Fosfomycine
Fosfomycine Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Fosfomycine is a brand name. Its generic name is Fosfomycin.
Fosfomycine
Fosfomycine is a type of antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is used to treat infections of the urinary tract caused by certain bacteria like E. coli. It can also be used to treat skin and eye infections caused by certain bacteria.
Uses For
Fosfomycine is used for the treatment of susceptible bacterial infections including urinary tract infections (UTI), including acute uncomplicated cystitis in women caused by Escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. It is also used for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections caused by certain susceptible organisms.
Mechanism of Action
Fosfomycine works by aparticially creating enzymes in the infected bacteria cell which are used as part of the bacteria’s normal metabolic process. In the above case, the enzyme allows the bacteria to form cell wall components needed for growth. Inhibition of this process results in bacterial cell death and therefore helps to clear the infection.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
Fosfomycine usually starts to work within 12 to 24 hours and patients may start feeling better after a few days of taking the medication. However, it is important to take the full course of antibiotics as instructed, even if the patient feels better in order to give the medication enough time to work and to prevent the infection from coming back.
Absorption
Fosfomycine is rapidly and completely absorbed after intramuscular and oral administration. Intramuscular doses administered as an aqueous suspension of 1 g have produced serum concentrations of the drug which were three to five times higher than those obtained following oral therapy.
Route of Elimination
Fosfomycine is eliminated mainly by renal excretion, through both glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. It is also known to be metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Dosage
- For adult patients, the recommended intravenous dose is 1.5 g, three times daily.
- For adult patients, the recommended intramuscular dose is 1 g three times daily.
- For pediatric patients, the recommended intravenous dose is 40 mg/kg/day given in three divided doses.
- For pediatric patients, the recommended intramuscular dose is 30 mg/kg/day given in three divided doses.
Administration
Fosfomycine may be administered orally, intravenously or intramuscularly depending on the type of infection. It should be taken with food or a full glass of water to help reduce stomach irritation. If administered intravenously, it should be given slowly over at least 15 minutes.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Fosfomycine include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, stomatitis, headache, rash, and dizziness. These are usually mild and temporary and do not require medical attention. Some serious side effects of Fosfomycine include severe allergic reactions, liver toxicity, and anaphylaxis. Seek medical attention immediately if any of these side effects are experienced.
Toxicity
Fosfomycine is generally well tolerated when taken as prescribed. However, excessive use or overdose may lead to acute renal failure. Symptoms of acute toxicity include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In severe cases, confusion, respiratory depression, and seizures may occur.
Precaution
Before taking Fosfomycine, patients should tell their doctor if they have, or have ever had, any of the following conditions: kidney disease, liver disease, allergies to other antibiotics, or if they are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Interaction
Fosfomycine can interact with other medications, including antibiotics, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Therefore it is important to inform the doctor of any other medications that the patient may be taking before beginning a course of Fosfomycine. Patients should also avoided alcohol while taking this medication.
Disease Interaction
Fosfomycine is known to interact with certain diseases, such as kidney and liver disease. Patients with these conditions should consult with a doctor before taking Fosfomycine as the medication may worsen certain symptoms. Additionally, patients with a history of allergy or asthma should be aware that Fosfomycine may cause allergic reactions.
Drug Interaction
Fosfomycine may interact with certain drugs, so it is important to inform the doctor of any other medications the patient is taking before taking this medication. Fosfomycine may interact with antibiotics, antacids, quinolones, tetracyclines, birth control pills, and other drugs.
Food Interaction
Fosfomycine may interact with certain foods, such as dairy, chocolate, and other foods high in fat or calcium. These foods can reduce the effectiveness of the medication, so it is important to avoid them while taking Fosfomycine.
Pregnancy Use
Fosfomycine is classified as a pregnancy category B drug, meaning that it is not expected to be harmful when taken during pregnancy. However, it is important to always consult a doctor before taking any medication during pregnancy, even if it is not expected to be harmful.
Lactation Use
Fosfomycine has not been studied in breastfeeding women and should be avoided by women who are breastfeeding. It is important to speak with a doctor before taking Fosfomycine while breastfeeding.
