Divalproex Sodium

Divalproex Sodium Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Divalproex Sodium is a brand name. Its generic name is Divalproex Sodium.

Introduction

Divalproex Sodium is an anticonvulsant (anti-seizure) medication primarily used to treat epilepsy. It is also used to prevent migraine headaches and treat manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder. It belongs to a class of drugs called valproic acid derivatives.

Uses

Divalproex Sodium is used primarily to treat epilepsy, myoclonic seizures, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It can also be used to prevent migraine headaches and treat manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder.

Mechanism of Action

Divalproex Sodium works by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels and increasing the synthesis of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA. It also suppresses the release of various inflammatory Cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and thus helps to reduce inflammation.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

It usually takes about 1 to 4 weeks for the medication to become effective. During this time, the patient may experience an increase in seizure activity as the medication begins to work.

Absorption

Divalproex Sodium is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration.

Route of Elimination

Divalproex Sodium is primarily eliminated via the kidneys. Approximately 90% of the medication is eliminated unchanged, with the remainder being converted to other metabolites.

Dosage

The dosage of Divalproex Sodium varies depending on the condition being treated, age, and weight of the patient. It is typically taken one or two times per day, with or without food. The typical adult dosage is 250 mg to 1000 mg per day, divided into 2 to 3 doses.

Administration

Divalproex Sodium is usually taken orally, with or without food. It can also be given intravenously.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Divalproex Sodium include nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, dizziness, headache, and weight gain.

Toxicity

Divalproex Sodium can be toxic in large doses. Symptoms of overdose include dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, seizures, and coma. In severe cases, it can cause liver and kidney damage.

Precautions

Divalproex Sodium should not be used in people with liver disease, kidney disease, a known allergy to the medication, or a history of suicidal thoughts or behavior.

Interactions

Divalproex Sodium can interact with other medications, including but not limited to hormonal contraceptives, corticosteroids, blood pressure medications, and antifungals. It can also interact with alcohol, opioids, and certain vitamins and supplements.

Disease Interactions

Divalproex Sodium should not be used in people with liver or kidney disease, a history of drug or alcohol abuse, a known allergy to the medication, or a history of suicidal thoughts or behaviors.

Drug Interactions

Divalproex Sodium may interact with other medications, such as warfarin, hormonal contraceptives, corticosteroids, blood pressure medications, and antifungals.

Food Interactions

Food can reduce the absorption of Divalproex Sodium, and should therefore be taken with food if possible.

Pregnancy Use

Divalproex Sodium is not recommended for use during pregnancy as it can cause birth defects in the fetus. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should talk to their doctor before taking this medication.

Lactation Use

Divalproex Sodium passes into breast milk and may affect a nursing baby. Women who are breastfeeding should talk to their doctor before taking this medication.

Acute Overdose

Symptoms of an overdose include confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, seizures, and coma. In severe cases, it can cause liver and kidney damage.

Contraindication

Divalproex Sodium should not be used in people with liver or kidney disease, a history of drug or alcohol abuse, a known allergy to the medication, or a history of suicidal thoughts or behaviors.

Use Directions

Divalproex Sodium should be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take more, or less than the prescribed amount. Take it with or without food and swallow the tablet whole.

Storage Conditions

Divalproex Sodium should be stored at room temperature, away from heat and direct light. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution for Divalproex Sodium is approximately 0.8 L/kg.

Half Life

The half-life of Divalproex Sodium is approximately 15-18 hours.

Clearance

The elimination clearance of Divalproex Sodium is 1.5 L/h/kg.

Here you find in details version of Divalproex Sodium

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Divalproex Sodium

What is the generic name for Divalproex Sodium?

The generic name for Divalproex Sodium is Valproic Acid.

What is Divalproex Sodium used for?

Divalproex Sodium is used to treat seizure disorders, as well as manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder.

How does Divalproex Sodium work?

Divalproex Sodium works by enhancing the action of neurotransmitters, such as GABA, that naturally regulate the activity of the central nervous system.

What are the side effects of Divalproex Sodium?

Common side effects of Divalproex Sodium may include drowsiness, nausea, weakness, dizziness, headache, menstrual changes, and changes in appetite, weight, or sleep.

What if I forget to take my dose of Divalproex Sodium?

If you forget to take your dose of Divalproex Sodium, take it as soon as you remember. But If it's almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one as scheduled.

Is Divalproex Sodium safe for pregnant women?

Although Divalproex Sodium is considered to be relatively safe for pregnant women, its use during pregnancy should only be considered when the potential benefits outweigh the possible risks.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium if I have kidney problems?

Use of Divalproex Sodium can be potentially dangerous for patients with kidney problems. Before taking this medication, talk to your doctor about your kidney function.

Can Divalproex Sodium be used to treat depression?

No, Divalproex Sodium is not typically used to treat depression as it can actually worsen some forms of depression.

How long does it take for Divalproex Sodium to start working?

The effects of Divalproex Sodium may start within a few days, but it may take up to 4 weeks for the full benefits of the medication to be noticed.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Divalproex Sodium?

It is not recommended to consume alcohol while taking Divalproex Sodium as this can increase the risk of side effects.

What other medications should I not take while on Divalproex Sodium?

You should avoid taking aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs while taking Divalproex Sodium as this can increase the risk of side effects.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium with birth control pills?

Yes, you can take Divalproex Sodium with birth control pills as long as your doctor approves.

How should I take Divalproex Sodium?

Divalproex Sodium should be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Take it at the same time every day and do not increase your dose without talking to your doctor first.

Should I take Divalproex Sodium with food?

