acetylsalicylic acid
acetylsalicylic acid Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? acetylsalicylic acid is a brand name. Its generic name is ASA - caffeine - codeine.
Caffeine
Caffeine is a natural stimulant found in coffee, tea, sodas, chocolate, and many other food and beverage products. It works by binding to adenosine receptors in the brain, blocking the effects of adenosine, and leading to an increase in alertness and wakefulness.
Uses For
Caffeine is often used to treat fatigue, lethargy, morning-peaking alertness, and to generally increase alertness and vigilance. It is also used to improve performance in physical activities and mental tasks, such as improving reaction time and improving concentration.
Mechanism of Action
Caffeine works by binding to adenosine receptors in the brain, blocking the effects of adenosine, and leading to an increase in alertness and wakefulness. By decreasing the amount of adenosine in the brain, caffeine decreases drowsiness and allows people to stay awake and alert.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Caffeine begins to take effect within 15-45 minutes of ingestion. The effects of caffeine typically peak around 60-90 minutes, and itsalertness-enhancing effects usually last up to 3-4 hours.
Absorption
Caffeine is rapidly absorbed and distributes throughout the body. After ingested, caffeine is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and quickly builds up in the bloodstream, where it can reach peak concentrations within minutes of ingestion.
Route of Elimination
Caffeine is primarily eliminated through the kidneys as caffeine and its metabolites, such as paraxanthine, theobromine, and theophylline. The elimination of caffeine from the body can take up to 10-12 hours.
Dosage
Caffeine is available in many different forms with various dosages including tablets, capsules, beverages, gums, and lozenges. Generally, the recommended daily dosage of caffeine is up to 400 mg per day but can range from 100-600 mg per day depending on individual sensitivity and desired effect.
Administration
Caffeine can be administered orally or rectally. When taken orally, it is best to take it with food or after a meal to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. It can also be taken intravenously, sublingually, or intramuscularly.
Side Effect
The most common side effects of caffeine include anxiety, restlessness, irritability, jitteriness, insomnia, heart palpitations, and nausea. Higher doses of caffeine can cause tremors, sweating, headaches, and hypertension.
Toxicity
Caffeine is considered a safe substance when taken in moderation. However, its toxicity increases with higher doses. The toxic dose of caffeine is estimated to be around 10 g and can result in seizures, arrhythmia, and death.
Precaution
People with certain medical conditions or who are pregnant or breastfeeding should consult a healthcare professional before taking caffeine. It is also important to note that caffeine can be habit-forming if it is taken in large amounts, and that individuals should not take more than the recommended daily dosage.
Interaction
Caffeine may interact with other drugs, such as certain antibiotics, antacids, and anticonvulsants. Therefore, it is important to consult a healthcare professional before taking any combination of medications.
Disease Interaction
Caffeine may interact with certain diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. People with these conditions should consult a healthcare professional before taking caffeine.
Drug Interaction
The effects of caffeine may be enhanced when taken with certain drugs, such as those used to treat depression or anxiety. Caffeine should not be taken with certain drugs, such as MAOIs, as this can lead to dangerous interactions.
Food Interactions
Caffeine may interact with certain foods, such as chocolate, which can increase the effects of caffeine. Certain herbs and supplements can also interact with caffeine, such as St. John's Wort. It is important to consult a healthcare professional before taking caffeine with any food or supplement.
Pregnancy Use
Caffeine is generally considered safe for pregnant women in moderation. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists suggests that pregnant women should limit their caffeine consumption to less than 200 mg per day.
Lactation Use
Caffeine is safe to consume in moderation while breastfeeding. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists suggests that breastfeeding women should limit their caffeine consumption to less than 200 mg per day.
Acute Overdose
An acute overdose of caffeine is often characterized by symptoms such as tremors, agitation, confusion, vomiting, and diuresis. If an individual experiences any of these symptoms, it is important to seek immediate medical attention.
Contraindication
Caffeine should not be taken by individuals with a history of anxiety, hypertension, or arrhythmia. It should be avoided by individuals with any medical conditions in order to prevent any potentially adverse effects.
Use Direction
The recommended daily dosage of caffeine is up to 400 mg per day. Generally, it is best to take caffeine with food or after a meal to help reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
Storage Condition
Caffeine should be stored in a cool, dry place and should be kept away from any sources of heat or moisture. It should also be kept out of the reach of children and pets.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of caffeine is 0.6 L/kg, which means it distributes throughout the body quickly after it is ingested.
Half Life
The half-life of caffeine is approximately 3-7 hours, although this can vary depending on individual characteristics, such as age and gender.
Clearance
The clearance of caffeine is approximately 0.11-0.18 minutes/ml, which means that it is excreted quickly from the body.
Here you find in details version of acetylsalicylic acid