Acute Overdose
Symptoms of Fosfomycine overdose include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In severe cases, seizures, confusion, and respiratory depression may occur. Seek immediate medical attention if an overdose is suspected.
Contraindication
Fosfomycine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to it or any of its components. It should also be avoided in patients with renal impairment and in patients with a history of allergic reactions to other antibiotics.
Use Direction
Fosfomycine should be taken exactly as prescribed by the doctor. It should be taken with food or a full glass of water and should not be taken with alcohol. It is important to take the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if the patient feels better, in order to give the medication enough time to work and to prevent the infection from coming back.
Storage Conditions
Fosfomycine should be stored in a tight, light-resistant container at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children and pets.
Volume of Distribution
The apparent volume of distribution of Fosfomycine is 0.2 - 0.3 L/kg.
Half-Life
The half-life of Fosfomycine is 2-4 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of Fosfomycine is estimated to be 4.5 L/h/kg.
Here you find in details version of Fosfomycine
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Fosfomycine
What is Fosfomycine?
Fosfomycine is an antibiotic medication used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
How does Fosfomycine work?
Fosfomycine kill bacteria by interfering with their growth and reproduction. This prevents the bacteria from reproducing and making more bacteria, thus preventing the spread of infection.
Is Fosfomycine safe?
Yes, Fosfomycine is generally considered safe when taken as directed. Talk to your doctor if you have any concerns.
What is the usual dosage of Fosfomycine?
The usual dosage of Fosfomycine depends on the condition being treated. For urinary tract infections, the usual dose is 3 grams administered as a single dose. For complicated or severe infections, the usual dose is 5 to 10 grams given in divided doses over 2 days.
Who should not take Fosfomycine?
Fosfomycine should not be given to individuals who are allergic to fosfomycin or other ingredients in the medication. It should also not be given to pregnant women or children.
Can Fosfomycine be taken with food?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be taken with food, although it may not be as effective. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
What are the possible side effects of Fosfomycine?
Possible side effects of Fosfomycine include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and rash. If you experience any of these side effects, contact your doctor right away.
How should Fosfomycine be stored?
Fosfomycine should be stored at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Keep the medication in a tightly closed container and out of reach of children.
What should be done if a dose of Fosfomycine is missed?
If a dose of Fosfomycine is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose of Fosfomycine.
What should be done if an overdose of Fosfomycine occurs?
If an overdose of Fosfomycine occurs, seek immediate medical attention. Symptoms of an overdose may include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and stomach pain.
What other medications may interact with Fosfomycine?
Fosfomycine may interact with certain antibiotics, such as penicillins. Make sure to tell your doctor about all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies that you are taking before starting Fosfomycine.
Does Fosfomycine need to be refrigerated?
No, Fosfomycine does not need to be refrigerated. It should be kept at room temperature, away from light and moisture.
What are the symptoms of a urinary tract infection?
The symptoms of a urinary tract infection can vary depending on the type and severity of the infection. Common symptoms include frequent painful urination, burning with urination, cloudy or bloody urine, low fever, lower back pain, and fatigue.
What other infections can Fosfomycine treat?
Fosfomycine can treat certain skin, chest, and gynecological infections. Talk to your doctor to determine if Fosfomycine is the right medication for your condition.
How long does it take for Fosfomycine to work?
The length of time it takes for Fosfomycine to start working varies depending on the type of infection being treated. Generally, the medication will start to work within 1-2 days.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat a sinus infection?
Fosfomycine is not typically used to treat sinus infections. Your doctor may prescribe other antibiotics, such as amoxicillin or cefuroxime, to treat a sinus infection.
What are the symptoms of a skin infection?
The symptoms of a skin infection vary depending on the type and severity of the infection. Common symptoms include redness, swelling, warmth, blistering, pain, itching, and oozing pus.
Does Fosfomycine cause any drug interactions?
Yes, Fosfomycine may interact with certain medications, such as antibiotics and antacids. Make sure to tell your doctor about all medications and supplements that you are taking before starting Fosfomycine.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be used to treat a urinary tract infection. It is usually taken as a single 3 gram dose, although for complicated or severe infections it may be taken in divided doses over 2 days.
What should I do if I experience any side effects from Fosfomycine?