Yes, you should take Divalproex Sodium with a meal or snack to prevent stomach upset.

Will Divalproex Sodium make me gain weight?

It is possible to gain weight while taking Divalproex Sodium but this is not common. Talk to your doctor if you experience significant weight gain while taking this medication.

Does Divalproex Sodium cause fatigue?

Drowsiness or fatigue can be a side effect of Divalproex Sodium. Talk to your doctor if you experience unusual fatigue while taking this medication.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium for migraines?

No, Divalproex Sodium is not typically used to treat migraines, but your doctor can make other treatment recommendations.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium with other medications?

Yes, you can take Divalproex Sodium with other medications, but make sure to tell your doctor about all medications that you are taking as some interactions may occur.

What foods should I avoid while taking Divalproex Sodium?

You should avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice while taking Divalproex Sodium as it can increase the levels of the medication in your body.

Should I be concerned about taking Divalproex Sodium for a long period of time?

If you need to take Divalproex Sodium for a long period of time, your doctor will likely monitor your liver function, cholesterol levels, and other indicators.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium when I am breastfeeding?

It is not recommended to take Divalproex Sodium while breastfeeding as it can pass into breast milk. Talk to your doctor about the best course of treatment for you.

Will Divalproex Sodium cause hair loss?

Hair loss is a rare but potential side effect of Divalproex Sodium. If you notice unexplained hair loss while taking this medication, contact your doctor right away.

Does Divalproex Sodium interact with any vitamins?

Divalproex Sodium may interact with certain vitamins, especially vitamins that contain iron. Talk to your doctor about taking vitamins while on this medication.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium if I am taking blood thinners?

You should not take Divalproex Sodium if you are taking a blood thinner as it can increase the risk of bleeding.

How often should I get blood tests while taking Divalproex Sodium?

Your doctor may recommend getting routine lab tests to monitor your liver function while taking Divalproex Sodium. Talk to your doctor about how often to get these tests.

What should I do if I experience liver problems while taking Divalproex Sodium?

If you experience any signs of liver problems, such as yellowing of your skin or eyes, abdominal pain, dark urine, or fatigue, you should contact your doctor right away.

What if I experience an allergic reaction to Divalproex Sodium?

If you experience any signs of an allergic reaction, such as hives, swelling, difficulty breathing, or rash, you should stop taking the medication and seek medical attention right away.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium if I am taking antidepressants?

Yes, it is usually safe to take Divalproex Sodium with antidepressants, but you should always talk to your doctor about any other medications you are taking.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium if I have an anxiety disorder?

Yes, Divalproex Sodium is sometimes prescribed to treat anxiety disorders, although it should only be taken under the supervision of your doctor.

Can Divalproex Sodium be used to treat epilepsy?

Yes, Divalproex Sodium is commonly used to treat seizure disorders, including some forms of epilepsy.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium if I am elderly?

Yes, Divalproex Sodium is sometimes prescribed to elderly patients, but the dose may need to be adjusted due to age related declines in kidney and liver functioning. Talk to your doctor about the best course of treatment for you.

Should I have regular eye exams while taking Divalproex Sodium?

Yes, you should have regular eye exams while taking Divalproex Sodium as this medication can cause vision changes.

Where can I get more information about Divalproex Sodium?

You can get more information about Divalproex Sodium from your doctor or pharmacist.

Can I stop taking Divalproex Sodium without talking to my doctor?

No, you should not stop taking Divalproex Sodium without talking to your doctor first as sudden discontinuation of the medication can cause serious withdrawal symptoms.

What is the typical dosage of Divalproex Sodium?

The typical dosage of Divalproex Sodium depends on the condition being treated and the age of the patient, and should be determined by a doctor.

Will Divalproex Sodium affect my sex drive?

Decreased sex drive is a rare side effect of Divalproex Sodium. Contact your doctor if you experience this side effect while taking this medication.

How common are stomach upset and nausea while taking Divalproex Sodium?

Stomach upset and nausea are common side effects of Divalproex Sodium. Taking the medication with food can help minimize these symptoms.

Can Divalproex Sodium cause depression?

Although rare, depression can be a side effect of Divalproex Sodium. Talk to your doctor if you experience any symptoms of depression while taking this medication.

Does Divalproex Sodium interact with other drugs?

Yes, Divalproex Sodium can interact with other drugs, including some over-the-counter medications. Always tell your doctor about any other medications you are taking.

Can Divalproex Sodium cause headaches?

Yes, headaches are a common side effect of Divalproex Sodium. If you experience headaches while taking this medication, contact your doctor.

What should I do if I forget to take my dose of Divalproex Sodium?

If you forget to take your dose of Divalproex Sodium, take it as soon as you remember. If it's almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one as scheduled.

Is Divalproex Sodium associated with any risks for birth defects or pregnancy complications?

Although Divalproex Sodium is generally considered safe for pregnant women, its use during pregnancy should only be considered when the potential benefits outweigh the possible risks.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium if I have a history of liver problems?

You should not take Divalproex Sodium if you have a history of liver problems or any other medical conditions. Talk to your doctor about your medical history before taking this medication.

Can I take Divalproex Sodium if I have high cholesterol?

Yes, you can take Divalproex Sodium if you have high cholesterol, but your doctor may monitor your cholesterol levels more closely while taking this medication.

Is Divalproex Sodium effective for treating bipolar disorder?

Yes, Divalproex Sodium is effective for treating manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder.

Is Divalproex Sodium available over the counter?

No, Divalproex Sodium is only available by prescription.