is not likely to be acutely toxic but can cause local reactions at injection sites. Also, there is potential bone marrow suppression at higher doses. Therefore, it is important to monitor patients carefully when administering Granocyte-34.
Precautions
Granocyte-34 should be used with caution in patients with low platelet count (thrombocytopenia), anemia, uncontrolled infection, and severe neutropenia. It should also be used with caution in patients with renal impairment or hepatic impairment. Additionally, patients with a history of allergic reactions or other hypersensitivity reactions may be at increased risk for serious side effects.
Interactions
Granocyte-34 may interact with other medicines and herbs. Therefore, it is important to tell your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements that you are taking before beginning treatment with Granocyte-34. Additionally, it is important to tell your doctor if any other medications have previously caused an allergic or other serious reaction.
Disease Interactions
Granocyte-34 may interact with certain diseases, such as kidney or liver disease. Additionally, it may interact with certain blood disorders, suchas thrombocytopenia and anemia. Patients with these diseases should be closely monitored during Granocyte-34 treatment.
Drug Interactions
Granocyte-34 may interact with other medications, such as chemotherapy agents, and herbal products. Additionally, it may interact with anti-anxiety medications, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and blood thinners. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications that you are taking before beginning treatment with Granocyte-34.
Food Interactions
Granocyte-34 does not interact with food. However, certain foods may interact with other medications that are taken along with Granocyte-34. It is important to tell your doctor about all of your medication and dietary habits before beginning treatment with Granocyte-34.
Pregnancy Use
Granocyte-34 should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. It is important to tell your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant before starting treatment with Granocyte-34.
Lactation Use
Granocyte-34 is excreted in breastmilk, so it should be avoided during lactation. It is important to talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of using this medication if you are breastfeeding.
Acute Overdose
There is no reported information on acute overdoses of Granocyte-34. If an overdose is suspected, seek medical attention immediately.
Contraindication
Granocyte-34 is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to Erythropoietin (EPO), or any of its inactive ingredients. Additionally, it should not be used in patients with severe neutropenia or a history of allergic reactions or other hypersensitivity reactions.
Use Directions
Granocyte-34 should be administered according to the doctor's instructions. It should be injected subcutaneously or intravenously as directed. The vial should be stored at 25°C and should be used within 8 hours following reconstitution. It should not be used if it is cloudy or if it has particles.
Storage Condition
Granocyte-34 should be stored at 25°C away from direct light, in an area that is free from moisture. It should be kept out of reach of children and pets. The vial and contents should be discarded 8 hours following reconstitution.
Volume of Distribution
Granocyte-34 has an estimated volume of distribution of approximately 3.2 L/kg. This means that it is widely distributed to extravascular body tissues.
Half Life
The elimination half-life of lenograstim is approximately 8 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of lenograstim is approximately 0.1 L/hr/kg. This means that it is slowly eliminated from the body, with approximately 65% of the administered dose being eliminated in urine within 24 hours of administration.
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