If you experience any serious side effects from Fosfomycine, such as difficulty breathing or swelling of the face, contact your doctor right away. For milder side effects, such as nausea or headache, you may continue taking the medication and check in with your doctor.
How long should Fosfomycine be taken for?
It is important to take Fosfomycine for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor, even if you are feeling better. Stopping the medication too soon can lead to antibiotic resistance, and may cause the infection to worsen or return.
What can I do to prevent a urinary tract infection?
To prevent a urinary tract infection, drink plenty of fluids, avoid using harsh soaps or bubble baths in the genital area, and urinate often. Wiping from front to back when using the restroom can also help prevent infection.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat a bacterial infection in the lungs?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be used to treat certain types of bacterial infections in the lungs. It is usually given in higher doses and for longer periods of time than for other infections.
Who should not take Fosfomycine?
Fosfomycine should not be given to individuals who are allergic to fosfomycin or any of the ingredients in the medication. It should also not be given to pregnant women or to children.
What is the usual dosage of Fosfomycine for a complicated or severe infection?
For complicated or severe infections, the usual dose of Fosfomycine is 5 to 10 grams given in divided doses over 2 days.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat an ear infection?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be used to treat certain types of ear infections. Depending on the type and severity of the infection, your doctor may prescribe Fosfomycine in a higher dose and for a longer duration than for other infections.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat a bladder infection?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be used to treat bladder infections. It is usually taken as a single 3 gram dose.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat a kidney infection?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be used to treat certain types of kidney infections. Depending on the type and severity of the infection, your doctor may prescribe Fosfomycine in a higher dose and for a longer duration than for other infections.
Can Fosfomycine treat a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?
Fosfomycine can be used to treat certain types of sexually transmitted infections, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Depending on the type and severity of the infection, your doctor may prescribe Fosfomycine in a higher dose and for a longer duration than for other infections.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat an eye infection?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be used to treat certain types of eye infections. Talk to your doctor to determine if Fosfomycine is the right medication for your condition.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat a vaginal infection?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be used to treat certain types of vaginal infections. It is usually given in higher doses and for longer periods of time than for other infections.
Does Fosfomycine need to be taken with meals?
No, Fosfomycine does not need to be taken with meals. It can be taken with or without food, although taking the medication with food may make it less effective.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat a strep throat infection?
Fosfomycine is not typically used to treat strep throat infections. Your doctor may prescribe other antibiotics, such as amoxicillin or cefuroxime, to treat a strep throat infection.
Can Fosfomycine cause allergic reactions?
Yes, Fosfomycine can cause allergic reactions in certain individuals. Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction may include difficulty breathing and swelling of the face, lips, or throat. Contact your doctor right away if you experience any of these symptoms.
Who should not take Fosfomycine?
Fosfomycine should not be given to individuals who are allergic to fosfomycin or any of the ingredients in the medication. It should also not be given to pregnant women or to children.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat a bacterial infection in the bladder?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be used to treat certain types of bacterial infections in the bladder. It is usually taken as a single 3 gram dose, although for complicated or severe infections it may be taken in divided doses over 2 days.
Is Fosfomycine safe to use during pregnancy?
No, Fosfomycine should not be used during pregnancy. Talk to your doctor about other medications that may be appropriate.
Can Fosfomycine cause dizziness?
Yes, dizziness is a possible side effect of Fosfomycine. If you experience any dizziness, contact your doctor right away.
Is Fosfomycine safe to use while breastfeeding?
Yes, Fosfomycine is generally considered safe to use while breastfeeding. Talk to your doctor about any risks or concerns that you have.
Can Fosfomycine be used to treat a urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by E. coli?
Yes, Fosfomycine can be used to treat UTIs caused by E. coli. It is usually taken as a single 3 gram dose, although for complicated or severe infections it may be taken in divided doses over 2 days.
Can Fosfomycine cause nausea or vomiting?
Yes, nausea and vomiting are possible side effects of Fosfomycine. If these symptoms occur, contact your doctor right away.
Should I finish the entire course of Fosfomycine, even if I am feeling better?
Yes, it is important to take Fosfomycine for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor, even if you are feeling better. Stopping the medication too soon can lead to antibiotic resistance, and may cause the infection to worsen or return.